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Scientific Validation of the Ethnomedicinal Properties of the Ayurvedic Drug Triphala:A Review

Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第12期18卷 946-954页

作者： Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga Sharake Meera Benson Mathai Manoj Ponadka Rai Vikas Pawar Princy louis Palatty Department of Research and Development Father Muller Medical CollegeKankanadyMangaloreKarnataka(575002)India Sanjeevini Ayurvedic Chikitsalaya MallikatteMangaloreKarnataka(575003)India Department of Pharmacology St.John's Pharmacy CollegeVijayanagar Ⅱ StageBangaloreKarnataka(560040)India Unilever R&D No.64Main RoadWhitefieldBangaloreKarnataka(560066)India Department of Pharmacology Father Muller Medical CollegeKankanadyMangaloreKarnataka(575002)India

Triphala, a herbal formula composed of the three fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz. （Haritaki, Family： Combretaceae）, Terminalia bellirica Roxb. （Bibhitaki, Family： Combretaceae） and Phyllanthus emblica Linn. or Emblica officinalis Gaertn. （Amalaki or the Indian gooseberry, Family： Euphorbiaceae） is considered to be a universal panacea in the traditional Indian system of medicine the Ayurveda. It has been described in the Ayurveda text as a ＂Ftasayana＂ and to rejuvenat the debilitated organs. Ayurvedic physicians use Triphala for many ailments but most importantly to treat various gastrointestinal disorders. Scientific studies carried out in the past two decades have validated many of the ethnomedicinal claims and researches have shown Triphala to possess free radical scavenging, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, antibacterial, antimutagenic, wound healing, anticariogenic, antistress, adaptogenic, hypoglycaemic, anticancer, chemoprotective, radioprotective and chemopreventive effects. Clinical studies have also shown that Triphala was found to have good laxative property, to improve appetite and reduce gastric hyperacidity. Studies have also shown that Triphala was effective in preventing dental caries and that this effect was equal to that of chlorhexidine. The current review addresses the validated pharmacological properties of Triphala and also emphasizes on aspects that need further investigation for its future clinic application.

关键词： Ayurveda Rasayana Triphala Terminalia chebula Terminalia bellerica and Phyllanthus emblicaand Emblica officina/is

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Resolution of hemolysis from pump thrombus during left ventricular assist device exchange

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第8期2卷 373-376页

作者： Shinya Unai Hitoshi Hirose john WC Entwistle III louis E Samuels Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States

A 50-year-old male who underwent a Heart Mate Ⅱ left ventricular assist device placement for ischemic cardiomyopathy presented with discolored urine and hemolysis 3 mo after the operation. His hemolysis was thought to be due to thrombosis within the pump. Imaging studies were not able to visualize a left ventricular thrombus. Medical management with anticoagulation failed and he underwent surgery for a pump exchange. Intraoperatively, a firm thrombus was found within the pump of the Heart Mate Ⅱ, and the color of the urine changed dramatically from cola-colored to yellow which enabled us to confirm the diagnosis.

关键词： Cardiac surgery Hemolysis Left ventricular assist device Thrombosis

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Solar Activity, Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Signatures

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2013年第4期3卷 610-617页

作者： Jean-louis Zerbo Frédéric Ouattara Christine Amory Mazaudier Jean-Pierre Legrand john D. Richardson Ecole Normale Supérieure de l’Université de Koudougou Koudougou Burkina Faso Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers (INSU) Paris France Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA LPP-Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas/UPMC/Polytechnique/CNRS Saint-Maur-des-Fossés France Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

The present study investigates solar events through geomagnetic activity and physical processes on the Sun: 1) Quiet activity (QA) related to the slow solar wind, 2) Recurrent activity (RA) related to high and moderate speed solar wind streams from coronal holes, 3) Shock activity (SA) identified by observations of SSCs and 4) Unclear activity (UA) which contains all activity not covered by the first three cases. For recent cycles, we analyze and emphasize some important results: Quiet activity is predominant for cycle 23, comprising 40% of the total activity and over 80% of the activity near solar minimum. Shock and recurrent activity contributions to total geomagnetic activity are largest in cycle 20. The most fluctuating events are observed during cycles 21 and 22. Throughout solar cycle 23, the contribution, from each type of activity, differs from recent solar cycles, with larger percentages of quiet and recurrent activity and less unclear activity. These percentages are similar to those in solar cycles observed in the late 1800s. Since 1963, solar wind data are available. We analyze the distribution of the solar wind velocity for each geomagnetic class of activity and find that: 1) Within each activity type aa does not depend on V, 2) Approximately 80% of the solar wind has V 450 km/s for RA, 3) SA and UA both have 60% of the solar wind V > 450 km/s. We found the following conditions for all four solar cycles: 1) For QA 95% of solar wind speeds are in the range 399 ± 69 km/s, 2) For RA 95% of the solar wind speeds range from 582 ± 110 km/s, 3) For SA 95% of the solar wind velocities are order of 482 ± 101.4 km/s, and 4) For UA 95% of solar wind speeds are 480 ± 85.82 km/s. These results confirm the classification scheme that QA reflects slow wind effects, RA effects high wind stream and UA answers to the fluctuations between high wind stream (~60%) and slow wind (~40%). The study shows that high wind stream (

关键词： Solar Wind Geomagnetic Activity Solar Activity Geomagnetic Index aa

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Structural and functional roles of ether lipids

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Protein & Cell 2018年第2期9卷 196-206页

作者： john M. Dean Irfan J. Lodhi Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Lipid Research Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO 63110 USA

Ether lipids, such as plasmalogens, are peroxisome- derived glycerophospholipids in which the hydrocarbon chain at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone is attached by an ether bond, as opposed to an ester bond in the more common diacyl phospholipids. This seem- ingly simple biochemical change has profound structural and functional implications. Notably, the tendency of ether lipids to form non-lamellar inverted hexagonal structures in model membranes suggests that they have a role in facilitating membrane fusion processes. Ether lipids are also important for the organization and stability of lipid raft microdomains, cholesterol-rich membrane regions involved in cellular signaling. In addition to their structural roles, a subset of ether lipids are thought to function as endogenous antioxidants, and emerging studies suggest that they are involved in cell differentiation and signaling pathways. Here, we review the biology of ether lipids and their potential signifi- cance in human disorders, including neurological diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders.

关键词： ether lipids plasmalogen phospholipid peroxisomes cancer metabolic disorders

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Decoding an Old 1907 Prescription of *** Hay(“Doc Hay”):One of the Earliest Chinese Medicine Doctors in the United States

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2020年第4期3卷 232-240页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan louis Lei Jin Boling Huang Mingxia Yu Xiaoyin Zhao Sarah Faggert Alem American TCM Association McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine PLCVienna International Institute of Systems Medicine Inc.MilwaukeeWI 53222USA Nanjing Institute of Chinese Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine the Third HospitalNanjingChina Eastern Roots Wellness PLCMcLeanVA 22101

Objectives:Chinese medicine doctors have practiced in the United States since April of 1854,the world's first Chinese medicine doctor's memorial is Kam Wah Chung Museum in john Day,Oregon,U.S.,to commemorate *** Hay(“Doc Hay”伍于念)and his business partner Lung On(梁光荣).There were few studies to explore Doc Hay's real practice and prescription,while most of papers focused on Doc Hay's legend *** paper aims to analyze and interpret one of the intriguing herbal prescriptions that Doc Hay had *** and Methods:*** Yin Fan made an academic travel to Kam Wah Chung museum on August 5,2018 and examined the books and hand-written prescriptions of Doc Hay,which were not exhibited to the public at that *** paper analyzes and interprets one of herbal prescriptions that Doc Hay had hand-written in *** process included four steps:(1):Transform Doc Hay's hand-written prescription(with original herb names)to standard herb names in Chinese.(2):Induct and rearrange the herb name into groups based on herb property characteristics and then translate them into both PinYin names and English *** of the prescription may include in what classic formula(s)routinely introduced in Chinese medicine textbooks.(3):Analyze the herbal action for each group and potential symptoms or conditions the patient may have *** analysis of classic formula(s)used in the prescription may represent what clinical condition was being treated at that time.(4):Combine the analysis to give a comprehensive picture of the ***:The prescription consists of 67 herbs,total 934.6 grams,and including Yin Qiao Powder(银翘散),Sang Ju Decoction(桑菊饮),Zhi Sou Powder(止嗽散),Qing Ying Decoction(清营汤),Xi Jiao Di Huang Decoction(犀角地黄汤),Long Dan Xie Gan Decoction(龙胆泻肝汤)and Chai Hu Shu Gan Powder(柴胡疏肝散).Speculation indicated that the prescription was for a patient who had obvious pulmonary infection accompanied by severe cough,and probably had prolonged pulmonary

关键词： Prescription composition Ing Hay(伍于念) Kam Wah Chung(金华昌) epidemic disease Spanish flu COVID-19

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The role and modulation of autophagy in experimental models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 338-348页

作者： Carol Chen-Scarabelli Pratik R. Agrawal louis Saravolatz Cadigia Abuniat Gabriele Scarabelli Anastasis Stephanou Leena Loomba Jagat Narula Tiziano M. Scarabelli Richard Knight VA Ann Arbor Health Care System University of Michigan 2215 Fuller Rd Ann Arbor M148105 USA Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai Medical Center One Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1030 New York NY 10029-6574 USA St john Hospital and Medical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine 22101 Moross Rd. Detroit M148236 USA Medical and Molecular Biology Unit University College London UCL 30 Guildford St. London WC1N 1EH UK

A physiological sequence called autophagy qualitatively determines cellular viability by removing protein aggregates and damaged cyto-plasmic constituents, and contributes significantly to the degree of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. This tightly orchestrated cata-bolic cellular‘housekeeping’ process provides cells with a new source of energy to adapt to stressful conditions. This process was first described as a pro-survival mechanism, but increasing evidence suggests that it can also lead to the demise of the cell. Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiac conditions including myocardial I/R injury. However, a debate persists as to whether autophagy acts as a protec-tive mechanism or contributes to the injurious effects of I/R injury in the heart. This controversy may stem from several factors including the va-riability in the experimental models and species, and the methodology used to assess autophagy. This review provides updated knowledge on the modulation and role of autophagy in isolated cardiac cells subjected to I/R, and the growing interest towards manipulating autophagy to increase the survival of cardiac myocytes under conditions of stress-most notably being I/R injury. Perturbation of this evolutionarily conserved intracellular cleansing autophagy mechanism, by targeted modulation through, among others, mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） inhibitors, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK） modulators, calcium lowering agents, resveratrol, longevinex, sirtuin activators, the proapoptotic gene Bnip3, IP3 and lysosome inhibitors, may confer resistance to heart cells against I/R induced cell death. Thus, therapeutic ma-nipulation of autophagy in the challenged myocardium may benefit post-infarction cardiac healing and remodeling.

关键词： Autophagy Heart Ischemia-reperfusion injury Cell survival

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ERODIBILITY CRITERION FOR AUXILIARY SPILLWAYS OF DAMS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2000年第1期15卷 93-107页

作者： Hendrik A. D. Kirsten (Steffen, Robertson, and Kirsten, Ine., Box 55291 Northlands 2116, S. Africa)john S. Moore(Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, Box 2890, Washington, DC 20013)louis H. Kirsten(Civil & Structural Engineering Dept., Iscor Mini

The ability to reliably design auxiliary spillways has become a pressing requirement because of the very large number of dams involved. An empirical classification index representing the erosional resistance of the overall range of particulate, jointed, and intact earth materials is presented and correlated for a number of practical cases from Arkansas and Kansas in the United States of America and from South Africa with the specific stream power of flows observed to be associated with various degrees of erosion. The United States Department of Agriculture data base and the format in which the dare were prepared for the purposes herein, are deseribed in detail. The modes of erosion that occur in spillways are *** are provided for evaluating the failure status of an erosion damaged spillway that enables determination of whether the incident specific stream power exceeded, equalled, or fell below the erosional resistance of various sections of the ground profile affected. The correlation function between specific stream power and erodibility index provides the required design criterion.

关键词： Auxiliary spillway Erosional resistance Erodibility index Stream power

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Primary sclerosing cholangitis associated colitis: Characterization of clinical, histologic features, and their associations with liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第28期26卷 4126-4139页

作者： john Aranake-Chrisinger Themistocles Dassopoulos Yan Yan ILKe Nalbantoglu Department of Pathology and Immunology Lauren V.Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical PathologyWashington University in St.LouisSchool of MedicineMO 63110United States Baylor Center for IBD Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTX 75246United States Departments of Surgery and Biostatistics Washington University in St.LouisSchool of MedicineMO 63110United States Department of Anatomic Pathology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06525United States

BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)associated inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a unique form of IBD(PSC-IBD)with distinct clinical and histologic features from ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn disease(CD).In patients with PSC and IBD,the severity of the two disease processes may depend on each *** To study the histologic and clinical features of PSC patients with and without *** We assessed specimens from patients with UC(n=28),CD(n=10),PSC and UC(PSC-UC;n=26);PSC and CD(PSC-CD;n=6);and PSC and no IBD(PSC-no IBD;n=4)between years ***-IBD patients were matched to IBD patients without PSC by age and colitis *** data including age,gender,age at IBD and PSC diagnoses,IBD duration,treatment,follow-up,orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)were *** PSC-UC patients had more isolated right-sided disease(P=0.03),and less active inflammation in left colon,rectum(P=0.03 and P=0.0006),and overall(P=0.0005)compared to *** required less steroids(P=0.01)and fewer colectomies(P=0.03)than UC *** PSC-CD patients had more ileitis and less rectal involvement compared to PSC-UC and *** PSC-CD patients required OLT compared to 38%of PSC-UC(P=0.1).PSC-IBD(PSC-UC and PSCCD)patients with OLT had severe disease in the left colon and rectum(P=0.04).CONCLUSION PSC-UC represents a distinct form of *** different disease phenotype in PSC-IBD patients with OLT may support liver-gut axis interaction,however warrants clinical attention and further research.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Inflammatory bowel disease Liver transplantation Inflammation Pathologic features Clinical associations

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由地震简正模式观测得到的内核各向异性区域变化

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国际地震动态 2010年第10期31卷 24-29页

作者： Arwen Deuss Jessica C E irving john H Woodhouse 洪启宇（译）左玉玲（校） Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0EZ UK Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3PR UK 中国地震局地球物理研究所研究生不详

地球的固体内核被对流的液体外核包围,由此创建了驱动地球磁场的地核发电机。用压缩体波研究地震显示出内核各向异性结构的半球性变化,但由于受地震和接收器分布状况所限,这一结论还不够充分。本文中,利用大地震的简正模式分裂函数测定... 详细信息

地球的固体内核被对流的液体外核包围,由此创建了驱动地球磁场的地核发电机。用压缩体波研究地震显示出内核各向异性结构的半球性变化,但由于受地震和接收器分布状况所限,这一结论还不够充分。本文中,利用大地震的简正模式分裂函数测定结果,并基于扩展交叉耦合理论,我们观测到了区域变化和内核中东、西两半球的各向异性。这一模式与地球磁场的相似性说明在固化或组构演变过程中由Maxwell应力引起的晶体排列的凝入是产生各向异性的根源。这些观测结果限制了内核超速旋转的总量,但与振荡相符。

关键词：各向异性结构大地震内核观测简正模式 Maxwell 地球磁场测定结果

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Management of Post-Traumatic Stress (PTSD) Dementia and Other Neuro-Degenerative Disease with Photo-Medicine: Clinical Experience and Case Studies

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 386-394页

作者： William Stephan Ronald Aung Din louis J. Banas john Thomas Carolyn Kochert Randy J. Lamartiniere Carol Spooner Gerard Pesca Dudley Chewning Eddy 4080 Delaware Ave Tonawanda New York USA 3501 Cattlemen Drive Sarasota FL USA 3218 Daugherty Ave Suite Lafayette IN USA Photo-Medicine 8676 Goodwood Boulevard Baton Rouge LA USA Laser Innovations LLC 2451 East Baseline Road Gilbert AZ USA LMFT 820 Jordan St. Suite 570 Shreveport LA USA

Objective: Photobiomodulation (also known as Low Level Laser. LLLT or Cold Laser;Photo Medicine (PM)) has been a vital adjunct therapy in our clinical practice over 5 years, observations of improvement in cognition and personality were noted in several patients. As a result, selected patients with Alzheimer’s Disease, vascular dementia, post-traumatic brain injury and other neuro-degenerative diseases were treated at clinical practices in Buffalo, New York;Sarasota, Florida;Lafayette, Indiana;Phoenix, Az., and Baton Rouge, La. Over 60 patients were treated with an average of 4 times over an 8-day period all reported/exhibited improvement in their condition, except that two men who were in their seventies were in robust health but had no short-term memory and no improvement was observed. However, Theralase has developed a more efficacious system which will be more efficacious, due to increased power for ATP activation. Method: Over 150 patients with the above conditions were treated in various areas (depending on diagnosis) including the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobe, Hippocampus, and Circle of Willis for duration of two and one-half minutes every 48 hours for 5 - 6 treatments. We utilized the Theralase multi-probe (905 nm/660 nm) at 60 miliwatts. It utilizes 5 - 905 nm near infra-red diodes and 4 infra-red 660 laser diodes with a peak power of 50,000 milliwatts at peak and pulse duration of 200 nanoseconds [1]. The PTSD patients were evaluated utilizing the co-occurring disorders program screening and assessment form. Conclusion: Dementia patients exhibited varying degrees of improvement in cognitive function and personality, leading to improved quality of life and decreased caregiver burden. PTSD patients’ improvement was objectively measured by formal neuropsychological testing utilizing the form. All PTSD patients scored no emotional problems after 3 - 5 treatments and all experienced overall sense of well-being. One experienced return of ability to smell he h

关键词： Photobiomodulation Photo Medicine (PM) Neuroregeneration Neuro-Degenerative Disease Small Vessel Disease (SVD)

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