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From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua lu Jun Shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang Chen Ding Zhang Tao Wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

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High-speed measurement of thickness of a water film formed by a jet obliquely impinging onto a plate using an LED-induced fluorescence method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第12期36卷 185-201页

作者： Hongzhou ZHANG yong HUANG Weiwei YUAN lu LI Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

A transient thickness distribution measured with a high temporal resolution is elemental for exploring the flow characteristics and mechanism of a liquid film formed by an impinging ***,this paper develops a high-speed Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Fluorescence(LEDIF)system based on the brightness measured directly above the liquid *** Ultraviolet(UV)LED lamp is used to provide sufficient and continuous excitation ***,a system performance analysis proves that the system can continuously measure the global film thickness at a high acquisition frequency of 5000 Hz when the dye concentration is 200 mg/*** influence of the irregularity of the excitation intensity,including the spatial non-uniformity,temporal instability,and long-term instability,on the measurement uncertainty is analyzed in *** analysis indicates that the system has an acceptable uncertainty of 10%.Compared with theoretical results,experimental results verify that the LEDIF system can accurately measure the global thickness of a liquid film formed by a water jet obliquely impinging onto a *** experimental investigation of the radial section of the raised zone demonstrates that the radial section changes from a sewing needle to an oval when the azimuth angle increases from 10°to 90°.Meanwhile,the dynamic contact angle exponentially decreases from 41.4°to 30.1°.A dynamic analysis of surface waves shows that the measured wave velocity decreases from 12 m/s to 1 m/s and the dominant frequency decreases from 1000 Hz to 10 Hz along the flow direction.

关键词： Film thickness LED-induced fluorescence Liquid films High-speed measurement Plate impingement jet

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Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex participate in the comorbidity of pain and emotion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2838-2854页

作者： lu Guan Mengting Qiu Na Li Zhengxiang Zhou Ru Ye Liyan Zhong Yashuang Xu Junhui Ren Yi Liang Xiaomei Shao Jianqiao Fang Junfan Fang Junying Du Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Fuchun Community Health Service Center of Fuyang District HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and *** of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid *** review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain *** understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these ***,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain *** is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or *** exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.

关键词： anterior cingulate cortex anxiety chronic pain circuit communication comorbidity depression gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons parvalbumin neurons synaptic transmission

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High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2611-2623页

作者： Mengshi Yang Miao Bai Yuan Zhuang Shenghua lu Qianqian Ge Hao Li Yu Deng Hongbin Wu Xiaojian Xu Fei Niu Xinlong Dong Bin Zhang Baiyun Liu Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurotrauma and Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center for Nerve Injury and Repair Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina

Although microglial polarization and neuroinflammation are crucial cellular responses after traumatic brain injury,the fundamental regulatory and functional mechanisms remain insufficiently *** potent anti-inflammato ry agents,the use of glucoco rticoids in traumatic brain injury is still controversial,and their regulatory effects on microglial polarization are not yet *** the present study,we sought to determine whether exacerbation of traumatic brain injury caused by high-dose dexamethasone is related to its regulatory effects on microglial polarization and its mechanisms of *** vitro cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia and a controlled cortical impact mouse model were used to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on microglial ***,dexamethasone,RU486(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist),and ruxolitinib(a Janus kinase 1 antagonist)were ***-sequencing data obtained from a C57BL/6 mouse model of traumatic brain injury were used to identify potential targets of *** Morris water maze,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis,and TUNEL,Nissl,and Golgi staining were performed to investigate our ***-throughput sequencing results showed that arginase 1,a marker of M2 microglia,was significantly downregulated in the dexamethasone group compared with the traumatic brain injury group at3 days post-traumatic brain *** dexamethasone inhibited M1 and M2 microglia,with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on M2microglia in vitro and in *** receptor plays an indispensable role in microglial polarization after dexamethasone treatment following traumatic brain ***,glucocorticoid receptor activation increased the number of apoptotic cells and neuronal death,and also decreased the density of dendritic spines.A possible downstream receptor signaling mechanism is th

关键词： apoptosis BV2 microglia dexamethasone glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoids innate immune system microglial polarization neuroinflammation primary microglia traumatic brain injury

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Acoustic emission study of the plastic deformation of quenched and partitioned 35CrMnSiA steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第12期21卷 1196-1204页

作者： Yang Li Gui-yong Xiao lu-bin Chen Yu-peng lu Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education of Chin Shandong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University

Acoustic emission （AE） monitored tensile tests were performed on 35CrMnSiA steel subjected to different heat treatments. The results showed that quenching and partitioning （Q-P） heat treatments enhanced the combined mechanical properties of high strength and high ductility for commercial 35CrMnSiA steel, as compared with traditional heat treatments such as quenching and tempering （Q-T） and austempering （AT）. AE signals with high amplitude and high energy were produced during the tensile deformation of 35CrMnSiA steel with retained austenite （RA） in the microstructure （obtained via Q-P and AT heat treatments） due to an austenite-to-martensite phase transformation. Moreover, additional AE signals would not appear again and the mechanical properties would degenerate to a lower level once RA degenerated by tempering for the Q-P treated steel.

关键词： low alloy steels plastic deformation heat treatment acoustic emissions martensitic transformations

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Recent progress in NIR-Ⅱ emitting lanthanide-based nanoparticles and their biological applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第5期38卷 451-463页

作者： Suwan Ding Lingfei lu yong Fan Fan Zhang Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChemFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ,1000-1700 nm)window provides a superior optical platform with high resolution,deep penetration and high signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs),which results from the intrinsic low scattering and auto fluorescence in biological *** one of the promising NIR-Ⅱemitting probes,lanthanide based nanoparticles(LnNPs)exhibit high photo stability and chemostability,long photoluminescence lifetimes,low long-term cytotoxicity and narrow emission *** these merits have spurred the evolution of related bio-optics and a variety of biomedical applications of *** mini-review discusses the most recent advances in both the design-the composition and surface modifications-and the applications of NIR-Ⅱemitting LnNPs in bioimaging,disease diagnosis and *** also summarize the current limits and challenges facing the applications of LnNPs as well as discuss the directions of future development.

关键词： Lanthanide nanoparticles Second near infrared window Fluorescence imaging Diagnose Therapy Rare earths

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Research and development on hypervelocity impact protection using Whipple shield:An overview

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1864-1886页

作者： Ken Wen Xiao-wei Chen yong-gang lu State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Institute of Systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyangSichuan621999China

Whipple shield,a dual-wall system,as well as its improved structures,is widely applied to defend the hypervelocity impact of space debris(projectile).This paper reviews the studies about the mechanism and process of protection against hypervelocity impacts using Whipple ***-based experiment and numerical simulation for hypervelocity impact and protection are introduced *** steps of the Whipple shield protection are discussed in order,including the interaction between the projectile and bumper,the movement and diffusion of the debris cloud,and the interaction between the debris cloud and rear *** improvements of the protection performance focusing on these three steps are *** works in the last decade are mentioned *** prospects and suggestions for future studies are put forward.

关键词： Space debris Hypervelocity impact Debris cloud Whipple shield Ballistic limit

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Towards low emissions and high thermal efficiency of gasoline compression ignition engine under high loads by modulating the fuel reactivity and injection strategy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 96-104页

作者： JIANG ChenXu LI ZiLong QIAN yong lu XingCai Key Lab for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Gasoline compression ignition(GCI) is a practicable way to obtain low emissions and high thermal efficiency of gasoline-like fuels in internal combustion engines. In this paper, the research octane number(RON) and injection strategy were coordinated to optimize the GCI engine performance and emissions under high loads. The direct injection and port injection were used to achieve two injection strategies: direct injection(DI) and port injection plus direct injection(PIDI), and the primary reference fuels(PRF) with the RON of 60, 70, 80 and 90 were used. The results show that using lower RON fuels under high loads, DI mode can achieve higher efficiency, while PIDI mode can achieve lower combustion noise at an expense of slightly lower fuel economy. When the DI mode is converted to PIDI mode with a pre-injection ratio of 30%, using PRF70 under 12 bar and the exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) rate of 40%, the gross indicated thermal efficiency and the maximum pressure rise rate are reduced by 1% and by 2 bar/°CA, respectively, while the particle emissions also decrease significantly, thus achieving low emissions and high efficiency. However, under the same load and EGR rate, DI mode produces less regulated and unregulated emissions than PIDI mode. In addition, the effect of fuel RON was obvious, the lower RON fuels exhibit obvious three-stage heat release in PIDI mode, however, PRF90 with higher RON only exhibits two-stage heat release, and the peak value of the firststage heat release rate is also lower than those of other fuels.

关键词： gasoline compression ignition regulated and unregulated emissions injection strategy particle emissions fuel reactivity

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Hot deformation behavior of Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C lightweight steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第4期30卷 734-743页

作者： Haitao lu Dazhao Li Siyuan Li yong’an Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Hot compression tests were performed to investigate the hot deformation behavior of Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C lightweight steel and optimize the hot workability parameters. The temperature range was 900–1150℃ and the strain rate range was 0.01–5 s^(-1)on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator machine. The results showed that the flow stress increased with decreasing deformation temperature and increasing strain rate. According to the constitutive equation, the activation energy of hot deformation was 422.88 kJ·mol^(-1). The relationship between the critical stress and peak stress of the tested steel was established, and a dynamic recrystallization kinetic model was thus obtained. Based on this model, the effects of strain rate and deformation temperature on the volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized grains were explored. The microstructural examination and processing map results revealed that the tested steel exhibited a good hot workability at deformation temperatures of 1010–1100℃ and strain rate of 0.01 s^(-1).

关键词： Fe–Mn–Al–C steel hot deformation activation energy microstructural evolution processing map

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Polaronic Electron-Phonon Interactions on the Third-Harmonic Generation in a Square Quantum Well

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第1期45卷 171-174页

作者： lu Zhi-En GUO kang-Xian Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Guihuagang Campus Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510405 China

The influence of electron-phonon interactions on third-harmonic generation in a square quantum well is investigated. The first- and third-harmonic generation coefficient is obtained by using compact-density-matrix approach and iterative method, and the numerical results are presented for a GaAs square quantum well. The results show that the third-harmonic generation coefficient is obviously enhanced after considering the influence of electron-phonon interactions.

关键词： electron-phonon interactions third-harmonic generation nonlinearity

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