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Artificial intelligence in the endoscopic approach of biliary tract diseases:A current review

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第2期3卷 9-15页

作者： Fábio Pereira Correia luís carvalho lourenço Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Prof.Dr Fernando FonsecaAmadora 2720-276Portugal Gastroenterology Center Hospital Cuf Tejo-Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de LisboaLisbon 1350-352Portugal

In recent years there have been major developments in the field of artificial *** different areas of medicine have taken advantage of this tool to make various diagnostic and therapeutic methods more effective,safe,and *** this way,artificial intelligence has been an increasingly present reality in *** the field of Gastroenterology,the main application has been in the detection and characterization of colonic polyps,but an increasing number of studies have been published on the application of deep learning systems in other pathologies of the gastrointestinal *** of the application of artificial intelligence in the assessment of biliary tract is still *** studies support the usefulness of these systems in the investigation and treatment of choledocholithiasis,demonstrating that they have the potential to be integrated into clinical practice and endoscopic procedures,such as endoscopic retrograde *** application in cholangioscopy for the investigation of undetermined biliary strictures also seems to be *** the bile duct through endoscopic ultrasound can be challenging,especially for less experienced operators,thus becoming an area of potential interest for artificial *** this review,we summarize the state of the art of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases.

关键词： Deep learning Artificial Neural Networks Bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary strictures

Determination of critical state line(CsL)for silty-sandy iron ore tailings subjected to low-high confining pressures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1684-1695页

作者： Nilo Cesar Consoli João Vítor de Azambuja carvalho Alexia Cindy Wagner Hugo Carlos scheuermann Filho Inácio carvalho Pedro Pazzoto Cacciari João Paulo de sousa silva Civil Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRS90035-190Brazil Exploration and Mineral Projects-Mineral Development Centre VALE S.A.Santa LuziaMG33040-900Brazil Department of Civil Geological and Mining EngineeringPolytechnique MontrealQuebecH3C 3A7Canada

The disposal of filtered tailings in high dry stacks can induce particle breakage,changing the material's behaviour during the structure's *** grading changes influence material properties at the critical state,and this is not mature for intermediate artificial soils(tailings)in a broad range of confining *** this paper,it aims to describe the behaviour of iron ore tailings in a spectrum of confining pressures broader than the reported in previous studies.A series of consolidated drained(CD)triaxial tests was carried out with confining pressures ranging from 0.075 MPa to 120 *** results show that the amount of breakage plays an essential role in the response of iron ore *** existence of curved critical state line(CsL)in both specific volume(ν)-logarithm of mean effective stress(p′)and deviatoric stress(q)-mean effective stress(p′)planes,and different responses in the deviatoric stress-axial strain-volumetric strain curves were *** inverse s-shaped equation was proposed to represent the silty-sandy tailings'behaviour up to high pressures onν-lnp′*** proposed equation provides a basis for enhancing constitutive models and considers the evolution of the grading up to severe loading *** adjustment considered three regions with different responses associated with particle breakage at different pressure levels.

关键词： Tailings Iron ore tailings dry stacking silty-sandy material Critical state soil mechanics High confining pressures Particle breakage

Contribution of mechanical forces to structural synaptic plasticity:insights from 3D cellular motility mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.Teodoro Mafalda Ribeiro Ramos Lara carvalho iNoVA4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and organs are constantly subjected to the action of mechanical forces from the extracellular environment-and the nervous system is no ***-intrinsic properties such as membrane lipid composition,abundance of mechanosensors,and cytoskeletal dynamics make cells more or less likely to sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this combined information determines the rate and dynamics of membrane protrusion growth or retraction(Yamada and sixt,2019).Cell protrusions are extensions of the plasma membrane that play crucial roles in diverse contexts such as cell migration and neuronal synapse *** the nervous system,neurons are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number of their pre-and postsynaptic elements(called synaptic boutons and dendritic spines,respectively),in response to changes in the levels of synaptic activity through a process called *** plasticity is a hallmark of the nervous system and is present throughout our lives,being required for functions like memory formation or the learning of new motor skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Lipedema: A common though often unrecognized condition

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery 2024年第3期6卷 149-153页

作者： carvalho R. Private Practice R. Iolanda del Nero Barco 101 Pirassununga São Paulo 13631-064 Brazil

Lipedema is a chronic disorder primarily affecting women, characterized by abnormal fat deposition in the extremities, leading to pain, mobility issues, and psychological distress. These fat deposits are clear-cut and spare hands and feet. often misdiagnosed as lymphedema, its prevalence remains uncertain due to a lack of universally accepted diagnostic criteria and difficulty in differentiating it from obesity or lymphedema. Genetic factors and hormonal influences are likely related to the pathophysiology of the disease, though the specific causes remain unknown. Imaging techniques may aid evaluation, but no definitive test exists, and diagnosis is made clinically. Conservative treatments such as lifestyle modifications and compression garments are considered first-line treatments, while surgical options such as liposuction and lipectomy are reserved for severe or refractory cases. Psychological support may be recommended, given lipedema's impact on quality of life and self-esteem. This review aims to present the current understanding of this condition, including challenges in diagnosis, current guideline recommendations for clinical care, and associated comorbid conditions. © 2024 China Medical Cosmetology Press Co. Ltd.

关键词： Lipectomy Lipedema Liposuction Lymphedema obesity

Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro sandra carvalho Ana sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(sBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

Review on the state-of-the-art and challenges in the MgB_(2)component manufacturing for superconducting applications

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superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 50-64页

作者： Fabiano carvalho de Castro sene Department of Industrial and systems Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleUnited States

since the discovery of MgB_(2)as a superconductor,several research groups worldwide have studied the superconducting mechanisms due to the dual gap nature of MgB_(2),as well as attempted to produce such a compound in wires,tapes,bulks,and thin films for a plethora of *** MgB_(2)carries the promise of replacing Niobium‐based superconductors in low‐field applications,less‐than‐desirable performance and in‐operation stability has slowed down such a *** the properties and nature of the superconductivity of MgB_(2)are fairly known,the reproduction of its properties at manufacturing scales remains an unsolved ***,this manuscript presents a systematic review on fundamental properties,phase formation,growth kinetics,and superconducting properties of MgB_(2)‐based components such as multi‐and mono‐core wires,bulks,and thin ***,challenges,and shortcomings are utilized in consolidating research questions and directions pertaining to the manufacturing of MgB_(2)superconducting ***,we evaluate the technological readiness of MgB_(2)‐based devices for applications in fusion energy systems.

关键词： MgB_(2) superconductor manufacturing Technology readiness Review Low‐Field applications

Robotic surgery: An Effective Treatment option for Epiphrenic Diverticulum Associated with Nutcracker Esophagus

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surgical science 2024年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： Augusto Tinoco Gilberto carvalho Leonardo Tinoco Ana Paula Quintão Department of Digestive surgery Hospital S&#227o Jos&#233 do Ava&#237 Itaperuna Brazil

Background: Epiphrenic Diverticulum is frequently associated with esophageal motility disorders, such as nutcrackers esophagus. The diagnosis is usually made using imaging studies such as a Barium esophagogram, and esophageal manometry. surgical treatment options for epiphrenic diverticulum and EN include diverticulectomy and wide myotomy. Aim: The resection of three epiphrenic diverticula and extensive myotomy were performed by robotic thoracoscopy uneventfully. Case presentation: A 65-year-old female complaining of dysphagia for solid foods, Chest pain and regurgitation. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EDG) with difficulty in advancing the endoscope at 25 cm and demonstrating an ED, no hiatal hernia and normal stomach and duodenum. Barium Esophagogram showed multiple diverticula and tortuosity throughout the esophagus. Conclusion: With robotic surgery, surgeons can perform highly precise operations with enhanced 3D vision and control. Through this cutting-edge approach, the treatment of ED associated with EN can be drastically changed, promising better outcomes for patients.

关键词： Robotic surgery Myotomy Nutcracker Esophagus Epiphrenic Diverticulum

How far have we come?Review of main public policies to reduce landslide impacts in Brazil

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第9期21卷 2891-2904页

作者： Bianca carvalho VIEIRA Tiago Damas MARTINs Telma Mendes da sILVA JoséEduardo BoNINI Department of Geography University of São PauloAvenida Professor Lineu Prestes 05508-000Brazil Cities Institute Federal University of São PauloAvenida Jacu-Pêssego 08260-001Brazil Department of Geography Federal University of Rio de JaneiroAvenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 21941-916Brazil

During the rainy season in Brazil,landslides can have catastrophic consequences,including loss of life,damage to urban infrastructure and significant economic ***,more than eight million people in Brazil live in disaster-prone *** objective of this article is to present a chronological review of the principal policies and programmes at the national,state,and municipal levels,with an emphasis on their key actions aimed at mitigating the impact of disasters related to natural hazards,particularly *** analysis was based on official records of public policies from the national,state,and municipal *** results show that several initiatives were initially developed at the local and regional ***,it was not until the late 1980s that a comprehensive organisation of civil protection at the national level emerged as a response *** is possible to highlight three phases(understanding,coexistence,and prevention)of institutional action focused on risk management in the face of *** the growing knowledge of risk scenarios,disasters continue to occur in Brazil on an annual basis,revealing several obstacles to reducing their impact,particularly given the social and economic disparities between Brazilian regions and the applicability of public policies that must overcome the limitations of each municipality.

关键词： Disasters Risk Mitigation Prevention Legislation Civil Defense Natural Hazards

Lipedema: A common though often unrecognized condition

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery 2024年第03期 149-153页

作者： Rafael carvalho R.Iolanda del Nero Barco

Lipedema is a chronic disorder primarily affecting women, characterized by abnormal fat deposition in the extremities, leading to pain, mobility issues, and psychological distress. These fat deposits are clear-cut and spare hands and feet. often misdiagnosed as lymphedema, its prevalence remains uncertain due to a lack of universally accepted diagnostic criteria and difficulty in differentiating it from obesity or lymphedema. Genetic factors and hormonal influences are likely related to the pathophysiology of the disease, though the specific causes remain unknown. Imaging techniques may aid evaluation, but no definitive test exists, and diagnosis is made *** treatments such as lifestyle modifications and compression garments are considered first-line treatments, while surgical options such as liposuction and lipectomy are reserved for severe or refractory cases. Psychological support may be recommended, given lipedema's impact on quality of life and *** review aims to present the current understanding of this condition, including challenges in diagnosis, current guideline recommendations for clinical care, and associated comorbid conditions.

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