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From Monoculture to Norfolk System: How the Number of Crops in Rotation Can Influence the Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Assemblages in the Soil

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第17期4卷 1080-1088页

作者： Franco Magurno Zita Sasvári lorenzo barchi Katalin Posta Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology Group Institute of Plant Protection Szent István University Godollo Hungary DISAFA (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Forestali e Alimentari) Plant Genetics and Breeding University of Torino Torino Italy

Given the attention drawn since several decades by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as potential biological alternatives to chemicals in a low-input agriculture, much effort has been spent in the investigation of mechanisms influencing the dynamics inside AMF communities. In the present study we evaluated the influence of different crop rotations on the AMF soil community, after a 50 y long-term field experiment established at Martonvásár, Hungary. Four types of crop rotation were chosen for sampling: corn monocropping, corn-alfalfa, corn-wheat, and corn-spring barley-peas-wheat. Community composition of AMF in soil was analyzed with a molecular approach amplifying a portion of 28S rDNA. The crop rotation practice didn’t show an influence on identity of the species composing AMF assemblages, but on the other hand seemed to affect positively the true diversity, defined as number of MOTUs present in the communities.

关键词： Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Soil Diversity Crop Rotation

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Grafting vigour is associated with DNA de-methylation in eggplant

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 3311-3320页

作者： Elisa Cerruti Carmina Gisbert Hajk-Georg Drost Danila Valentino Ezio Portis lorenzo barchi Jaime Prohens Sergio Lanteri Cinzia Comino Marco Catoni Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesPlant Genetics and BreedingUniversity of TorinoGrugliascoItaly The Sainsbury Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Institute for Conservation&Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity(COMAV) Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain Computational Biology Group Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologyTübingenGermany School of Biosciences University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection National Research Council of ItalyTorinoItaly

In horticulture,grafting is a popular technique used to combine positive traits from two different *** is achieved by joining the plant top part(scion)onto a rootstock which contains the stem and *** can provide resistance to stress and increase plant production,but despite their wide use,the biological mechanisms driving rootstock-induced alterations of the scion phenotype remain largely *** that epigenetics plays a relevant role during distance signalling in plants,we studied the genome-wide DNA methylation changes induced in eggplant(Solanum melongena)scion using two interspecific rootstocks to increase *** found that vigour was associated with a change in scion gene expression and a genome-wide hypomethylation in the CHH ***,this hypomethylation correlated with the downregulation of younger and potentially more active long terminal repeat retrotransposable elements(LTR-TEs),suggesting that graft-induced epigenetic modifications are associated with both physiological and molecular phenotypes in grafted *** results indicate that the enhanced vigour induced by heterografting in eggplant is associated with epigenetic modifications,as also observed in some heterotic hybrids.

关键词： younger driving grafted

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