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Effects of th. concentration and nature of total dissolved solids in drinking water on feed intake, nutrient digestion, energy balance,meth.ne emission, ruminal fermentation, and blood constituents in different breeds of young goats and h.ir sh.ep

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 84-95页

作者： Amlan Kumar Patra Luana Paula dos Santos Ribeiro h.rut Yirga Adekayode O.Sonibare Ah.ed R.Askar Ali h.h.ssein Ryszard Puch.la Arth.r louis Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department Desert Research Center Agriculture Food and Natural ResourcesEastern New Mexico University

Understanding h.w different livestock species and breeds respond to consumption of brackish.water could improve usage of th.s ***,Angora,Boer,and Spanish.goat doelings and Dorper,Katah.in,and *** ewe lambs (6 animals per animal type[AT];initial age=296±2.1 days)consuming water with.varying concentrations of minerals of a natural brackish.water source (BR) and sodium ch.oride (NaCl;SL) were used to determine effects on water and feed intake,nutrient digestion,h.at energy,meth.ne emission,ruminal fluid conditions,and blood constituent *** were 6 simultaneous 6 (water treatments[WT])×6 (AT) Latin squares with.3-wk *** WT were fresh.(FR),BR alone (100-BR),a similar total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration as 100-BR via NaCl addition to FR (100-SL),BR with.concentrations of all minerals increased by approximately 50%(150-BR),a similar TDS level as 150-BR by NaCl addition to FR (150-SL),and a similar 150 TDS level ach.eved by addition of a 1:1 mixture of BR minerals and NaCl to 100-BR (150-BR/SL).Concentrations (mg/kg) in BR were 4928 TDS,85.9 bicarbonate,224.9 calcium,1175 ch.oride,60.5 magnesium,4.59 potassium,1387sodium,1962 sulfate,and 8.3 boron,and TDS in oth.r WT were 209,5684,7508,8309,and 7319 mg/kg for FR,100-SL,150-BR,150-SL,and 150-BR/SL,*** were very few significant effects of WT or AT×WT interactions,alth.ugh.AT h.d numerous *** intake was affected by AT (P=0.02)and WT (P=0.04),with.greater water intake for 150-SL th.n for FR,100-BR,100-SL,and *** matter intake among AT was lowest (Ph.at energy differed among AT (Ph.ne emission were similar among *** aldosterone concentration was h.gh.r (Ph.n for oth.r *** conclusion,all AT seemed resilient to th.se WT regardless of mineral source and concentrations,with.TDS less th.n 8300 mg/kg,wh.ch.did

关键词： Goats h.ir sh.ep Nutrient utilization Ruminal fermentation Salinity Water quality

Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach.to digital and h.me-based ph.sical training interventions aiming to support h.alth. cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and h.alth.Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian h.rold Paula Th.obald Th.mas Gronwald Navin Kaush.l Liye Zou Eling D.de Bruin louis Bh.rer Notger GMüller Research.Group Degenerative and Ch.onic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany Department of h.alth.Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of h.alth.Sciences and Tech.ology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland Department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Department of h.alth OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland Montreal h.art Institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada Department of Medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Rech.rch. de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:Th.re is mounting evidence th.t regular ph.sical activity is an important prerequisite for h.alth. cognitive ***,th. finding th.t almost one-th.rd of th. adult population does not reach.th. recommended level of regular ph.sical activity calls for furth.r public h.alth.*** th.s context,digital and h.me-based ph.sical training interventions migh. be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,th.s systematic review aimed to summarize th. current state of th. literature on th. effects of digital and h.me-based ph.sical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In th.s pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;ID:CRD42022320031),5 electronic databases(PubMed,Web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORTDiscus,and Coch.ane Library)were search.d by 2 independent research.rs(Fh.and PT)to identify eligible studies investigating th. effects of digital and h.me-based ph.sical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search.yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from oth.r sources),of wh.ch.27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(Fh.and PT)independently extracted data and assessed th. risk of bias using a modified version of th. Tool for th. assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale).Results:Of th. 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and ch.ice stepping reaction test),and a considerable h.terogeneity concerning study-related,population-related,and intervention-related ch.racteristics was noticed.A more detailed analysis suggests th.t,in particular,interventions using online classes and tech.ology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in h.alth. older *** one-h.lf of th. reviewed studies were rated as h.ving a h.gh.risk of bias with.respect

关键词： Brain Cognition Digital h.alth Exercise-cognition Ph.sical activity

Statistical Study of th. Geoeffectivity of h.lo Coronal Mass Ejections Associated with.X-Class Flares during Solar Cycles 23 and 24

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 950-960页

作者： Younoussa Diakite Ch.istian Zoundi M’Bi Kabore Jean louis Zerbo Laboratoire de Ch.mie Analytique de Physique Spatiale et Energ&#233tique (L@CAPSE) Physics Department Universit&#233 Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Maté riaux d&#8217H&#233liophysique et Environnement (LAMHE) Physics Department Universit&#233 Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

By analysing a long series of data (1996-2019), we sh.w th.t solar cycle 23 was more marked by violent solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) compared to solar cycle 24. In particular, th. h.lo coronal mass ejections associated with.X-class flares appear to be among th. most energetic events in solar activity given th. size of th. flares, th. speed of th. CMEs and th. intense geomagnetic storms th.y produce. Out of eigh.y-six (86) X-class h.lo CMEs, th.rty-seven (37) or 43% are h.gh.y geoeffective;twenty-four (24) or approximately 28% are moderately geoeffective and twenty-five (25) or 29% are not geoeffective. Over th. two solar cycles (1996 to 2019), 71% of storms were geoeffective and 29% were not. For solar cycle 23, about 78% of storms were geoeffective, wh.le for solar cycle 24, about 56% were geoeffective. For th. statistical study based on speed, 85 h.lo CMEs associated with.X-class flares were selected because th. CME of 6 December 2006 h.s no recorded speed value. For both.solar cycles, 75.29% of th. h.lo CMEs associated with.X-class flares h.ve a speed greater th.n 1000 km/s. Th. study sh.wed th.t 42.18% of h.lo (X) CMEs with.speeds above 1000 km/s could cause intense geomagnetic disturbances. Th.se results sh.w th. contribution (in terms of speed) of each.class of h.lo (X) CMEs to th. perturbation of th. Earth.s magnetic field. Coronal mass ejections th.n become one of th. key indicators of solar activity, especially as th.y affect th. Earth.

关键词： CME h.lo (X) Geoeffectivity Geomagnetic Storm Solar Flare Solar Cycle

Study of th. Biological Quality of th. Water in th. Manantali Dam Reservoir: Analysis of th. Fish.Fauna and Plankton Communities

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Journal of Agricultural Ch.mistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 100-114页

作者： Joseph.Mbeur Faye Saïdou Ndao louis Eugène Victor Sambou Laboratory of Water and Environment Sciences and Tech.ologies (LaSTEE) Polytechnic School of Thies (EPT) Thies Senegal UFR Sciences et Tech.ologies (SET) University Iba Der Thiam of Thies (UIDT) Thies Senegal

Th. aim of th.s study of th. Manantali dam reservoir is to investigate th. biological quality of th. water th.ough.inventories and analysis of th. ich.h.ofauna and planktonic communities (zooplankton and ph.toplankton). Inventories of ich.h.ofauna and plankton communities were carried out quarterly from 2003 to 2022. Th. fish.populations studied on th. basis of bioindicators (species rich.ess, diversity index, equitability index, diversification index) identified 29 species belonging to 10 families. Th. Cich.idae family is th. most represented, wh.le th. Sch.lbeidae and Tetraodontioae families are less represented in terms of number of species. Th. species h.drocynus forskalii and Brycinus nurse with.relative abundances of 40.12% and 21.4% respectively, both.from th. family Alestidae, are th. most abundant. Th. species h. forskalii h.s a frequency of occurrence of 100%. Th. specific diversity index of 2.9 and th. equitability index of 0.6 sh.w an average diversity of fish.species. Th. diversification index of 2.9 indicates a th.oretical number of h.bitats of 2 to 3. Th. planktonic community is made up of zooplankton and ph.toplankton. Th. inventory of zooplankton sh.ws th. presence of 28 zooplankton species belonging to 9 families of th. th.ee zooplankton groups Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda. Analysis of th. frequencies of occurrence of th. various taxa sh.wed th.t th. ch.racteristic species of Lake Manantali are th. omnipresent rotifers Keratella coch.earis, Keratella quadrata and Trich.cerca ch.ttoni. For ph.toplankton, th. inventories carried out sh.w th. presence of 65 species belonging to 5 families (Ch.oroph.cees, Diatomees, Dinoph.cees, Ch.ysoph.cees and Cyanoph.cees). An analysis of th. frequency of occurrence of th. various taxa sh.ws th.t th. ch.racteristic species of Lake Manantali are Ch.oroph.cees, with.7 species: Desmidium baileyi, Micrasterias alata, Sph.erocystis sch.oeteri, Spondylosium sp., Staurastrum h.imii, Staurastrum subanch.ra, Staurodesmu

关键词： Inventory Fish Zooplankton Ph.toplankton Diversity Manantali

Gut microbial regulation of innate and adaptive immunity after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 272-276页

作者： Marta Celorrio Kirill Sh.milov Stuart h.Friess Department of Pediatrics Washington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Acute care management of traumatic brain injury is focused on th. prevention and reduction of secondary insults such.as h.potension,h.poxia,intracranial h.pertension,and detrimental ***,th. imperative to balance multiple clinical concerns simultaneously often results in th.rapeutic strategies targeted to address one clinical concern causing unintended effects in oth.r remote organ *** th. bidirectional communication between th. gastrointestinal tract and th. brain h.s been sh.wn to influence both.th. central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract h.meostasis in h.alth.and disease.A critical component of th.s axis is th. microorganisms of th. gut known as th. gut *** in gut microbial populations in th. setting of central nervous system disease,including traumatic brain injury,h.ve been reported in both.h.mans and experimental animal models and can be furth.r disrupted by off-target effects of patient *** th.s review article,we will explore th. important role gut microbial populations play in regulating brain-resident and periph.ral immune cell responses after traumatic brain *** will discuss th. role of bacterial metabolites in gut microbial regulation of neuroinflammation and th.ir potential as an avenue for th.rapeutic intervention in th. setting of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： gut microbiome gut microbiota gut-brain axis macroph.ge microglia monocyte neuroinflammation sh.rt-ch.in fatty acids T cell traumatic brain injury

Management of Acute Malnutrition in Ch.ldren Aged 0 to 24 Month. Boulbinet h.alth.Center

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 122-131页

作者： Moh.med Lamine Diallo Mamadou Ciré Barry M’mah.Aminata Bangoura louis Ph.lippe Diffo Mamadouba Bangoura Fatoumata Sacko Telly Sy Pediatric Urgencies Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Pediatric Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Institute of Nutrition and Ch.ld h.alth.(INSE) Conakry Guinea Boulbinet h.alth.Center Conakry Guine Gynecology-Obstetrics Department H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Malnutrition is a path.logical state resulting from th. relative deficiency or excess of one or more essential nutrients, wh.th.r manifested clinically or detected only by bioch.mical, anth.opometric or ph.siological analyses. Th. overall objective was to assess th. quality of management of acute malnutrition in ch.ldren aged 0 - 24 month. at th. Boulbinet h.alth.center. Meth.dology: Th.s was a prospective descriptive study lasting six (06) month. from May 5 to October 5, 2018. Th. study included all ch.ldren aged 0 to 24 month.. Results: Acute malnutrition in ch.ldren aged 0 - 24 month. accounted for 2.11% of cases. Th. sex ratio was 1.41 in favor of males. Th. mean age of our patients was 5 month. 7 days, with.extremes of 1 month.and 6 month.. Th. majority came from Ra toma (40.24%). Exclusive breastfeeding was most common (54.02%). Th. main clinical signs were: pallor 49.42%, diarrh.a 46.67, oral lesions37.96%. SAM represented 89.66% and MAM 10.34%. Most associated path.logies: anemia 49.42% and oral candidiasis 37.93%. In terms of outcome, we recorded 56.32% cures, 20.69% death., 18.39% dropouts and 4.60% cures. Conclusion: Improving th. quality of care for malnourish.d ch.ldren aged 0 - 24 month. requires raising awareness among moth.rs and th. general public of th. consequences of malnutrition.

关键词： Management Acute Malnutrition Center Boulbinet

Isolative Synth.sis and Ch.racterization of Cellulose and Cellulose Nanocrystals from Typh. angustifolia

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2443-2459页

作者： Lynda S. Mesoppirr evans K. Suter Wesley N. Omwoyo Nath.n M. Oyaro Simph.we M. Nelana Department of Math.matics and Ph.sical Science Maasai Mara University Narok Kenya Biotech.ology and Ch.mistry Department Vaal University of Technology Vanderbijlpark South Africa

Th. application potential of cellulosic materials in natural composites and oth.r fields needs to be explored to develop innovative, sustainable, ligh.weigh., functional biomass materials th.t are also environmentally friendly. Th.s study investigated Typh. angustifolia (Typh. sp.) as a potential new raw material for extracting cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) for application in wastewater treatment composites. Alkaline treatments and bleach.ng were used to remove cellulose from th. stem fibres. Th. CNCs were th.n isolated from th. recovered cellulose using acid h.drolysis. Th. study sh.wed a few distinct functional groups (O-h. -C-h. =C-h.and C-O, and C-O-C) in th. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed th. smooth.surface of CPC and CNCs, wh.ch.resulted from removing lignin and h.micellulose from powdered Typh. angustifolia. Based on th. crystalline index, th. powdered Typh. angustifolia, CPC, and CNCs were 42.86%, 66.94% and 77.41%. Th. loss of th. amorph.us section of th. Typh. sp. fibre resulted in a decrease in particle size. It may be inferred from th. features of a Typh. sp. CNC th.t CNCs may be employed as reinforcement in composites for wastewater treatment.

关键词： Typh. angustifolia Cellulose Acid h.drolysis Ch.mically Purified Cellulose Cellulose Nanocrystals

A CONSIDERATION OF Th. PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF WILL DOWNS WITh.A GENERAL CORRELATION OF Ch.NESE NEOGENE LOCALITIES

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 2004年第4期42卷 340-344页

作者： Cath.rine BADGLEY,Lawrence J. FLYNN,louis L. JACOBS,louis h. TAYLOR Museum of Paleontology University of Mich.gan Ann Arbor Peabody Museum h.rvard University Cambridge Department of Geological Sciences South.rn Meth.dist University Dallas Denver Museum of Nature and Science Denver Mich.gan 48109-1079 USA Massach.setts 02138 USA Texas 75275 USA Colorado 801280-6419 USA

William R. Downs, Ⅲ, known as Dong Weilin to many friends, died a relatively young man ( 1950 ～ 2002) at th. h.igh. of h.s career in *** career began at th. Museum of North.rn Arizona in 1975. One of h.s early tasks was th. preparation of Triassic cynodonts from Antarctica for Edwin ***, th.n Curator Emeritus of th. American Museum of Natural h.story and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology at th. Museum of North.rn Arizona (Colbert and Kitch.ng, 1977). Will prepared th. Early Jurassic armored ornith.sch.an Scutellosaurus for Colbert (1981), and h. collected and prepared a skull of Pentaceratops from th. Cretaceous of th. San Juan Basin (Rowe et al., 1981 ).One of h.s early ventures into screen-wash.ng was near th. Pentaceratops site in th. San Juan Basin (Flynn, 1986) wh.re mammals were poorly represented. In th. mid-1980' s, Will left th. Museum of North.rn Arizona to become affiliated with.North.rn Arizona University, also in Flagstaff. In addition, h. was briefly employed to revamp th. fossil preparation laboratories at South.rn Meth.dist University in Dallas, during wh.ch.time h. joined in excavations of a large series of small primitive ornith.pods in Texas (Winkler et al.,1988). h. maintained an office at th. Bilby Research.Center, and th.n th. Department of Geology,at North.rn Arizona University until th. time of h.s death

关键词： Ch.na Neogene fossil mammals Will Downs

Factors affecting use of ballistics gelatin in laboratory studies of bacterial contamination in projectile wounds

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Military Medical Research 2018年第4期5卷 304-313页

作者： Jessica J. evans Aaron Bost Karim h. Muci-Küch.er Linda C. DeVeaux Biomedical Engineering Program South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Mech.nical Engineering Department South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Biology New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Background: Ballistics gelatin is a common tissue surrogate used in bacterial contamination models for projectile wounds. Alth.ugh.th.se studies h.ve demonstrated th.t bacteria are transferred from th. surface of th. gelatin to th. wound track by a projectile, quantifiable results h.ve been inconsistent and not repeatable in successive ***: In th.s study, five areas of a typical contamination model in wh.ch.bacterial recovery or survival are affected were identified for optimization. Th. first was a contaminated "skin" surrogate, wh.re th. novel use of vacuum filtration of a bacterial culture and buffer onto filter paper was employed. Th. oth.r possibly problematic areas of th. bacterial distribution model included th. determination of bacterial survival wh.n th. contamination model is dried, survival in solid and molten gelatin, and th. effect of h.gh.intensity ligh.s used for recording h.gh.speed ***: Vacuum filtration of bacteria and buffer resulted in a consistent bacterial distribution and recovery. Th. use of ph.sph.te buffer M9(ph.7) aided in neutralizing th. ballistics gelatin and improving bacterial survival in solid gelatin. Additionally, th. use of h.gh.intensity ligh.s to record h.gh.speed video and th. use of a 42℃ water bath.to melt th. gelatin were found to be bactericidal for gram-positive and gram-negative ***: Multiple areas of a typical contamination model in wh.ch.bacterial survival may be impeded were identified, and meth.ds were proposed to improve survival in each.area. Th.se meth.ds may be used to optimize th. results of bacterial contamination models for medical applications, such.as understanding th. progression of infection in penetrating wounds and to identify possible sources of contamination for forensic purposes.

关键词： Ballistics gelatin Wound Contamination Bacterial model