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China’s Pattern of Growth: Moving to Sustainability and Reducing Inequality

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China & World Economy 2006年第1期14卷 1-14页

作者： louis Kuijs Tao wang Senior Economist World Bank Beijing Office Beijing China Senior Economist International Monetary Fund Washington DC USA

This paper uses both macro level and sectoral data to study the sources and pattern of China＇s impressive economic growth over the last 25 years. Extending the growth accounting framework, we show that widening inequality, rural poverty, and resource intensity are to a large extent rooted in China＇s growth strategy, and resolving them requires a rebalancing of policies. We find that growth of investment in the industn＇al sector has been the single most important factor driving gross domestic product and overall labor productivity growth since the early 1990s. The shift of labor from low-productivity agriculture has been limited. The productivity gap between agriculture and the rest of the economy has continued to widen, leading to increased rura-urban income inequality. Continuing with the current growth pattern would further increase already high investment and saving needs to unsustainable levels, lower urban employment growth, and widen the rural-urban income gap. However, reducing subsidies to industry and investment, encouraging the development of the services industry, and reducing barriers to labor mobility would result in a more balanced growth and a substantial reduction in the income gap between rural and urban residents.

关键词： income inequality labor productivity labor relocation pattern of growth

Predictability of real temporal networks

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 929-937页

作者： Disheng Tang Wenbo Du louis Shekhtman Yijie wang Shlomo Havlin Xianbin Cao Gang Yan School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University Shanghai Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology Tongji University Network Science Institute Northeastern University Department of Physics Bar Ilan University CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory of Big Data Application Technologies of Comprehensive Transportation School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University

Links in most real networks often change over time. Such temporality of links encodes the ordering and causality of interactions between nodes and has a profound effect on network dynamics and *** evidence has shown that the temporal nature of links in many real-world networks is not ***, it is challenging to predict temporal link patterns while considering the entanglement between topological and temporal link patterns. Here, we propose an entropy-rate-based framework, based on combined topological–temporal regularities, for quantifying the predictability of any temporal network. We apply our framework on various model networks, demonstrating that it indeed captures the intrinsic topological–temporal regularities whereas previous methods considered only temporal aspects. We also apply our framework on 18 real networks of different types and determine their predictability. Interestingly,we find that, for most real temporal networks, despite the greater complexity of predictability brought by the increase in dimension, the combined topological–temporal predictability is higher than the temporal predictability. Our results demonstrate the necessity for incorporating both temporal and topological aspects of networks in order to improve predictions of dynamical processes.

关键词： temporal network predictability network entropy predictive algorithm

Review:Natural Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2018年第1期25卷 1-17页

作者： Xuewei Fu Yu wang louis Scudiero Weihong Zhong Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Department of Chemistry Washington State University

Polymer electrolytes are attractive materials towards achieving safe,flexible and high-performance energy storage devices( ESDs) such as lithium ion batteries( LIBs). Conventional polymer electrolytes are confronted with big challenges to achieve high ionic conductivity,good mechanical properties,excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. In this context,natural polymeric materials have appealing merits of multi-functionality,ease of accessibility,good mechanical strength,etc. making them promising candidates to substitute conventional polymer electrolytes. Recently,the rational design and fabrication of advanced natural bio-based polymer electrolytes have made important progresses. In this review, we summarize recent developments in terms of polymer electrolytes using natural polymers for several application purposes. This review also involves the merits and demerits of the different natural polymers that have been investigated thus far. The insights on state-of-the-art for natural polymer electrolytes and possible solutions for further improvement of them are discussed as well in this review.

关键词： polymer electrolytes natural polymer electrolytes lithium ion batteries

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巴斯德与现代细菌学的诞生

浙江学刊 2024年第4期 229-237页

作者：王陈颖浙江大学历史学系杭州310058

19世纪上半叶,面对频发的传染病,西方传统医学陷入了双重困境。它既无法在医学理论上解释疾病的根源,也难以在医疗实践中实现对疾病的预防和控制,因而迫切需要新的变革。19世纪中期,法国化学家路易·巴斯德从发酵研究中敏锐地察觉到微... 详细信息

19世纪上半叶,面对频发的传染病,西方传统医学陷入了双重困境。它既无法在医学理论上解释疾病的根源,也难以在医疗实践中实现对疾病的预防和控制,因而迫切需要新的变革。19世纪中期,法国化学家路易·巴斯德从发酵研究中敏锐地察觉到微生物的巨大价值,并通过对炭疽病、狂犬病等的研究,不仅论证了微生物致病的细菌理论,还为医学实践提供了新的治疗手段,从而实现了现代医学的重大突破。从这个意义上说,巴斯德的细菌学研究引发了一场影响深远、惠及全人类的医学革命。

关键词：巴斯德细菌学医学疫苗

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布丹“帝国主义论”在中日的传布

史林 2024年第2期 67-76,217页

作者：王瀚浩南京大学政府管理学院 210023

第一次世界大战爆发前后,美国社会主义者布丹基于唯物史观,对当时出现的新现象——帝国主义展开了论述,指出仰赖钢铁生产的帝国主义是“资本主义终结的开始”,也是导致第一次世界大战爆发的原因。通过日本社会主义者堺利彦、河上肇等人... 详细信息

第一次世界大战爆发前后,美国社会主义者布丹基于唯物史观,对当时出现的新现象——帝国主义展开了论述,指出仰赖钢铁生产的帝国主义是“资本主义终结的开始”,也是导致第一次世界大战爆发的原因。通过日本社会主义者堺利彦、河上肇等人的译介,布丹的这一观点影响了李大钊、李达等人,是中国革命者接受并理解列宁《帝国主义论》的重要资源。不过,1924年之后布丹的看法迅速被列宁的相关论述所取代,并逐渐被人遗忘。

关键词：布丹帝国主义唯物史观李大钊李达

Mitochondrial GRIM19 Loss Induces Liver Fibrosis through NLRP3/IL33 Activation via Reactive Oxygen Species/NF-κB Signaling

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第6期12卷 539-550页

作者： Xiaohui Xu Jinmei Feng Xin wang Xin Zeng Ying Luo Xinyu He Meihua Yang Tiewei Lv Zijuan Feng Liming Bao Li Zhao Daochao Huang Yi Huang Institute of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory DiseasesChongqingChina Department of Cardiology Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Key Cardiovascular SpecialtyLaboratory of Children’s Important Organ Development and Diseases of Chongqing Municipal Health CommissionChongqingChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Chongqing Western HospitalChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases Ministry of EducationInstitute for Viral HepatitisChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Laboratory Medicine The Third People’s Hospital of ChengduChengduSichuanChina Departments of Neurology Epilepsy CenterBarnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Departments of Medicine(Oncology) Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Background and Aims:Hepatic fibrosis(HF)is a critical step in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Gene associated with retinoid-IFN-induced mortality 19(GRIM19),an essential component of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I,is frequently attenuated in various human cancers,including ***,we aimed to investigate the potential relationship and underlying mechanism between GRIM19 loss and HF ***:GRIM19 expression was evaluated in normal liver tissues,hepatitis,hepatic cirrhosis,and HCC using human liver disease spectrum tissue *** studied hepatocyte-specific GRIM19 knockout mice and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9(Cas9)lentivirus-mediated GRIM19 gene-editing in murine hepatocyte AML12 cells in vitro and in *** performed flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry,western blotting,and pharmacological intervention to uncover the potential mechanisms underlying GRIM19 loss-induced ***:Mitochondrial GRIM19 was progressively downregulated in chronic liver disease tissues,including hepatitis,cirrhosis,and HCC ***-specific GRIM19 heterozygous deletion induced spontaneous hepatitis and subsequent liver fibrogenesis in *** addition,GRIM19 loss caused chronic liver injury through reactive oxygen species(ROS)-mediated oxidative stress,resulting in aberrant NF-κB activation via an IKK/IKB partner in ***-more,GRIM19 loss activated NLRP3-mediated IL33 signaling administration of the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 dramatically via the ROS/NF-κB pathway in *** alleviated GRIM19 loss-driven HF in ***:The mitochondrial GRIM19 loss facilitates liver fibrosis through NLRP3/IL33 activation via ROS/NF-κB signaling,providing potential therapeutic approaches for earlier HF prevention.

关键词： Liver fibrosis GRIM19 Reactive Oxygen Species NF-κB NLRP3 inflammasome IL33.

Emerging contaminants:A One Health perspective

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The Innovation 2024年第4期5卷 140-170,139页

作者： Fang wang Leilei Xiang Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung Martin Elsner Ying Zhang Yuming Guo Bo Pan Hongwen Sun Taicheng An Guangguo Ying Bryan WBrooks Deyi Hou Damian EHelbling Jianqiang Sun Hao Qiu Timothy MVogel Wei Zhang Yanzheng Gao Myrna JSimpson Yi Luo Scott Xchang Guanyong Su Bryan MWong Tzung-May Fu Dong Zhu Karl JJobst Chengjun Ge Frederic Coulon Jean Damascene Harindintwali Xiankui Zeng Haijun wang Yuhao Fu Zhong Wei Rainer Lohmann changer Chen Yang Song Concepcion Sanchez-Cid Yu wang Ali El-Naggar Yiming Yao Yanran Huang Japhet Cheuk-Fung Law Chenggang Gu Huizhong Shen Yanpeng Gao Chao Qin Hao Li Tong Zhang Natàlia Corcoll Min Liu Daniel SAlessi Hui Li Kristian KBrandt Yolanda Pico Cheng Gu Jianhua Guo Jianqiang Su Philippe Corvini Mao Ye Teresa Rocha-Santos Huan He Yi Yang Meiping Tong Weina Zhang Fidèle Suanon Ferdi Brahushi Zhenyu wang Syed AHashsham Marko Virta Qingbin Yuan Gaofei Jiang louis A.Tremblay Qingwei Bu Jichun Wu Willie Peijnenburg Edward Topp Xinde Cao Xin Jiang Minghui Zheng Taolin Zhang Yongming Luo Lizhong Zhu Xiangdong Li DamiàBarceló Jianmin Chen Baoshan Xing Wulf Amelung Zongwei Cai Ravi Naidu Qirong Shen Janusz Pawliszyn Yong-guan Zhu Andreas Schaeffer Matthias C.Rillig Fengchang Wu Gang Yu James M.Tiedje State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen Virtual University ParkShenzhenChina Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural SciencesInstitute of Hydrochemistry85748 GarchingGermany School of Resources&Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China Department of Environmental Science Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research(CRASR) Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1UMR CNRS 5557UMR INRAE 1418VetAgro Sup69622 VilleurbanneFrance Department of Pla

Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary *** global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants,the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the *** response,global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants,as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN’s Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals,Waste,and Pollution *** review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health,emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health *** for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed,underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international *** actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.

关键词： pollution planet contaminants

Efficient network immunization under limited knowledge

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 127-134页

作者： Yangyang Liu Hillel Sanhedrai Gao Gao Dong louis M.Shekhtman Fan wang Sergey V.Buldyrev Shlomo Havlin Department of Systems Science National University of Defense Technology Department of Physics Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Science Jiangsu University Network Science Institute Northeastern University Department of Physics Yeshiva University

Targeted immunization of centralized nodes in large-scale networks has attracted significant ***, in real-world scenarios, knowledge and observations of the network may be limited, thereby precluding a full assessment of the optimal nodes to immunize（or quarantine） in order to avoid epidemic spreading such as that of the current coronavirus disease（COVID-19） epidemic. Here, we study a novel immunization strategy where only n nodes are observed at a time and the most central among these n nodes is immunized. This process can globally immunize a network. We find that even for small n（≈10） there is significant improvement in the immunization（quarantine）, which is very close to the levels of immunization with full knowledge. We develop an analytical framework for our method and determine the critical percolation threshold p;and the size of the giant component P∞ for networks with arbitrary degree distributions P（k）. In the limit of n →∞ we recover prior work on targeted immunization, whereas for n = 1 we recover the known case of random immunization. Between these two extremes, we observe that, as n increases,p;increases quickly towards its optimal value under targeted immunization with complete information. In particular, we find a new general scaling relationship between |p;（∞）-p;（n）| and n as |p;（∞）-p;（n）| ～n;exp（-αn）. For scale-free（SF） networks, where P（k）～ k;, 2 < γ < 3, we find that p;has a transition from zero to nonzero when n increases from n = 1 to O（log N）(where N is the size of the network). Thus, for SF networks, having knowledge of ≈log N nodes and immunizing the most optimal among them can dramatically reduce epidemic spreading. We also demonstrate our limited knowledge immunization strategy on several real-world networks and confirm that in these real networks, p;increases significantly even for small n.

关键词： percolation complex networks network immunization critical phenomena

Kinematic History and changes in the Tectonic Stress Regime during the Cenozoic along the Qinling and Southern Tanlu Fault Zones

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1999年第3期73卷 264-274页

作者： ZHANG Yueqiao Pierre Vergèly Jacques-louis Mercier wang Yongmin ZHANG Yong HUANG Dezhi Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of GeologyBeijing 100081China URA-CNRS:Géophysique et Géodynamique Interne Universitéde Parie-SudBatment 509F-91405Orsay-CedexFrance Institute of Geology Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resouces of Anhui ProvinceHefeiChina

Since the mid-late Eocene, North China has been subjected to extensional stress, resulting in the formation and development of basins. The dynamic origin of this crustal extension has long been an issue of debate. This paper presents the results of kinematic analyses of faults obtained from two seperated areas in North China. In the Weihe graben situated on the southernmost margin of the Ordos block, analyses of fault kinematics were coupled with an analysis of the basin's subsidence history. Three successive extensional tectonic phases accompaning the basin's formation and development have been distinguished. The Palaeogene extension was oriented in a WNW-ESE direction; the Neogene extension in a NE-SW direction and the Pliocene-Quaternary extension in a NW-SE direction. Such changes have also been recorded by fault kinematics along the southern Tanlu fault zone. This has been demonstrated by three successive sets of fault striations indicating normal dip slip resulting from NW-SE extension, then left-lateral slip with a normal component resulting from NE-SW extension, and right-lateral slip with a minor normal component, respectively. The kinematic history of faults and their chronological evolution indicate changes in continental dynamics acting in North China over Cenozoic time.

关键词： fault kinematics tectonic stress regime Qinling and Tanlu fault zones