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Select indicators and prioritize solutions for desertification and drought in Binh Thuan,Vietnam

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2016年第2期16卷 123-132页

作者： Le Trinh Hai Anne Gobin luc hens Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Geography Remote Sensing Department Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)

The link between climate change and desertification is an important global problem for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD).The coastal provinces in Southern Centre Vietnam are strongly influenced by desertification,which is further exacerbated by climate *** Delphi method was used to select sustainability indicators and then a method of an analytical hierarchy process was applied to prioritize sustainable solutions in Binh Thuan experts to elicit the causes and effects of *** to the panel of 23 experts,27 cause(*** and sunshine duration) and 22 effect(*** and agriculture) indicators were of particular importance to desertification and drought in the *** highest priorities for cause are given to emigration,followed by income from industry and water supply for household *** highest priorities for effect in the area are given to socioeconomic criteria,and in particular to the sub-criteria resettlement due to development projects,building hydropower reservoirs,and implementing irrigation *** system of indicators provides useful information for the future *** study provides a means to uncover the most important criteria perceived as major contributors to desertification and as such enables policy-makers to prioritize solutions for Binh Thuan(Vietnam) by 2015 and a vision in 2020.

关键词： Sustainable assessment Delphi process analytical hierarchy process Binh Thuan province desertification

Nature Conservation versus Scenic Quality:A GIS Approach towards Optimized Tourist Tracks in a Protected Area of Northwest Yunnan,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 142-155页

作者： YANG Ming-yu VAN COILLIE Frieke hens luc DE WULF Robert OU Xiao-kun ZHANG Zhi-ming Institute of Ecology and Geobotany Yunnan University Laboratory of Forest Management and Spatial Information Techniques Universiteit Gent Flemish Institute for Technological Research

Development of appropriate tourism infrastructure is important for protected areas that allow public access for tourism *** is meant to avoid or minimize unfavourable impacts on natural resources through guiding tourists for proper *** this paper,a GIS-based method,the least-cost path(LCP) modelling,is explored for planning tourist tracks in a World Heritage site in Northwest Yunnan(China),where tourism is increasing rapidly while appropriate infrastructure is almost *** modelling process contains three steps:1) selection of evaluation criteria(physical,biological and landscape scenic) that are relevant to track decision; 2) translation of evluation criteria into spatially explicit cost surfaces with GIS,and 3) use of Dijkstra's algorithm to determine the least-cost *** tracks that link main entrances and scenic spots of the study area are proposed after optimizing all evaluation *** tracks feature lowenvironmental impacts and high landscape qualities,which represent a reasonable solution to balance tourist use and nature conservation in the study *** addtion,the study proves that the LCP modelling can not only offer a structured framwork for track planning but also allow for different stakeholders to participate in the planning *** therefore enhances the effectivenss of tourism planning and managemnt in protected areas.

关键词： Tourist track Spatial optimisation Nature conservation Landscape scenic quality Protected area

Uncovering causes and effects of desertification using a Leopold matrix in Binh Thuan Province,Vietnam

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2014年第1期12卷 57-67页

作者： Le Trinh Hai Anne Gobin luc hens Institute of Geography Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)

Vietnam is a coastal country projected to be heavily affected by climate *** Thuan Province is part of the driest region of Vietnam and is prone to *** expert panel participated in developing a Leopold matrix which allowed for identification of desertification impact factors on the province's socioeconomic activities and assessment of the strength of cause-effect relationships in terms of magnitude and *** use planning,surface water,and the length of the dry season are considered the most important causes,with the overall highest scores for both magnitude and importance in the cause-effect *** largest effects of the different factors are perceived on water supply for agriculture and household *** availability and land use planning are important remedial action domains,while drought and land cover require monitoring to assess *** indicators of cause and effect can be used in a longer-term general monitoring and assessment framework to combat desertification in the area.

关键词： desertification drought impact Leopold matrix Binh Thuan Province Vietnam

Assessment of the Irrigation Capacity during the Dry Season Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information (Case Study in the Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第11期6卷 1214-1220页

作者： Hien Thi Thu Le Thang Nguyen Ngoc luc hens Institute of Geography Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (IG/VAST) Hanoi Vietnam Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) Antwerp Belgium

Today satellite system provides a main instrument supplying regular data on land inventory and monitoring of land use/land cover changes, in a timely manner. These data are keys to many applications in different sectors: environment, forestry, hydrology, irrigation, agriculture, geology, resource management and planning. Using Landsat image and change detection, this paper presents a method to extract changes of agricultural land, as the basis for the assessment and development of irrigation systems, which enhance production and protect land resources. During the period 1996-2014, the agricultural land in Binh Thuan decreased from 43.5% (in 1996) to 40.1% (February, 2014) of the total land surface in the province. However, the land area under cultivation tends to decrease rapidly, from 25.7% in 1996 to 14.0% in 2014. Combining the results of land use change and assessing the capacity of the irrigation systems show which areas are frequently irrigated versus those are not. This allows proposing irrigation development needs contributing to more production while protecting land resources.

关键词： Land Use Change Irrigation Landsat Vietnam

Health Risk Assessment of Mobility-Related Air Pollution in Ha Noi, Vietnam

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第10期4卷 1165-1172页

作者： Vu Van Hieu Le Xuan Quynh Pham Ngoc Ho luc hens 1Research Centre for Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam 2Department of Human Ecology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Department of Geography Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Research Centre for Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek Mol Belgium.

Hanoi is the capital city of Vietnam and the second largest city of the country, just behind Ho Chi Minh City. During the last two decades, Hanoi developed fast and expanded steadily. Since the city acquired large parts of the surrounding provinces in 2008, Hanoi tripled its size and doubled its population. The new development aims to spread the concentrated population and economic activities to alleviate the stress caused by pollution and the decreasing quality of life of the residents. Hanoi has a very fast growing fleet of motor vehicles, at the rate of 12% - 15% annually. The fast transition from bikes to motorcycles and to cars results in a most serious environmental burden in particular on the air quality and human health. This paper overviews the air quality and pollution caused by road traffic in central Hanoi (5 old districts) and the related health outcomes due to particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5). It uses dose-response functions to quantify the number of extra deaths resulting from traffic-related particulate matters. The results are compared with those of other studies to assess the impacts of air pollution on human health in large, crowded and fast developing cities in Southeast Asia. Assessment of the health risk caused by traffic shows that mobility in Hanoi causes a high health burden. In 2009, mobility caused 3200 extra deaths by traffic related PM10. The result shows that health impacts due to air pollution are by far larger than the number of fatalities due to traffic accidents.

关键词： Hanoi HIA Risk Assessment Traffic-Related Health Effects

Drosophila X virus-like particles as delivery carriers for improved oral insecticidal efficacy of scorpion Androctonus australis peptide against the invasive fruit fly,Drosophila suzukii

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 847-858页

作者： Qi Xue luc Swevers Clauvis Nji Tizi Taning Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Institute of Biosciences and ApplicationsNational Centre for Scientific Research"Demokritos"AthensGreece

Insect-specific neurotoxic peptides derived from the venoms of scorpions and spiders can cause acute paralysis and death when injected into insects,offering a promising insecticidal component for insect pest ***,effective delivery systems are required to help neurotoxic peptides pass through the gut barrier into the hemolymph,where they can ***,we investigated the potential of a novel nanocarrier,Drosophila X virus-like particle(DXV-VLP),for delivering a neurotoxin from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector(AaIT)against the invasive pest fruit fly,Drosophila *** results show that the fusion proteins of DXV polyproteins with AalT peptide at their Ctermini could be sufficiently produced in Lepidoptera Hi5 cells in a soluble form using the recombinant baculovirus expression system,and could self-assemble into VLPs with similar particle morphology and size to authentic DXV *** addition,the AalT peptides displayed on DXV-VLPs retained their toxicity,as demonstrated in injection bioassays that resulted in severe mortality(72%)in adults after 72 *** fed to adults,mild mortality was observed in the group treated with DXV-AalT(38%),while no mortality occurred in the group treated with AaIT peptide,thus indicating the significant role of DXV-VLPs in delivering AalT ***,this proof-of-concept study demonstrates for the first time that VLPs can be exploited to enhance oral delivery of insect-specific neurotoxic peptides in the context of pest ***,it provides insights for further improvements and potentially the development of neurotoxin-based bioinsecticides and/or transgenic crops for insect pest control.

关键词： AalT Drosophila suzuki nanocarrier neurotoxic peptides pest control virus-like particle(VLP)

tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom luc Peelman Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive Medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(P<0.05).Inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-Huan Wu Guolei Sun Le Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

Rethinking Global Context in Crowd Counting

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 640-651页

作者： Guolei Sun Yun Liu Thomas Probst Danda Pani Paudel Nikola Popovic luc Van Gool Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland Institute for Infocomm Research A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Magic Leap Zürich 8050Switzerland

This paper investigates the role of global context for crowd ***,a pure transformer is used to extract features with global information from overlapping image *** by classification,we add a context token to the input sequence,to facilitate information exchange with tokens corresponding to image patches throughout transformer *** to the fact that transformers do not explicitly model the tried-and-true channel-wise interactions,we propose a token-attention module(TAM)to recalibrate encoded features through channel-wise attention informed by the context *** that,it is adopted to predict the total person count of the image through regression-token module(RTM).Extensive experiments on various datasets,including ShanghaiTech,UCFQNRF,JHU-CROWD++and NWPU,demonstrate that the proposed context extraction techniques can significantly improve the performanceover the baselines.

关键词： Crowd counting vision transformer global context attention density map.