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Application of GIS technology in chemical emergency response

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第2期12卷 47-52页

作者： Wang, Gui-Lian lu, yong-long Xu, Jian Sino-Canadian High-tech Center of Resources and Environment Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Responding to concerns raised by the Bhopal accident, more and more attention has been paid to local emergency, especially chemical emergency, prevention and planning worldwide, and many chemical emergency response systems for public response personnel have been built. With the successful application of geographical information system (GIS) technology in many fields, GIS can be an efficient tool for effective response to chemical emergencies. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the application of GIS technology in emergency response. Typical GIS technology is simply introduced and some of its existing applications to emergency, mainly natural disaster, response are summarized. Spatial data and spatial analysis requirements for chemical monitoring and emergency response are also discussed in detail. Finally a chemical monitoring and emergency response system under development by combining GIS and expert system for both chemical distribution centers and public response personnel is presented.

关键词： GIS chemical emergency emergency response chemical management expert system CLC number: X14 Document code: A

Exploration of relationships between phytoplankton biomass and related environmental variables using multivariate statistic analysis in a eutrophic shallow lake:A 5-year study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第8期19卷 920-927页

作者： WANG Xiao-long lu yong-long HE Gui-zhen HAN Jing-yi WANG Tie-yu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 Chin Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Environmental Policy Group Wageningen University 6706 KN Wageningen the Netherlands

Understanding the process of the changing phytoplankton patterns can be particularly useful in water quality improvement and management decisions. However, it is generally not easy to illustrate the interactions between phytoplankton biomass and related environmental variables given their high spatial and temporal heterogeneity. To elucidate relationships between them, in a eutrophic shallow lake, Taihu Lake, relative long-term data set of biotic and abiotic parameters of water quality in the lake were conducted using multivariate statistical analysis within seasonal periodicity. The results indicate that water temperature and total phosphorus （TP） played governing roles in phytoplankton dynamics in most seasons （i.e. temperature in winter, spring and summer; TP in spring, summer and autumn）; COD （chemical oxygen demand） and BOD （biological oxygen demand） presented significant positive relationships with phytoplankton biomass in spring, summer and autumn. However, a complex interplay was found between phytoplankton biomass and nitrogen considering significant positive relationships occurring between them in spring and autumn, and conversely negative ones in summer. As the predatory factor, zooplankton presented significant grazing-pressure on phytoplankton biomass during summer in view of negative relationship between them in the season. Significant feedback effects of phytoplankton development were identified in summer and autumn in view that significant relationships were obser,qed between phytoplankton biomass and pH, Trans （transparency of water） and DO. The results indicate that interactions between phyto：plankton biomass and related environmental variables are highly sensitive to seasonal periodicity, which improves understanding of different roles of biotic and abiotic variables upon phytoplankton variability, and hence, advances management methods for eutrophic lakes.

关键词： eutrophication phytoplankton zooplankton Taihu Lake

Identification of anthropogenic influences on water quality of rivers in Taihu watershed

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 475-481页

作者： WANG Xiao-long lu yong-long HAN Jing-yi HE Gui-zhen WANG Zie-yu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Environmental Policy Group Wageningen University 6706 KN Wageningen The Netherlands

Surface water bodies are progressively subjected to stress as a result of anthropogenic activities. This study assessed and examined the impact of human activities on spatial variation in the water quality of 19 rivers in the Taihu watershed. Concentrations of physicochemical parameters of surface water quality were determined at the mouth of each river during the period of 2000-2004. Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to identify characteristics of the water quality in the studied rivers. The results showed that rivers strongly influenced by household wastewater have the highest concentrations of nutrients （TN and TP）. Moreover, rivers in the vicinity of a metropolis presented low dissolved oxygen （DO） levels. However, organic-chemical pollution （petroleum and volatile phenolics） was identified with high localization. Two rivers influenced by sewage from industry and ships were distinguished from other rivers with high values of petroleum. The Taige channel, a river located in Changzhou City that is strongly influenced by wastewater from industry, was characterized with an extraordinarily high value of volatile phenolics. Rivers passing through countries, especially through hilly countries were characterized with high DO contents and low nutrient and organic-chemical pollution, suggesting that agriculture puts less pressure on water quality in adjacent rivers. Therefore, more effort should be made in controlling point pollution to restore water quality in rivers adjacent to cities.

关键词： water quality anthropogenic activities principal component analysis cluster analysis Taihu watershed

Integrated assessment of urban environment in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第3期11卷 272-278页

作者： Wang Gui-lian lu yong-long Sino Canadian High Tech Center of Resources and Environment Research Center for Eco Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The principles and procedures for integrated environmental assessment(IEA) based on the specific urban conditions and Chinese characteristics have been developed. The development processes and the general principles and procedures are presented in this paper. Indicators and methods for IEA may vary from case to case, but guidelines for selection of indicators and methods may be applicable for a specific case, so they are also introduced. Although great progress has been made in IEA, there is still a lot for future development. Prospects are presented as follows: (1) IEA at strategic level; (2) mechanisms for public involvement; (3) post project analysis; (4) cumulative impact assessment; and (5) application of new approaches such as expert system and GIS in IEA.

关键词： integrated assessment urban environment environmental assessment China.

Sustainability and environmental enhancement in changing circumstances

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 469-469页

作者： lu yong-long SHI Ya-juan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Natural environment has endured fast economic growth and population explosion since the 20th century, which has brought a lot of problems. Global environmental change, soil erosion, land desertification, ozone layer depletion, bio-diversity reduction and persistent toxic and harmful pollutants are among the major environmental challenges.

关键词： In Sustainability and environmental enhancement in changing circumstances

Perspective in development of environmental technology in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第3期11卷 303-308页

Environmental technology (ET) refers to the processes and techniques for environmental prevention, reduction, recycling, reuse and rehabilitation. Since 1978, China has launched a series of R&D programs in promoting environmental science and technology development. Uneven spatial distribution and sectoral structure give us a profile of the present status of ET in China. Both opportunities and constraints are analyzed for the development of ET, and strategies for its future development are presented in this paper.

关键词： environmental technology R&D technology development China.

Sino British cooperation for urban environmental enhancement and sustainable development

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第3期11卷 258-263页

作者： David Norse Department of Geography, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK lu yong\|long Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China University College London 英国中科院生态环境研究中心北京 100085

This paper gives an overview of the presentations and discussions at the Sino British Workshop on Urban Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development held in Beijing from September 9—11, 1998. It summarises the contributions from both the Chinese and British sides to the four major themes of urban sustainability: integrated environmental assessment, water pollution and management, urban transportation and its impacts on air quality, and environmental technology. It also identifies many areas of common interest for further collaboration.

关键词： urban sustainability environmental enhancement environmental management sustainable development.

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公路软基处理决策问题智能化技术探讨

工程建设与设计 2016年第4期 158-160页

作者：路永龙中铁十六局集团第一工程有限公司北京102209

软土路基是公路施工过程中经常遇到的地质问题,需要结合工程的实际情况采用合理的施工方法。在实际处理过程中,经常会因为认识不足,采用的处理方法不合理,导致物力、人力、财力浪费。所以,需要科学地分析软土特征,制定合理的地基处理方... 详细信息

软土路基是公路施工过程中经常遇到的地质问题,需要结合工程的实际情况采用合理的施工方法。在实际处理过程中,经常会因为认识不足,采用的处理方法不合理,导致物力、人力、财力浪费。所以,需要科学地分析软土特征,制定合理的地基处理方案,动态监测路堤稳定性和沉降情况。基于此,论文对公路软基处理决策问题智能化技术进行探讨。

关键词：公路软基处理决策问题智能化技术

维普期刊数据库博看期刊

农户对禁牧政策的行为响应及其影响因素研究——以新疆策勒县为例

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干旱区地理 2006年第6期29卷 902-908页

作者：马骅吕永龙邢颖孙亚梅中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室

以新疆策勒县为例,对当地农牧民在封育禁牧影响下的经济行为响应及其影响因素利用对数线性模型进行定量分析,以研究不同背景条件的农牧民在进行行为选择时的规律性因素。研究表明,农户所属区域及其拥有的资本水平是农户对禁牧行为响应... 详细信息

以新疆策勒县为例,对当地农牧民在封育禁牧影响下的经济行为响应及其影响因素利用对数线性模型进行定量分析,以研究不同背景条件的农牧民在进行行为选择时的规律性因素。研究表明,农户所属区域及其拥有的资本水平是农户对禁牧行为响应的显著影响因素;农户所属区域及当地的技术服务培训等政策配套水平是农户对禁牧态度的显著影响因素;农牧民畜牧生产观念的转变和草场承包责任制的落实是实施禁牧政策的先决条件。建议政府针对区域及农户的资本差异进行分类补偿;当地政府可整合利用各相关部门的项目资源和资金进行禁牧的政策前期和推广工作。

关键词：封育禁牧行为响应牧业管理新疆