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Genetic adaptation as a biological buffer against climate change:Potential and limitations

Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 372-391页

作者： luc de meester Robby STOKS Kristien I.BRANS Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology Evolution and ConservationLeuvenBelgium Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology LeuvenBelgium

Climate change profoundly impacts ecosystems and their biota,resulting in range shifts,novel interactions,food web alterations,changed intensities of host–parasite interactions,and *** increasing number of studies have documented evolutionary changes in traits such as phenology and thermal *** this opinion paper,we argue that,while evolutionary responses have the potential to provide a buffer against extinctions or range shifts,a number of constraints and complexities blur this simple ***,there are limits to evolutionary potential both in terms of genetic variation and demographic effects,and these limits differ strongly among taxa and ***,there can be costs associated with genetic adaptation,such as a reduced evolutionary potential towards other(human-induced)environmental stressors or direct fitness costs due to ***,the differential capacity of taxa to genetically respond to climate change results in novel interactions because different organism groups respond to a different degree with local compared to regional(dispersal and range shift)*** complexities result in additional changes in the selection pressures on *** conclude that evolution can provide an initial buffer against climate change for some taxa and populations but does not guarantee their *** does not necessarily result in reduced extinction risks across the range of taxa in a region or ***,considering evolution is crucial,as it is likely to strongly change how biota will respond to climate change and will impact which taxa will be the winners or losers at the local,metacommunity and regional scales.

关键词： climate change evolutionary rescue evolutionary constraints evolving metacommunities extinction risk range shifts

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The legacy of long distance dispersal: population genetics of Daphnia galeata in China

The legacy of long distance dispersal: population genetics o...

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“全球变化下的海洋与湖沼生态安全”学术交流会

作者： Lei XU Tsegazeabe Hadush Haileselasie Joachim Mergeay Henri Dumont Bo-Ping HAN luc de meester Institute of Hydrobiology Jinan University Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology Evolution and Conservation KU Leuven

Many aquatic organisms have dormant stages in their life history that foster long distance dispersal and potential gene flow. Daphnia galeata is widely distributed in four main river catchments and the Tibetan Plateau across China, nuclear and mitochondrial markers are used to investigate population and genetic structure over vast geographic distances under. We observed evidence the contribution of long distance dispersal as well as genetic isolation in the landscape genetic structure of this species. Eight out of the sixty six observed COI haplotypes were shared among populations in all four catchments. Across the whole data set in China, isolation by distance is observed for both mitochondrial as well as nuclear markers, but it was highly dependent on the presence of the Tibetan populations, which were highly differentiated from the populations in the other catchments. There was a lack of strong signal of catchment for the distribution of mtDNA haplotypes and genetic structure as derived from microsatellite markers, even though the distances covered were substantial（＞3 000 km）. Our data suggest that D. galeata can achieve long distance dispersal and some populations with specific haplotypes can colonize habitats from the temperate to the subtropical zones. There was no strong pattern of genetic differentiation in relation to temperature or altitude when the Tibetan populations are removed from the whole dataset. The populations in the Tibetan plateau stand out and are strongly isolated from any of the others. They have the highest genetic diversity, with up to 14 private haplotypes being found in a single population. Yet, all these haplotypes seem to be derived from one single haplotype, suggesting that these populations are both very old and isolated. Our findings of long distance dispersal in the four catchments combined with high genetic differentiation among populations（mean FST=0.18） are in line with a scenario where population genetic structure is strongly i

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