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Surface roughness classification using light scattering matrix and deep learning

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 520-535页

作者： SUN Hao TAN Wei RUAN Yixiao BAI long xu JianFeng State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan Digital Design and Manufacturing Innovation Center Co. LtdWuhan 430074China

High-quality optical components have been widely used in various applications;thus,extremely high beam quality is ***,surface roughness is a key indicator of the surface *** this study,the angular distribution of light scattering field intensity was obtained for surfaces having different roughness profiles based on the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the results were compared with those obtained using the generalized Harvey-Shack(GHS)*** was shown that the FDTD approach can be used for an accurate simulation of the scattered field of a rough surface,and the superposition of results obtained from many surfaces that have the same roughness level was in good agreement with the result given by the analytic GHS model.A light scattering matrix(LSM)method was proposed based on the FDTD simulation results that could obtain rich surface roughness *** classification effect of LSM was compared with that of the single-incidence scattering distribution(SISD)based on a ResNet-50 deep learning *** classification accuracy of the model trained with the LSM dataset was obtained as 95.74%,which was 23.40%higher than that trained using the SISD ***,the effects of different noise types and filtering methods on the classification performance were analyzed,and the LSM was also shown to improve the robustness and generalizability of the trained surface roughness ***,the proposed LSM method has important implications for improving the data acquisition scheme of current light scattering measurement systems,and it also has the potential to be used for detection and characterization of surface defects of optical components.

关键词： surface roughness FDTD simulation GHS theory deep learning light scattering matrix

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A single-cell transcriptome atlas reveals the trajectory of early cell fate transition during callus induction in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 18-31页

作者： Ruilian Yin Ruiying Chen Keke xia xun xu College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10049China BGI Research Beijing 102601China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518120GuangdongChina

The acquisition of pluripotent callus from somatic cells plays an important role in plant development studies and crop genetic *** developmental process incorporates a series of cell fate transitions and ***,our understanding of cell heterogeneity and mechanisms of cell fate transition during callus induction remains quite ***,we report a time-series single-cell transcriptome experiment on Arabidopsis root explants that were induced in callus induction medium for 0,1,and 4 days,and the construction of a detailed single-cell transcriptional atlas of the callus induction *** identify the cell types responsible for initiating the early callus:lateral root primordium-initiating(LRPI)-like cells and quiescent center(QC)-like ***-like cells are derived from xylem pole pericycle cells and are similar to lateral root *** delineate the developmental trajectory of the dedifferentiation of LRPI-like cells into QC-like ***-like cells are undifferentiated pluripotent acquired cells that appear in the early stages of callus formation and play a critical role in later callus development and organ *** also identify the transcription factors that regulate QC-like cells and the gene expression signatures that are related to cell fate de***,our cell-lineage transcriptome atlas for callus induction provides a distinct perspective on cell fate transitions during callus formation,significantly improving our understanding of callus formation.

关键词： callus induction single-cell RNA-seq cell fate transition developmental trajectory transcriptional regulation pluripotency

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Novel wood-plastic composite fabricated via modified steel slag:Preparation,mechanical and flammability properties

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2110-2120页

作者： Ling Zhao Kai Zhao Zhenwei Shen Yifan Wang xiaojie xia Hao Zhang Hongming long School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243032China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243032China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243032China Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction and Resources Recycling(Anhui University of Technology) Ministry of EducationMa’anshan 243002China

A novel method was developed to enhance the utilization rate of steel slag(SS).Through treatment of SS with phosphoric acid and aminopropyl triethoxysilane(KH550),we obtained modified SS(MSS),which was used to prepare MSS/wood-plastic composites(MSS/WPCs)by replacing talcum powder(TP).The composites were fabricated through melting blending and hot *** mechanical and combustion properties,which comprise heat release,smoke release,and thermal stability,were systematically *** can improve the mechanical strength of the composites through grafting reactions between wood powder and ***,MSS/WPC#50(16wt%MSS)with an MSS-to-TP mass ratio of 1:1 exhibited optimal comprehensive *** with those of WPC#0 without MSS,the tensile,flexural,and impact strengths of MSS/WPC#50 were increased by 18.5%,12.8%,and 18.0%,***,the MSS/WPC#50 sample achieved the highest limited oxygen index of 22.5%,the highest vertical burning rating at the V-1 level,and the lowest horizontal burning rate at 44.2 mm/*** formation of a dense and stable char layer led to improved thermal stability and a considerable reduction in heat and smoke releases of MSS/WPC#***,the partial replacement of TP with MSS slightly compromised the mechanical and flame-retardant properties,possibly due to the weak grafting caused by SS powder *** findings suggest the suitability of MSS/WPCs for high-value-added applications as decorative panels indoors or outdoors.

关键词： modified steel slag wood–plastic composites preparation method mechanical property flame retardant

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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan xia xiaolong xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

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Distributed Nash Equilibrium Seeking Strategies Under Quantized Communication

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 103-112页

作者： Maojiao Ye Qing-long Han Lei Ding Shengyuan xu Guobiao Jia IEEE the School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China the School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia the Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

This paper is concerned with distributed Nash equi librium seeking strategies under quantized communication. In the proposed seeking strategy, a projection operator is synthesized with a gradient search method to achieve the optimization o players' objective functions while restricting their actions within required non-empty, convex and compact domains. In addition, a leader-following consensus protocol, in which quantized informa tion flows are utilized, is employed for information sharing among players. More specifically, logarithmic quantizers and uniform quantizers are investigated under both undirected and connected communication graphs and strongly connected digraphs, respec tively. Through Lyapunov stability analysis, it is shown that play ers' actions can be steered to a neighborhood of the Nash equilib rium with logarithmic and uniform quantizers, and the quanti fied convergence error depends on the parameter of the quan tizer for both undirected and directed cases. A numerical exam ple is given to verify the theoretical results.

关键词： Consensus distributed Nash equilibrium seeking projected gradient play quantized communication

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Predicted Critical State Based on Invariance of the Lyapunov Exponent in Dual Spaces

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 68-76页

作者：刘通夏旭 Department of Applied Physics School of ScienceNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Critical states in disordered systems,fascinating and subtle eigenstates,have attracted a lot of research ***,the nature of critical states is difficult to describe quantitatively,and in general,it cannot predict a system that hosts the critical *** propose an explicit criterion whereby the Lyapunov exponent of the critical state should be 0 simultaneously in dual spaces,namely the Lyapunov exponent remains invariant under the Fourier *** this criterion,we can exactly predict a one-dimensional quasiperiodic model which is not of self-duality,but hosts a large number of critical ***,we perform numerical verification of the theoretical prediction and display the self-similarity of the critical *** to computational complexity,calculations are not performed for higher dimensional ***,since the description of extended and localized states by the Lyapunov exponent is universal and dimensionless,utilizing the Lyapunov exponent of dual spaces to describe critical states should also be ***,we conjecture that some kind of connection exists between the invariance of the Lyapunov exponent and conformal invariance,which can promote the research of critical phenomena.

关键词： state exponent critical

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Correlation between genotypes of Orientia tsutsugamushi and clinical characteristics of patients with scrub typhus in Guangzhou,China

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第7期17卷 299-309,I0008,I0009页

作者： Jiali long Ziyi Zeng Haiyan Chen xia Tao Xinwei Wu Shouyi Chen Liqun Fang Xiuqing Zhang Jianxiong xu Lin Zhang Yuehong Wei Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuangzhouChina Institute of Public Health Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Outpatient department of Baogang the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina

Objective:To explore the correlation between genotypes of Orientia(O.)tsutsugamushi and clinical characteristics of scrub typhus ***:Clinical data of patients with scrub typhus admitted to different types of medical institutions in Guangzhou from September 2012 to December 2016 were collected using medical *** data,clinical manifestations,as well as hematological and biochemical indicators of patients infected with different genotypes were analyzed and ***:A total of 192 patients were included in this study,including 121 patients with Karp genotype of *** infection(63.0%),36 patients with Gilliam genotype(19.0%),23 patients with Kato genotype(12.0%),and 12 patients with TA763 genotype(6.0%)*** median value of albumin in patients with Karp genotype infection was significantly lower than that of Gilliam-infected patients(P=0.032).Patients with Karp genotype infection had a significantly longer hospital stay(9 days)than those with Gilliam genotype(7 days)(P=0.009)and Kato genotype infection(6 days)(P=0.005).Karp-infected patients also represented for the largest number of patients with complicated organ involvement(88/133,66.2%).Furthermore,Karp-infected patients had higher risk of developing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(18.2%)and requiring intensive care unit treatment(15.9%).Besides,patients with Gilliam genotype(8 days)and TA763 genotype infection(7.5 days)had shorter fever duration than those with Karp genotype(9 days)and Kato genotype(9 days)infection,***:Genotypes of Orientia tsutsugamushi were associated with varying clinical manifestations,organ involvement,and treatment outcomes,suggesting that genotypes ranged in virulence.

关键词： Scrub typhus Orientia tsutsugamushi Genotype Clinical characteristics

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Facile fabrication of graphene/g-C_(3)N_(4) for electromagnetic wave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1687-1698页

作者： Qiang Su Yunfei He Dongdong Liu Daguang Li long xia xiaoxiao Huang Bo Zhong School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology WeihaiWeihai 264209China Weihai Yunshan Technology Co. Ltd.Weihai 264200China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science&EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

With the development of the miniaturization of electronic equipment and lightweight weapon equipment,there are new requirements for electromagnetic wave absorption material(EMWAM).EMWAM has outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption properties and lightweight characteristics become an important direction of *** this study,graphene/g-C_(3)N_(4)(GGCN)EMWAM was first synthesized in situ by simple heat treatment,in which the g-C_(3)N_(4) had a porous structure and dispersed on the surface of *** impedance matching of the GGCN was well adjusted by decreasing the dielectric constant and attenuation constant due to the g-C_(3)N_(4) semiconductor property and the graphite-like *** EMW loss mechanism of GGCN was also analyzed by simulating GGCN’s electric field mode distribution and resistance loss power *** analysis result shows that the distribution of g-C_(3)N_(4) among GGCN sheets can produce more polarization effects and relaxation effects by increasing the lamellar ***,the polarization loss of GGCN could be increased successfully by porous g-C_(3)N_(4).Ultimately,the EMW absorption property of GGCN is optimized significantly,and GGCN exhibits excellent EMW absorption *** the thickness is 2 mm,the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)can reach 4.6 GHz,and when the thickness is 4.5 mm,the minimum reflection loss(RLmin)at 4.56 GHz can reach-34.69 ***,the practical application of EMWAM was studied by radar cross-section(RCS)simulation,showing that GGCN has a good application prospect.

关键词： graphene/g-C_(3)N_(4) impedance matching simulation analysis dielectric loss excellent electromagnetic wave absorption

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Single-atom catalysis for advanced oxidation and reduction systems in water decontamination

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3576-3606页

作者： Jie Teng Jin-Hui xu Wen-Xin Sun xue-Feng Liu xia xu Guo-Shuai Liu School of Urban Construction Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China School of Environmental and Civil Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Water scarcity is an escalating global crisis,posing a severe threat to populations ***,exploring various materials to remove emerging contaminants from freshwater sources has garnered significant *** this regard,single-atom catalysis(SACs) has emerged as a catalyst of scientific progress in water purification and treatment methodologies during recent *** exhibit exceptional catalytic activity,selectivity and stability,due to their near-perfect atom utilization,highly unsaturated coordination environment and uniform reaction ***,a comprehensive and critical review encompassing the successful integration of SACs into water purification processes needs to be *** review aims to accentuate recent trends by presenting the synthesis,structure,and environment and energy application-relevant properties of *** results show that a comprehensive and multi-perspective summary of the advantages of SACs in environmental remediation can have significant benefits,such as fast kinetics,costeffectiveness,*** oxidation and reduction processes of SACs and functional SACs materials in water purification were ***,the last section is devoted to the current research gaps and further perspectives on the application of SACs in water treatment,which are summarized and analyzed.

关键词： Single-atom catalysis Water treatment Oxidation Reduction

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Heteroepitaxial growth of Au@Pd core–shell nanocrystals with intrinsic chiral surfaces for enantiomeric recognition

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 225-235页

作者： Feng-xia Wu Feng-Hua Li xia-Li Lv Qi-xian Zhang Guo-Bao xu Wen-Xin Niu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Shaoxing Institute of Technology Shanghai UniversityShaoxing 312000China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200436China Zhejiang Institute of Advanced Materials Shanghai UniversityJiashan 314113China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Noble metal surfaces with intrinsic chirality serve as an ideal candidate for investigating enantioselective chemistry due to their superior chemical durability and high catalytic ***,significant advance has been made in synthesizing metal nanocrystals with intrinsic ***,the majority reports are limited to ***,through a heteroepitaxial growth strategy,the synthesis of metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality to palladium was extended for the first time and their application in enantioselective recognition was *** heteroepitaxial growth strategy allows for transferring the chirality of homochiral Au nanocrystals to Au@Pd core–shell *** employing the chiral Au@Pd nanocrystals as enantiomeric recognizing elements,a series of electrochemical sensors for chiral discrimination were *** optimal conditions,the peak potential between D-dihydroxyphenylalanine(D-DOPA)and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-DOPA)is about 80 m V,and the peak current of D-DOPA is 2 times as much as that of L-DOPA,which enables the determination of the enantiomeric excess(EE,%)of ***,this report not only introduces a heteroepitaxial growth strategy to synthesize metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality,but also demonstrates the superior capability of integrating intrinsic chirality and catalytic properties into metal nanocrystals for chiral recognition.

关键词： Core–shell nanostructures Chirality transfer Electrochemical sensors Chiral recognition Chiroplasmonics

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