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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第10期14卷 1506-1512页

作者： Guo-Zheng Fang Jie Lin Lie-Hu Cao Tong-sheng Liu Yu-Hong Ma lu Yang Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Baoshan Luodian HospitalShanghai 201908China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200082China

BACKGROUND Femoral head necrosis(FHN)can significantly affect patients'psychological well-being and functional ***,the long-term relationship between postoperative depression,anxiety,and functional recovery in patients with FHN remains *** To investigate the dynamic changes in postoperative depression and anxiety and their relationship with functional recovery in patients with FHN for 3 *** Ninety-three patients with FHN who underwent surgical treatment in March 2020 to 2023 were enrolled in this longitudinal *** and anxiety status were assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)at baseline,6 months,1,2,and 3 years *** recovery was evaluated using the Harris hip score(HHS).The dynamic changes in HADS and HHS were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA;the relationship between depre-ssion/anxiety status and functional recovery was examined using Pearson’s correlation *** The mean HADS-depression(HADS-D)and HADS-anxiety(HADS-A)scores significantly improved over time(PluSION The severity of depression and anxiety negatively correlated with functional recovery,highlighting the importance of psychological interventions in the management of patients with FHN.

关键词： Femoral head necrosis Postoperative depression Postoperative anxiety Functional recovery Longitudinal study Psychological intervention

冲击速度对单晶镍层裂行为的影响规律及作用机制

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物理学报 2024年第16期73卷 118-129页

作者：王路生罗龙刘浩杨鑫丁军宋鹍路世青黄霞重庆理工大学机械工程学院重庆400054 西南科技大学环境与资源学院绵阳621000

为了阐明冲击速度对单晶镍冲击层裂行为的影响机理,采用非平衡分子动力学方法获得了不同冲击速度下单晶镍自由面的速度、径向分布函数、原子晶体结构、位错和孔洞演化过程.结果表明单晶镍层裂行为的临界冲击速度为1.5 km/s,当冲击速度U_... 详细信息

为了阐明冲击速度对单晶镍冲击层裂行为的影响机理,采用非平衡分子动力学方法获得了不同冲击速度下单晶镍自由面的速度、径向分布函数、原子晶体结构、位错和孔洞演化过程.结果表明单晶镍层裂行为的临界冲击速度为1.5 km/s,当冲击速度U_(p)≤1.5 km/s时,层裂机制为经典层裂损伤,而U_(p)>1.5 km/s时表现出微层裂损伤.相比经典层裂,微层裂下孔洞数量显著增加,分布更为分散,应力区域宽.分析了冲击速度对经典层裂损伤行为(U_(p)≤1.5 km/s)的影响,并获得了相应的层裂强度,当U_(p)=1.3 km/s时,发生层裂强度突变.单晶镍的层裂强度与层错、相变和位错机制共同作用.随着位错形核和发射位错数量增加,导致层裂强度先下降.当冲击速度U_(p)1.3 km/s,层裂强度主要由BCC相变机制影响,其相变机制为相变路径为FCC→BCT→BCC的马氏体相变机制.本文揭示了冲击速度对层裂损伤和断裂影响规律及作用机制,可为镍基材料在极端冲击条件下的防护应用提供理论基础.

关键词：冲击速度单晶镍层裂相变分子动力学

Advances of Pipeline Model Parallelism for Deep Learning Training:An Overview

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 567-584页

作者：关磊李东升梁吉业王文剑葛可适卢锡城 College of Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China CCF IEEE

Deep learning has become the cornerstone of artificial intelligence,playing an increasingly important role in human production and ***,as the complexity of problem-solving increases,deep learning models become increasingly intricate,resulting in a proliferation of large language models with an astonishing number of *** model parallelism(PMP)has emerged as one of the mainstream approaches to addressing the significant challenge of training“big models”.This paper presents a comprehensive review of *** covers the basic concepts and main challenges of *** also comprehensively compares synchronous and asynchronous pipeline schedules for PMP approaches,and discusses the main techniques to achieve load balance for both intra-node and inter-node ***,the main techniques to optimize computation,storage,and communication are presented,with potential research directions being discussed.

关键词： deep learning pipeline schedule load balance multi-GPU system pipeline model parallelism(PMP)

3D打印导板技术在脊柱外科的应用现状与展望

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中华解剖与临床杂志 2024年第5期29卷 283-288页

作者：陆声辛欣云南省第一人民医院骨科/昆明理工大学附属医院骨科/云南省数字骨科重点实验室昆明650032 陕西省安康市中心医院数字骨科中心安康725000

脊柱区域解剖结构复杂,毗邻脊髓神经、血管,使得脊柱外科手术过程中置钉、截骨的偏移可能导致灾难性后果。3D打印导板技术的应用为脊柱外科手术操作提供一种个性化、精准化、数字化的方案。通过术前计算机辅助设计螺钉路径、截骨范围,... 详细信息

脊柱区域解剖结构复杂,毗邻脊髓神经、血管,使得脊柱外科手术过程中置钉、截骨的偏移可能导致灾难性后果。3D打印导板技术的应用为脊柱外科手术操作提供一种个性化、精准化、数字化的方案。通过术前计算机辅助设计螺钉路径、截骨范围,术中通过导板执行引导,提高了置钉与截骨的准确性,减少了手术的并发症。本文介绍3D打印导板技术在脊柱外科的发展历史和临床应用现状,论述导板的局限性及其可能的发展方向。

关键词：脊柱外科手术,计算机辅助三维打印手术导板截骨椎弓根螺钉

上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔诊室建设情况调查及城郊差异分析

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中华全科医师杂志 2024年第3期23卷 251-257页

作者：陈斌徐先国盛璐上海市闵行区华漕社区卫生服务中心上海201107 上海市浦东新区张江社区卫生服务中心上海201210 上海市口腔医院口腔颌面外科上海200237

目的了解上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔诊室的建设情况及城郊差异。方法该研究为横断面研究。于2023年3月10—17日,采用问卷调查的形式通过自行设计的《上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔诊疗服务能力调查表》,收集上海市249家社区卫生服务中心... 详细信息

目的了解上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔诊室的建设情况及城郊差异。方法该研究为横断面研究。于2023年3月10—17日,采用问卷调查的形式通过自行设计的《上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔诊疗服务能力调查表》,收集上海市249家社区卫生服务中心的口腔诊室相关信息,根据上海市卫生统计年鉴的分区类型分为中心城区、近郊地区、远郊地区3类,从口腔诊室基本设施、开展的临床诊疗项目、人员结构等方面比较城郊差异情况。结果调查有效问卷回收率为100.0%(249/249)。(1)全市249家社区卫生服务中心中,220家设置了口腔诊室(88.4%),29家(11.6%)未设置,近郊地区、中心城区和远郊地区设置了口腔诊室的社区卫生服务中心占比分别为98.2%(107/109)、95.0%(76/80)和61.7%(37/60),近郊地区>中心城区>远郊地区(H=35.44,P中心城区>远郊地区(H=25.07,P中心城区>远郊地区(H=66.35、50.33、11.19、42.17,均P<0.05)。结论上海市社区卫生服务中心口腔服务能力具备一定的基础,但中心城区、近郊地区和远郊地区差异较大,其中近郊地区发展较好,中心城区在建筑面积等方面需要加强,远郊在设施设备、人才队伍方面需要加强。

关键词：社区卫生服务问卷调查口腔保健牙科诊室

Direct measurement of the break-out ^(19)F(p,γ)^(20)Ne reaction in the China Jinping underground laboratory(CJPL)

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 142-152页

作者： yin‑Ji Chen Hao Zhang Li‑Yong Zhang Jian‑Jun He Richard James deBoer Michael Wiescher Alexander Heger David Kahl Jun Su Daniel Odell Xin‑Yue Li Jian‑Guo Wang Long Zhang Fu‑Qiang Cao Zhi‑Cheng Zhang Xin‑Zhi Jiang luo‑Huan Wang Zi‑Ming Li lu‑Yang Song Liang‑Ting Sun Qi Wu Jia‑Qing Li Bao‑Qun Cui Li‑Hua Chen Rui‑Gang Ma Er‑Tao Li Gang Lian Yao‑De sheng Zhi‑Hong Li Bing Guo Wei‑Ping Liu Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of the Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Physics and Astronomy The Joint Institute for Nuclear AstrophysicsUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA School of Physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Science Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion‑Beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Mathematics and Physics Handan UniversityHandan 056005China

Calcium production and the stellar evolution of first-generation stars remain fascinating mysteries in *** one possible nucleosynthesis scenario,break-out from the hot carbon–nitrogen–oxygen(HCNO)cycle was thought to be the source of the calcium observed in these oldest ***,according to the stellar modeling,a nearly tenfold increase in the thermonuclear rate ratio of the break-out ^(19)F(p,γ)^(20) Ne reaction with respect to the competing ^(19)F(p,α)^(16) O back-processing reaction is required to reproduce the observed calcium *** performed a direct measurement of this break-out reaction at the China Jinping underground *** measurement was performed down to the low-energy limit of E_(c.m.)=186 keV in the center-of-mass *** key resonance was observed at 225.2 keV for the first *** a temperature of approximately 0.1 GK,this new resonance enhanced the thermonuclear ^(19)F(p,γ)^(20) Ne rate by up to a factor of≈7.4,compared with the previously recommended NACRE *** is of particular interest to the study of the evolution of the first stars and implies a stronger breakdown in their“warm”CNO cycle through the ^(19)F(p,γ)^(20) Ne reaction than previously *** break-out resulted in the production of the calcium observed in the oldest stars,enhancing our understanding of the evolution of the first stars.

关键词： Nuclear astrophysics First stars Abundance of calcium Reaction cross section Reaction rate China Jinping underground laboratory(CJPL) JUNA

云苓延承与安苓兴起:清代地方志史料中茯苓产区及道地产区分析

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中国中药杂志 2024年第7期49卷 1981-1988页

作者：姜云璐彭华胜黄璐琦中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室北京100700 中医药文物研究国家文物局重点科研基地(中国中医科学院中药研究所) 北京100700

清代有丰富的地方志资料,为研究药材的生产提供了丰富的文献史料。该文整理了清代地方志中的茯苓相关内容,初步复原了清代茯苓在全国的分布情况。清代地方志中茯苓的分布涉及到23个省的318个清代县级区域。云南、安徽、湖南、浙江、福... 详细信息

清代有丰富的地方志资料,为研究药材的生产提供了丰富的文献史料。该文整理了清代地方志中的茯苓相关内容,初步复原了清代茯苓在全国的分布情况。清代地方志中茯苓的分布涉及到23个省的318个清代县级区域。云南、安徽、湖南、浙江、福建、江西、陕西、湖北等省份均有较多分布记录。清代地方志史料表明云南是茯苓的道地产区,与明清本草所述一致。安徽大别山区在清代茯苓品质优良,为新兴道地产区,习称“安苓”。安苓的发展,得益于从云南引进种植技术,并探索出特色的栽培技术,形成了包括种植、加工、售卖的完整茯苓产业链。清代地方志中茯苓史料非常丰富,不仅为道地产区的变迁提供了文献依据,也为福建、江西、湖南等重要的现代茯苓产区发展提供了历史脉络。除产区信息外,地方志还记录了各地茯苓品质、商品评价、栽培技法等内容,填补了本草古籍中的空白,为了解清代茯苓的产地与生产应用提供了翔实史料。

关键词：茯苓地方志清代道地药材产区

基于主成分分析和宽度学习系统的土壤铅镉重金属元素定量分析

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光谱学与光谱分析 2024年第7期44卷 1852-1857页

作者：吕树彬杨婉琪李福生电子科技大学自动化工程学院四川成都611731 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) 浙江湖州313001

在土壤重金属元素定量分析研究中,X射线荧光分析(XRF)是一种有效的无损分析技术。由于受到矩阵效应以及元素干扰的影响,已有的机器学习方法在利用土壤XRF光谱预测铅(Pb)元素、镉(Cd)元素浓度时存在性能不足和不稳定的问题。该工作提出... 详细信息

在土壤重金属元素定量分析研究中,X射线荧光分析(XRF)是一种有效的无损分析技术。由于受到矩阵效应以及元素干扰的影响,已有的机器学习方法在利用土壤XRF光谱预测铅(Pb)元素、镉(Cd)元素浓度时存在性能不足和不稳定的问题。该工作提出了基于主成分分析(PCA)结合宽度学习系统(BLS)的XRF土壤重金属元素定量分析方法(PCA-BLS),用于精确、高效、稳定测定土壤中Pb元素和Cd元素的浓度。使用PCA对56个标准土壤数据进行特征降维,并选取Pb和Cd的前3个主成分作为特征。将最优主成分特征输入宽度学习系统进行校正和测试,并使用网格搜索算法确定最佳网络结构。其中Pb元素和Cd元素对应的BLS的三个最优参数值分别为2,11,11和3,19,15。使用支持向量回归(SVR)、BP神经网络和原始BLS三种模型与PCA-BLS方法进行对比。PCA-BLS在测定Pb对应的决定系数R^(2)、均方根误差RMSE和平均绝对百分比误差MAPE三个指标上取得了0.954、1.433、1.014的结果,在定量Cd实验中取得R^(2)为0.982、RMSE为1.215和MAPE为1.059的精度。网格搜索可视化表明PCA-BLS在预测两种重金属元素时具有稳定的性能。实验结果表明,PCA-BLS可以有效校正土壤XRF光谱中的矩阵效应和干扰,在准确预测Pb和Cd元素浓度的同时保持模型稳定性,是一种具有潜力的XRF光谱定量分析方法。

关键词：土壤重金属 XRF定量分析宽度学习系统主成分分析

Detector performance of the Gamma-ray Transient Monitor onboard DRO-A satellite

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 75-90页

作者： Pei-Yi Feng Zheng-Hua An Da-Li Zhang Chen-Wei Wang Chao Zheng sheng Yang Shao-Lin Xiong Jia-Cong Liu Xin-Qiao Li Ke Gong Xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao Xiang-Yang Wen Ya-Qing Liu Xiao-Yun Zhao Fan Zhang Xi-Lei Sun Hong lu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Gamma-ray Transient Monitor(GTM) is an all-sky monitor onboard the Distant Retrograde Orbit-A(DRO-A) satellite with the scientific objective of detecting gamma-ray transients ranging from 20 ke V to 1 MeV. The GTM was equipped with five Gamma-ray Transient Probe(GTP) detector modules utilizing a NaI(Tl) scintillator coupled with a SiPM array. To reduce the SiPM noise, GTP uses a dedicated dual-channel coincident readout design. In this work, we first studied the impact of different coincidence times on the detection efficiency and ultimately selected a 0.5 μs time coincidence window for offline data processing. To test the performance of the GTPs and validate the Monte-Carlo-simulated energy response, we conducted comprehensive ground calibration tests using the Hard X-ray Calibration Facility(HXCF) and radioactive sources, including the energy response, detection efficiency, spatial response, bias-voltage response, and temperature dependence. We extensively present the ground calibration results and validate the design and mass model of the GTP detector, thus providing the foundation for in-flight observations and scientific data analysis.

关键词： NaI(Tl)detector energy response ground calibration gamma-ray detector DRO-A satellite

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Multidimensional hollow SiO_(2)/C nanofibers modified by magnetic nanocrystals for electromagnetic energy conversion and lithium battery storage

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7301-7314页

作者： Chen Han Qi Zheng Juncheng Jin Jiajia Zhang Wen-Qiang Cao Kun Xiang Min Zhang Mao-sheng Cao Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringWest Anhui UniversityLu’an 237012China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Multifunctional materials are powerful tools to support the advancement of energy conversion *** with prominent electromagnetic and electrochemical properties can realize the conversion of electromagnetic energy and solve the subsequent storage ***,an electrospinning-thermal reduction method is employed to construct ultrafine nickel nanoparticle modified porous SiO_(2)/C(Ni-SiO_(2)/C)hollow nanofibers as promising materials for applications in both electromagnetic wave absorption(EMA)and lithium-ion ***,when used as an EMA material,the reflection loss(RL)of Ni-SiO_(2)/C can reach−47.8 dB at 15.8 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.2 *** excellent microwave absorption performance can be attributed to the enhanced conduction loss,polarization relaxation,synergistic magnetic loss,and preferred impedance matching,which result from multi-component magnetic/dielectric synergy and the unique interconnected multidimensional hollow ***,the electronic conductivity and electrochemical activity of the samples are significantly enhanced due to the uniform distribution of ultrafine Ni nanoparticles in the amorphous SiO_(2)/C ***,the hierarchical hollow porous structure provides sufficient free space for volume change during lithiation/delithiation ***,the Ni-SiO_(2)/C nanocomposite exhibits a high reversible capacity of 917.6 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.1 A·g^(−1).At a high current density of 2 A·g^(−1),a capacity of 563.9 mAh·g^(−1)can be maintained after 300 *** energy conversion-storage device is designed to store waste electromagnetic energy in the form of useful electrical *** work inspires the development of high-performance bifunctional materials.

关键词： Ni-SiO_(2)/C nanofiber electromagnetic absorption lithium-ion storage electrospinning multidimensional structure