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Deforestation in Latin America in the 2000s predominantly occurred outside of typical mature forests

The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 88-98页

作者： Zhiyu Zhang Wenjian Ni Shaun Quegan jingming Chen Peng Gong Luiz Carlos Estraviz Rodriguez Huadong Guo jiancheng shi Liangyun Liu Zengyuan Li Yating He Qinhuo Liu Yosio shimabukuro guoqing Sun Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Chinal of Mathematics and Statistics University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK Department of Geography and Program in Planning University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G3Canada Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Geography University of Hong KongHong KongChina Forest Science Department Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11Piracicaba 13418-900Brazil National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Research Institute of Forest Policy and Information Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Remote Sensing Department National Institute for Space Research(INPE)Av.dos Astronautas 1758São Josédos Campos 12227-010Brazil Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

The role of tropical forests in the global carbon budget remains controversial,as carbon emissions from deforestation are highly *** high uncertainty arises from the use of either fixed forest carbon stock density or maps generated from satellite-based optical reflectance with limited sensitivity to biomass to generate accurate estimates of emissions from *** space missions aiming to accurately map the carbon stock density rely on direct measurements of the spatial structures of forests using lidar and *** found that lost forests are special cases,and their spatial structures can be directly measured by combining archived data acquired before and after deforestation by space missions principally aimed at measuring ***,using biomass mapping,we obtained new estimates of carbon loss from deforestation ahead of forthcoming space ***,using a high-resolution map of forest loss and the synergy of radar and lidar to estimate the aboveground biomass density of forests,we found that deforestation in the 2000s in Latin America,one of the severely deforested regions,mainly occurred in forests with a significantly lower carbon stock density than typical mature forests.

关键词： forest Latin lidar

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Modeling of ion cyclotron resonance frequency heating of proton-boron plasmas in EHL-2 spherical tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 39-48页

作者： Xianshu WU jingchun LI jiaqi DONG Yuejiang shi guoqing LIU Yong LIU Zhiqiang LONG Buqing ZHANG Baoshan YUAN Y.K.Martin PENG Minsheng LIU Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&SafetyCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 510640People’s Republic of China Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China ENN Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd.and Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact FusionLangfang 065001People’s Republic of China Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd. Shenzhen 518057People’s Republic of China

Ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH)stands out as a widely utilized and cost-effective auxiliary method for plasma heating,bearing significant importance in achieving high-performance discharges in p-^(11)B *** light of the specific context of p-^(11)B plasma in the EHL-2 device,we conducted a comprehensive scan of the fundamental physical parameters of the antenna using the full-wave simulation program *** preliminary result indicated that for p-^(11)B plasma,optimal ion heating parameters include a frequency of 40 MHz,with a high toroidal mode number like N_(?)=28 to heat the majority H *** addition,we discussed the impact of concentration of minority ion species on ion cyclotron resonance heating when^(11)B serves as the heavy minority *** significant difference in charge-to-mass ratio between boron and hydrogen ions results in a considerable distance between the hybrid resonance layer and the tow inverted cyclotron resonance layer,necessitating a quite low boron ion concentration to achieve effective minority *** also considered another method of direct heating of hydrogen ions in the presence of boron ion *** is found that at appropriate boron ion concentrations(X(^(11)B)~17%),the position of the hybrid resonance layer approaches that of the hydrogen ion cyclotron resonance layer,thereby altering the polarization at this position and significantly enhancing hydrogen ion fundamental absorption.

关键词： ICRF hydrogen-boron fusion mode conversion fundamental absorption

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Hydrogen bond producers in powerful protic ionic liquids for enhancing dissolution of natural cellulose

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SusMat 2024年第5期4卷 189-201页

作者： shi-Peng Chen Dan-Yang Zhao jin-Long Zhu jing Wang Gan-ji Zhong Hua-Dong Huang Zhong-Ming Li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduChina

The manipulation of hydrogen bonding within protic ionic liquids is conducive to conquering the robust hydrogen bonding interactions in cellulose for its effective dissolution,but it is a great challenge to establish the delicate bal-ance of hydrogen bonding network between solvent and ***,we proposed the concept of“hydrogen bond producers”for urea molecules in 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium methoxyacetate acid([TMGH][MAA])to enhance the dissolution of *** optimization of physicochemical properties for[TMGH][MAA]solvent as a function of urea concentration revealed a remark-able increase in cellulose solubility from 13%to 17%(w/w)by adding only 0.25 wt%urea,highlighting the efficiency of[TMGH][MAA]as a power-ful solvent for the dissolution of *** experimental and simulation results verified that the significant improvement on dissolution of cellulose was attributed to the hydrogen bonding interaction of urea molecules with ion pairs and part of free ions,reducing the interference with the active ions bonded to ***,the considerable enhancement on compre-hensive properties of regenerated cellulose films demonstrated the effectiveness of[TMGH][MAA]/urea *** concept of“hydrogen bond producers”presented here opens a new avenue for significantly enhancing the dissolu-tion of natural cellulose,promoting the sustainable development in large-scale processing of cellulose.

关键词： cellulose dissolution hydrogen bond producers protic ionic liquids

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Better use of experience from other reservoirs for accurate production forecasting by learn-to-learn method

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 716-728页

作者： Hao-Chen Wang Kai Zhang Nancy Chen Wen-Sheng Zhou Chen Liu ji-Fu Wang Li-Ming Zhang Zhi-Gang Yu shi-Ti Cui Mei-Chun Yang China University of Petroleum(East China) 66 Changjiang West RoadQingdao West Coast New AreaQingdao266580ShandongChina University of Calgary 2500 University Dr NWCalgaryT2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266071ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation Beijing100028China CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. Beijing100028China CNPC Tarim Oilfield Branch Company Korla841000XinjiangChina National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil and Gas Fields Xi'an710000ShaanxiChina Sinopec Matrix Co. LTDQingdao266000ShandongChina

To assess whether a development strategy will be profitable enough,production forecasting is a crucial and difficult step in the *** development history of other reservoirs in the same class tends to be studied to make predictions ***,the permeability field,well patterns,and development regime must all be similar for two reservoirs to be considered in the same *** results in very few available experiences from other reservoirs even though there is a lot of historical information on numerous reservoirs because it is difficult to find such similar *** paper proposes a learn-to-learn method,which can better utilize a vast amount of historical data from various ***,the proposed method first learns how to learn samples before directly learning rules in ***,by utilizing gradients from networks with independent parameters and copied structure in each class of reservoirs,the proposed network obtains the optimal shared initial parameters which are regarded as transferable information across different *** on that,the network is able to predict future production indices for the target reservoir by only training with very limited samples collected from reservoirs in the same *** cases further demonstrate its superiority in accuracy to other widely-used network methods.

关键词： Production forecasting Multiple patterns Few-shot learning Transfer learning

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Large-Scale Carbon Dioxide Storage in Salt Caverns:Evaluation of Operation,Safety,and Potential in China

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 226-246页

作者： Wei Liu Xiong Zhang jifang Wan Chunhe Yang Liangliang jiang Zhangxin Chen Maria Jose Jurado Xilin shi Deyi jiang Wendong ji Qihang Li State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China China Energy Digital Technology Group Co.Ltd. Beijing 100044China Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430064China Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo 315200China Geosciences Barcelona CSIC Spanish National Research CouncilBarcelona 08028Spain

Underground salt cavern CO_(2) storage(SCCS)offers the dual benefits of enabling extensive CO_(2) storage and facilitating the utilization of CO_(2) resources while contributing the regulation of the carbon *** economic and operational advantages over traditional carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)projects make SCCS a more cost-effective and flexible *** the widespread use of salt caverns for storing various substances,differences exist between SCCS and traditional salt cavern energy storage in terms of gas-tightness,carbon injection,brine extraction control,long-term carbon storage stability,and site selection *** distinctions stem from the unique phase change characteristics of CO_(2) and the application scenarios of ***,targeted and forward-looking scientific research on SCCS is *** paper introduces the implementation principles and application scenarios of SCCS,emphasizing its connections with carbon emissions,carbon utilization,and renewable energy peak *** delves into the operational characteristics and economic advantages of SCCS compared with other CCUS methods,and addresses associated scientific *** this paper,we establish a pressure equation for carbon injection and brine extraction,that considers the phase change characteristics of CO_(2),and we analyze the pressure during carbon *** comparing the viscosities of CO_(2) and other gases,SCCS’s excellent sealing performance is *** on this,we develop a long-term stability evaluation model and associated indices,which analyze the impact of the injection speed and minimum operating pressure on *** countermeasures to ensure stability are *** selection criteria for SCCS are established,preliminary salt mine sites suitable for SCCS are identified in China,and an initial estimate of achievable carbon storage scale in China is made at over 51.8-77.7 million tons,utilizing only 20%-30%volume

关键词： Carbon-neutrality Salt cavern Large-scale CO_(2)storage Injection and withdrawal Stability analysis

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Studying the variable energy band structure for energy storage materials in charge/discharge process

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 584-589页

作者： Xuancheng Chen Yu Huan Ningqiang Sun Yuanhui Su Xuesong Shen guoqing Li jiaqi Zhang Tao Wei University of jinan Ji'nan 250022China Weichai Power Co. Ltd.Weifang 261061China

So far,a clear understanding about the relationship of variable energy band structure with the corresponding charge-discharge process of energy storage materials is still ***,using optical spectroscopy(red-green-blue(RGB)value,reflectivity,transmittance,UV-vis,XPS,UPS)to studyα-Co(OH)_(2) electrode working in KOH electrolyte as the research object,we provide direct experimental evidence that:(1)The intercalation of OH-ions will reduce the valence/conduction band(VB and CB)and band gap energy(Eg)values;(2)The deintercalation of OH-ions corresponds with the reversion of VB,CB and E_(g) to the initial values;(3)The color of Co(OH)_(2) electrode also exhibit regular variations in RGB value during the charge-discharge process.

关键词： Variable energy band structure Energy storage materials Charge-discharge process Optical spectroscopy Supercapacitors

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公共政策社会影响评估的价值观变革与方法论创新

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江苏社会科学 2024年第2期 103-111,I0004页

作者：陈琛施国庆中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院河海大学公共管理学院

党的十八大以来,党中央高度重视科学决策、民主决策,公共政策评估研究和实践进入快速发展阶段。自第四代评估的概念提出之后,公共政策的外溢效应评估即社会影响评估在国际上呈现三种发展趋势:建构主义、民主协商与伦理约束。从价值观视... 详细信息

党的十八大以来,党中央高度重视科学决策、民主决策,公共政策评估研究和实践进入快速发展阶段。自第四代评估的概念提出之后,公共政策的外溢效应评估即社会影响评估在国际上呈现三种发展趋势:建构主义、民主协商与伦理约束。从价值观视角剖析,三者体现为科学主义与实证主义反思所引领的本体论与认识论的变革;从方法论视角审视,三者体现为多元主体治理与解释学辩证所代表的创新趋势。新趋势是科学化与民主化两种倾向博弈的结果,具体表现为经过管理学派与参与学派近二十年来的争论,后者逐渐取代前者成为主流。对我国而言,社会影响评估理论的引介既符合关口前移的风险治理思路,也从公众参与视角丰富了社会治理的工具箱,有助于提高我国决策的民主性和科学性。

关键词：政策评估社会影响评估建构主义社会责任社会风险

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Clinical practice guideline for acupuncture and moxibustion:Allergic rhinitis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 245-257页

作者： shi-hao Du Sheng Chen Shan-ze Wang Guan-qun Wang Shuo Du Wei Guo Xiao-long Xie Bi-hui Peng Chao Yang ji-ping Zhao Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

Acupuncture is one of the most effective complementary therapies for allergic rhinitis(AR)and has been recommended by several clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)for ***,these CPGs mentioned acupuncture without making recommendations for clinical implementation and therapeutic protocols,therefore limiting the applicability of acupuncture therapies for ***,for the benefit of acupuncture practitioners around the world,the World Federation of Acupuncture-moxibustion Societies have initiated a project to develop the CPG for the use of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat *** CPG was developed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)methodology,referring to the principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline *** the development of the CPG,the guideline development group(GDG)played an important *** clinical questions,recommendations and therapeutic protocols were all formulated by the GDG using the modified Delphi *** CPG contains recommendations for 15 clinical questions about the use of acupuncture and moxibustion *** include one strong recommendation for the intervention based on high-quality evidence,three conditional recommendations for either the intervention or standard care,and 11 conditional recommendations for the intervention based on very low quality of *** CPG also provides one filiform needle acupuncture protocol and five moxibustion protocols extracted based on the protocols presented in randomized controlled trials reviewed by the GDG.

关键词： Clinical practice guideline Allergic rhinitis Acupuncture Moxibustion GRADE

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Controlling hydrogenation of C=C and C=O bonds in cinnamaldehyde using Pt_(1)/Ni and Pt_(1)/Co single-atom alloy catalysts

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2859-2868页

作者： Huan-shi Lan Yi-Da Yang Qing-Di Sun Hao Zhang Ying Zhang Qian He Ran Chen Guo-Yi Bai Xiao-Hui He Hong-Bing ji School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Bioinorganicand Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education Fine Chemical Industry Research InstituteSchool of ChemistryIGCMESun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China UBFC CNRSENSMMFEMTO-ST Institute25030 Besancon CEDEXFrance College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology Institute of Green Petroleum Processing and Light Hydrocarbon ConversionCollege of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Selective hydrogenation of C=C and C=O bonds in cinnamaldehyde(CAL)to produce desired products is a challenging task due to the complex conjugate system of the two unsaturated functional *** this study,a simple ball milling method is presented for synthesizing Pt-based single-atom alloy catalysts(SAAs)that can function as a control switch for the selective hydrogenation of CAL into highly valuable products.

关键词： alloy hydrogenation conjugate

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Clinical practice guideline for acupuncture and moxibustion: Female urinary incontinence

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 258-269页

作者： Chao Yang Shan-ze Wang Sheng Chen Shuo Du Guan-qun Wang Wei Guo Xiao-long Xie Bi-hui Peng shi-hao Du ji-ping Zhao Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Guangdong provincial hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common problem *** has a major impact on physical and social activities and interpersonal *** is common in women,but is under-reported and *** affects the quality of life of female patients *** and moxibustion have been proposed as potentially effective interventions for female ***,for the benefit of acupuncture practitioners around the world,the World Federation of Acupuncture-moxibustion Societies initiated a project to develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the use of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat female *** CPG was developed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology,referring to the principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline *** the development of the CPG,the guideline development group (GDG) played an important *** clinical questions,recommendations and therapeutic protocols were all formulated by GDG using the modified Delphi *** CPG contains ten recommendations about the use of acupuncture and moxibustion interventions for ten clinical questions,which include nine conditional recommendations for the intervention and one conditional recommendation for either the intervention or the *** CPG also provides one protocol for conventional filiform needle therapy,two therapy protocols for deep needling stimulation on lumbosacral acupoints,and four moxibustion therapy protocols,based on the protocols presented in randomized controlled trials reviewed by the GDG.

关键词： Acupuncture Clinical practice guideline Female urinary incontinence Moxibustion GRADE

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