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Recent Advances in Cobalt-Catalyzed Regio-or Stereoselective Hydrofunctionalization of Alkenes and Alkynes

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1130-1156页

作者： Yan Li xi lu Yao Fu Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant ConversionAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean EnergyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026

Hydrofunctionalization of alkenes and alkynes is increasingly important in preparing and modifying carbon-centered organic molecules such as pharmaceuticals,agrochemicals,andmaterial *** development of transition-metal-catalysts has revolutionized the hydrofunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons,greatly improving the synthetic efficiency and selectivity of these *** recent years,notable progress has been achieved in low-cost metal-catalyzed alkene and alkyne hydrofunctionalization reactions following the utilization of traditional precious metal catalysts,including palladium,platinum,and ***-abundant cobalt catalysts,which are low in toxicity and exhibit unique reactivity and selectivity,are widely implemented in academic and industrial *** this review,we highlight recent examples of cobalt-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of alkenes and alkynes to provide an overview of hydrofunctionalization methods,particularly hydroalkylation *** reactions greatly expand the scope and utility of cobalt-catalyzed couplings of carbon—carbon *** also highlight the mechanistic considerations and selective determinants *** hope our discussion will be informative for future developments in cobalt catalysis and hydrofunctionalization reactions.

关键词： hydrofunctionalization cobalt-catalysis alkene alkyne regioselectivity stereoselectivity

Development and parentage analysis of SNP markers for Chestnut-vented Nuthatch(Sitta nagaensis)based on ddRAD-seq data

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 271-278页

作者： Qingmiao Yuan xi lu Ruixin Mo xianyin Xu Xu luo Yubao Duan Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of EducationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China College of Forestry Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Administration of Zixi Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve Chuxiong 675008China

Extra-pair paternity(EPP)is commonly found in socially monogamous birds,especially in small passerine birds,and there are interspecific and intraspecific variations in the extent of *** Chestnut-vented Nuthatch(Sitta nagaensis)is a socially monogamous passerine bird,and verifying whether this species has EPP relies on parentage *** is not known to have *** this study,we developed SNP markers of this species that are informative for parentage analysis from double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing(ddRAD-seq)data.A panel consisting of 50 SNP markers,with a mean heterozygosity of 0.343,was used to resolve 95% of nestlings to *** combined exclusion probabilities for the first parent and second parent were 0.991 and 0.9999,*** panel of SNP markers is a powerful tool for parentage assignments in *** addition,we found that three offspring(7.9%)from three nests(23.1%)were the result of extra-pair fertilization out of 38 offspring in 13 *** study provided information on parentage analysis that has not been reported before in *** also supplemented the understudied EPP behavior of birds in Asia,contributing to a general understanding of the EPP behaviors of birds.

关键词： Chestnut-vented Nuthatch ddRAD sequencing Extra-pair paternity Parentage analysis SNPs

Antibodies Targeting a Conserved Surface Polysaccharide Are Protective Against a Wide Range of Microbial Pathogens Producing β-1-6-Linked Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine(PNAG)

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 69-76页

作者： xi lu Guoqing Li Jing Pang xinyi Yang Colette Cywes-Bentley Xuefu You Gerald B.Pier Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

The b-1-6-linked poly-N-acetylglucosamine(PNAG)polymer is a conserved surface polysaccharide produced by many bacteria,fungi,and protozoan(and even filarial)*** wide-ranging expression makes PNAG an attractive target for vaccine development,as it potentially encompasses a broad range of *** progress has been made in discovering important properties of the biology of PNAG expression in recent *** molecular characterization and regulation of operons for the production of PNAG biosynthetic proteins and enzymes have been studied in many *** addition,the physiological function of PNAG has been further ***-based vaccines and PNAG-targeting antibodies have shown great efficacy in preclinical ***,clinical tests for both vaccines and antibodies have been carried out in humans and economically important animals,and the results are *** it is not destined to be a smooth road,we are optimistic about new vaccines and immunotherapeutics targeting PNAG becoming validated and eventually licensed for clinical use against multiple infectious agents.

关键词： Poly-N-acetylglucosamine Conjugate vaccine Monoclonal antibody

Probing the interaction between asphaltene-wax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy oil via molecular dynamics simulation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2839-2848页

作者： Yong Hu xi lu Hai-Bo Wang Ji-Chao Fang Yi-Ning Wu Jian Fang Sun SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China)

High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in *** the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax is crucial to solve these problems,but it is still *** this paper,molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between asphaltenewax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy *** show that molecules in pure wax are arranged in a paralleled *** wax molecules in heavy oil,which are close to the surface of asphaltene aggregates,are bent and arranged *** the mass fraction of asphaltenes in asphaltene-wax system(ωasp) is 0-25 wt%,the attraction among wax molecules decreases and the bend degree of wax molecules increases with the increase of ω*** ωaspincreases from 0 to 25 wt%,and the attraction between asphaltene-wax is stronger than that among *** causes that the wax precipitation point changes from 353 to 333 *** the ωaspincreases to 50 wt%,wax molecules are more dispersed owing to the steric hindrance of asphaltene aggregates,and the interaction among wax molecules transforms from attraction to *** causes that the ordered crystal structure of waxes can't be formed at normal ***,the asphaltene,with the higher molecular weight or the more hetero atoms,has more obvious inhibition to the formation of wax ***,resins also have an obvious inhibition on the wax crystal due to the formation of asphalteneresin aggregates with a larger *** results reveal the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax,and provide useful guidelines for the development of heavy oil.

关键词： Heavy oil Interaction mechanism Asphaltenes Waxes Molecular dynamics

SERPINH1 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1890-1907页

作者： xiao-Sheng Jin lu-xi Chen Ting-Ting Ji Rong-Zhou Li Department of Gastroenterology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityRuian 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Serpin peptidase inhibitor clade H member 1(SERPINH1)was initially recognized as an oncogene implicated in various human ***,the clinical relevance and functional implications of SERPINH1 in colorectal cancer(CRC)remain largely *** To investigate the effects of SERPINH1 on CRC cells and its specific *** Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,western blotting analysis,The Cancer Genome Atlas data mining and immunohistochemistry were employed to examine SERPINH1 expression in CRC cell lines and tissues.A series of in-vitro assays were performed to demonstrate the function of SERPINH1 and its possible mechanisms in *** SERPINH1 demonstrated elevated expression levels in both CRC cells and tissues,manifested at both mRNA and protein *** SERPINH1 levels correlated closely with advanced T stage,lymph node involvement,and distant metastasis,exhibiting a significant association with poorer overall survival among CRC *** investigations unveiled that SERPINH1 overexpression notably bolstered CRC cell proliferation,invasion,and migration in vitro,while conversely,SERPINH1 knockdown elicited the opposite *** set enrichment analysis underscored a correlation between SERPINH1 upregulation and genes associated with cell cycle *** findings underscored the capacity of heightened SERPINH1 levels to expedite G1/S phase cell cycle progression via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway activation,thereby facilitating CRC cell invasion and *** These findings imply a crucial involvement of SERPINH1 in the advancement and escalation of CRC,potentially positioning it as a novel candidate for prognostic assessment and therapeutic intervention in CRC management.

关键词： Serpin peptidase inhibitor clade H member 1 Colorectal cancer Proliferation Cell cycle Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin

Oxidation behavior of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)particles in the air:Nonisothermal kinetic and reaction mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1839-1848页

作者： Junyi xiang xi lu luwei Bai Hongru Rao Sheng Liu Qingyun Huang Shengqin Zhang Guishang Pei Xuewei Lü School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Rep.of Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

High-temperature oxidation behavior of ferrovanadium(FeV_(2)O_(4))and ferrochrome(FeCr_(2)O_(4))spinels is crucial for the application of spinel as an energy material,as well as for the clean usage of high-chromium vanadium ***,the nonisothermal oxidation behavior of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction was examined by thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction(XRD)at heating rates of 5,10,and 15 K/*** apparent activation energy was determined by the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)method,whereas the mechanism function was elucidated by the Malek ***,in-situ XRD was conducted to deduce the phase transformation of the oxidation mechanism for FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4).The results reveal a gradual increase in the overall apparent activation energies for FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)during *** stages of the oxidation process are observed based on the oxidation conversion rate of each *** oxidation mechanisms of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)are complex and have distinct *** particular,the chemical reaction controls the entire oxidation process for FeV_(2)O_(4),whereas that for FeCr_(2)O_(4)transitions from a three-dimensional diffusion model to a chemical reaction *** to the in-situ XRD results,numerous intermediate products are observed during the oxidation process of both compounds,eventually resulting in the final products FeVO_(4)and V2O_(5)for FeV_(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)for FeCr_(2)O_(4),respectively.

关键词： FeV_(2)O_(4) FeCr_(2)O_(4) oxidation nonisothermal kinetics mechanism

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Update on evidence-based clinical application of sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors:Insight to uncommon cardiovascular disease scenarios in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1461-1476页

作者： Shi-Bing Tao xi lu Zi-Wei Ye Nan-Wei Tong Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Research Centre for Diabetes and Metabolism West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Ziyang Central HospitalZiyang 641300Sichuan ProvinceChina

In this paper,we concentrate on updating the clinical research on sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors(SGLTis)for patients with type 2 diabetes who have heart failure with a preserved injection fraction,acute heart failure,atrial fibrillation,primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease/cardiovascular disease,and acute myocardial *** searched the data of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses of SGLTis in patients with diabetes from PubMed between January 1,2020 and April 6,2024 for our *** to our review,certain SGLTis(empagliflozin,dapagliflozin,canagliflozin,and tofogliflozin),but not sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 inhibitor(SGLT1i),exhibit relatively superior clinical safety and effectiveness for treating the abovementioned *** utilization of SGLTis in these patients can foster clinical improvement and offer an alternative medication ***,clinical trials involving SGLTis for certain diseases have relatively small sample sizes,brief intervention durations,and conclusions based on weak evidence,necessitating additional *** findings are significant and valuable for providing a more comprehensive reference and new possibilities for the clinical utilization and scientific exploration of SGLTis.

关键词： Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors Diabetes Heart failure Atrial fibrillation Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular disease Acute myocardial infarction

AI for science: Predicting infectious diseases

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第2期5卷 130-146页

作者： Alexis Pengfei Zhao Shuangqi Li Zhidong Cao Paul Jen-Hwa Hu Jiaojiao Wang Yue xiang Da xie xi lu Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100090China Systems Engineering Cornll UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA David Eccles School of Business the University of UtahUtahUSA Collge of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChina Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The global health landscape has been persistently challenged by the emergence and re-emergence of infectious *** epidemiological models,rooted in the early 2oth century,have provided foundational in-sights into disease ***,the intricate web of modern global interactions and the exponential growth of available data demand more advanced predictive *** is where AI for Science(AI4S)comes into play,offering a transformative approach by integrating artificial intelligence(Al)into infectious disease *** paper elucidates the pivotal role of AI4s in enhancing and,in some instances,superseding tradi-tional epidemiological *** harnessing AI's capabilities,AI4S facilitates real-time monitoring,sophisticated data integration,and predictive modeling with enhanced *** comparative analysis highlights the stark contrast between conventional models and the innovative strategies enabled by *** essence,Al4S represents a paradigm shift in infectious disease *** addresses the limitations of traditional models and paves the way for a more proactive and informed response to future *** we navigate the complexities of global health challenges,Al4S stands as a beacon,signifying the next phase of evolution in disease prediction,characterized by increased accuracy,adaptability,and efficiency.

关键词： AI for science(AI4S) Data integration Global healthchallenges Infectious disease prediction Predictive modeling Real-timemonitoring

Noninvasive Diagnostic Technique for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Features of Tongue Images

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期30卷 203-212页

作者： WANG Rong-rui CHEN Jia-liang DUAN Shao-jie lu Ying-xi CHEN Ping ZHOU Yuan-chen YAO Shu-kun Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing100029China Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing100029China Center of Integrative Medicine Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100015China Nanjing Linkwah Micro-electronics Institute Beijing100191China Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine Beijing100029China

Objective:To investigate a new noninvasive diagnostic model for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) based on features of tongue ***:Healthy controls and volunteers confirmed to have NAFLD by liver ultrasound were recruited from China-Japan Friendship Hospital between September 2018 and May 2019,then the anthropometric indexes and sampled tongue images were *** tongue images were labeled by features,based on a brief protocol,without knowing any other clinical data,after a series of corrections and data *** algorithm was trained on images using labels and several anthropometric indexes for inputs,utilizing machine learning ***,a logistic regression algorithm and a decision tree model were constructed as 2 diagnostic models for ***:A total of 720 subjects were enrolled in this study,including 432 patients with NAFLD and 288 healthy *** them,482 were randomly allocated into the training set and 238 into the validation *** diagnostic model based on logistic regression exhibited excellent performance:in validation set,it achieved an accuracy of 86.98%,sensitivity of 91.43%,and specificity of 80.61%;with an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.93 [95% confidence interval(CI) 0.68–0.98].The decision tree model achieved an accuracy of 81.09%,sensitivity of 91.43%,and specificity of 66.33%;with an AUC of 0.89(95% CI 0.66–0.92) in validation ***:The features of tongue images were associated with *** the 2 diagnostic models,which would be convenient,noninvasive,lightweight,rapid,and inexpensive technical references for early screening,can accurately distinguish NAFLD and are worth further study.

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease noninvasive diagnosis tongue image tongue diagnosis Chinese medicine machine learning