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莱布尼茨与俄国近代科学体系的建立——以科学知识生产、存储和传播为中心的考察

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科学技术哲学研究 2023年第3期40卷 100-107页

作者：高龙海南京大学历史学院南京210023

在17世纪科学院运动的风潮下,莱布尼茨对于在世界范围内建立一个庞大的科学院网络有着明确的规划,其中尚处于科学空白阶段的俄国是这个网络中至关重要的一环。莱布尼茨对于俄国近代科学知识体系的建立有着重要的影响,与彼得一世及其宫... 详细信息

在17世纪科学院运动的风潮下,莱布尼茨对于在世界范围内建立一个庞大的科学院网络有着明确的规划,其中尚处于科学空白阶段的俄国是这个网络中至关重要的一环。莱布尼茨对于俄国近代科学知识体系的建立有着重要的影响,与彼得一世及其宫廷的书信来往证实了莱布尼茨的建议直接推动了俄国科学院的建立。莱布尼茨构想的俄国科学院体系庞大,涵盖附属大学、珍品博物馆、图书馆等一系列部门。他以科学知识的生产和获取、存储和系统化、传播和内化为线索,具体从科学院组织的科学探险活动、科学院体制下的博物馆项目、科学院的教育与出版工作中构建出一整套与其心目中的俄国现状相适应的科学知识发展体系。彼得一世从俄国特定的社会文化环境出发创建科学系统,措施兼具莱布尼茨的科学构想及本土化特点,对俄国科学的近代化、社会思想意识向理性转变产生了深远的影响。

关键词：莱布尼茨科学知识的生产、存储和传播彼得堡科学院俄国彼得一世

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软弱地质浅埋大断面隧道地表塌陷处理研究

铁道建筑 2011年第1期51卷 50-52页

作者：高龙中铁十三局集团公司贵广铁路工程指挥部广西贺州542600

以新建贵广铁路软弱地质浅埋大断面东科岭隧道施工为背景,对地表塌陷、洞内塌方、突泥涌水以及大变形等严重影响施工安全与进度的重大问题进行研究,得出了地表排水改移、地表塌陷强支护技术及工艺方法。提出的地表塌陷区施作旋喷桩止水... 详细信息

以新建贵广铁路软弱地质浅埋大断面东科岭隧道施工为背景,对地表塌陷、洞内塌方、突泥涌水以及大变形等严重影响施工安全与进度的重大问题进行研究,得出了地表排水改移、地表塌陷强支护技术及工艺方法。提出的地表塌陷区施作旋喷桩止水墙加井点降水联合防排水等工程措施,可以取得满意的实际效果。

关键词：隧道工程工程对策地表塌陷软弱地质大断面

The protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

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沈阳药科大学学报 2008年第S1期25卷 117-118页

作者： XIN Xiao-ming,MA Lian-long,gao Yong-feng,WANG Hao,WANG Xiao-dan,ZHU Yu-yun,gao Yun-sheng(Taishan Medical College,Taian 271016,China)

Objective To study the protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in *** Fourty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(8 animals in each group):sham-operated control group(A),hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(B),200 mg·kg-1 400 mg·kg-1 800 mg·kg-1 betaine hydrochloride+hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(C、D、E).betaine hydrochloride was administered to animals byoral route in group C、D、E for 7 days before ischemia.A、B group was administered with *** the animal model of part hepatic *** alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels in the blood and themalondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),protein content in hepatic tissue were determined after the liver had been reperfused for 24 hours;the hepatic tissue was examined under lightmicroscope and the cell apoptosis was demonstrated with flow *** ALT,AST,MDA increased and SOD decreased significantly in B group when compared those in the A group(P<0.05),Hepatic apoptosis was significantly increased;ALT,AST,MDA decreased and SOD increased significantly in betaine hydrochloride 200 mg·kg-1(C)group when compared those in the B group(P<0.05).Hepatic apoptosis was significantly lower,The histologic changes of the liver tissue under lightmicroscope in the C group was more easer than in the I/R group(B).Conclusions Betaine hydrochloride has the ability to scavenge oxygen free radical(OFR),reduce lipid peroxidation and inhibition of *** it can protect the rats liver damaged by ischemia-reperfusion.

关键词： betaine hydrochloride hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury protecting effects mechanism

Air tamponade in retinal detachment surgery followed by ultra-widefield fundus imaging system

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第7期11卷 1198-1203页

作者： Qian-Yin Chen Yun-Xia Tang Yan-Qiong He Hui-Min Lin Ru-long gao Meng-Yuan Li Jin-Tong Hou Hong-Jie Ma Jing-Lin Zhang Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital Guangzhou 510010 Guangdong Province China Aier School of Ophthalmology Central South UniversityChangsha 410015 Hunan Province China

AIM： To report the surgical result of pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） with air tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment（RRD） by ultra-widefield fundus imaging system. METHODS： Of 25 consecutive patients（25 eyes） with fresh primary RRD and causative retinal break and vitreous traction were presented. All the patients underwent PPV with air tamponade. Visual acuity（VA） was examined postoperatively and images were captured by ultrawidefield scanning laser ophthalmoscope system（Optos）. RESULTS： Initial reattachment was achieved in 25 cases（100%）. The air volume was 〉60% on the postoperative day（POD） 1. The ultra-widefield images showed that the retina was reattached in all air-filled eyes postoperatively. The retinal break and laser burns in the superior were detected in 22 of 25 eyes（88%）. A missed retinal hole was found under intravitreal air bubble in 1 case（4%）. The air volume was range from 40% to 60% on POD 3. A doublelayered image was seen in 25 of 25 eyes with intravitreal gas. Retinal breaks and laser burns around were seen in the intravitreal air. On POD 7, small bubble without effect was seen in 6 cases（24%） and bubble was completely disappeared in 4 cases（16%）. Small oval bubble in the superior area was observed in 15 cases（60%）. There were no missed and new retinal breaks and no retinal detachment in all cases on the POD 14 and 1 mo and last follow-up. Air disappeared completely on a mean of 9.84 d postoperatively. The mean final postoperative bestcorrected visual acuity（BCVA） was 0.35 log MAR. Mean final postoperative BCVA improved significantly relative to mean preoperative（P〈0.05）. Final VA of 0.3 log MAR or better was seen in 13 eyes. CONCLUSION： PPV with air tamponade is an effective management for fresh RRD with superior retinal breaks. The ultra-widefield fundus imaging can detect postoperative retinal breaks in air-filled eyes. It would be a useful facility for follow-up after PPV with air tamponade. Facedown position and acquired visual rehabilit

关键词： rhegmatogenous retinal detachment air tamponade ultra-widefield fundus imaging system

内涵式发展与边际式变革——以传统市场为中心的中西比较

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思想战线 2005年第4期31卷 105-110页

作者：龙登高清华大学人文学院经济学研究所北京100084

明清经济在日趋成熟的、既有市场体系与制度框架内呈现为内涵式发展,虽然巨大的全国统一市场产生的经济推动力,推动了地权市场的发育,促进了生产要素组合与资源配置,带来规模效益、生产效率与经济活力,但也导致了当时内部或外部的变革... 详细信息

明清经济在日趋成熟的、既有市场体系与制度框架内呈现为内涵式发展,虽然巨大的全国统一市场产生的经济推动力,推动了地权市场的发育,促进了生产要素组合与资源配置,带来规模效益、生产效率与经济活力,但也导致了当时内部或外部的变革诱因与异质因素难以生长,而且在近代改变这一制度时要付出极高的成本;同时期的西欧则由制度非均衡引发持续变革,内部市场的割据使各国致力于海外市场的开拓,在各国间的制度竞争中,新的质素与机制破土而出。

关键词：制度变革市场史中西比较

Small extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated neural progenitor cells mitigate retinal ganglion cell degeneration in a mouse model of optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 587-597页

作者： Tong Li Hui-Min Xing Hai-Dong Qian Qiao gao Sheng-Lan Xu Hua Ma Zai-long Chi State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Visual ScienceEye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured ***,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical *** extracellular vesicles(sEVs)contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and *** studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye *** this study,we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs(hiPSC-NPC)in a mouse model of optic nerve *** results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells,especially those localized in the ganglion cell *** with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration,and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of *** analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells,which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve *** findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.

关键词： exosome miRNA neural progenitor cell neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neuroprotection optic nerve crush optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cell small extracellular vesicles

生物玻璃/聚乳酸多孔微球的制备及其作为细胞载体的研究

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无机材料学报 2020年第10期35卷 1163-1168页

作者：高龙张赵文斌常江中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所上海200050 中国科学院大学北京100049

具有大孔结构的多孔微球既可以在体外扩增细胞,还可以作为细胞的传输工具,通过注射的方式把细胞输送到需要修复的组织部位。生物玻璃虽然生物活性良好,但难以直接制备成大孔结构的微载体。因此,本研究将生物玻璃(BG)与聚乳酸(PLA)高分... 详细信息

具有大孔结构的多孔微球既可以在体外扩增细胞,还可以作为细胞的传输工具,通过注射的方式把细胞输送到需要修复的组织部位。生物玻璃虽然生物活性良好,但难以直接制备成大孔结构的微载体。因此,本研究将生物玻璃(BG)与聚乳酸(PLA)高分子复合,通过复乳法制备了一种含生物玻璃的多孔微球细胞微载体。并通过扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)等方法研究分析了微球的形貌、组成和离子释放。通过细胞实验,证明细胞可以在微球的多孔结构中粘附和增殖,并且生物玻璃可以促进细胞增殖,在组织工程中具有潜在应用。

关键词：多孔微球生物玻璃聚乳酸细胞微载体组织工程

A transient process observation method based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process model

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 394-403页

作者： Kuo Zhao Xiao-Ping Ouyang Hui-Ping Guo Liang Chen Lei-Dang Zhou Jin-Lu Ruan Han Wang Ning Lv Run-long gao Xi'an Research Institute of Hi-Tech Xi'an 710025China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an 710024China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049China

The current-mode-counting method is a new approach to observing transient processes,especially in transient nuclear fusion,based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP)*** this paper,a new measurement process model of the pulsed radiation field produced by transient nuclear fusion is built based on the NHPP.A simulated measurement is performed using the model,and the current signal from the detector is obtained by simulation based on Poisson process *** neutron time spectrum is reconstructed and is in good agreement with the theoretical value,with its maximum error of a characteristic parameter less than 2.3%.Verification experiments were carried out on a CPNG-6 device at the China Institute of Atomic Energy,with a detection system with a nanosecond response *** experimental charge amplitude spectra are in good agreement with those obtained by the traditional counting mode,and the characteristic parameters of the time spectrum are in good agreement with the theoretical *** shows that the current-mode-counting method is effective for the observation of transient nuclear fusion processes.

关键词： non-homogeneous poisson process pulsed radiation field current-mode-counting method

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直升机旋翼侧边二次顶出脱模注塑模设计

塑料工业 2017年第3期45卷 97-100,104页

作者：高龙士浙江工业职业技术学院浙江绍兴312000

针对某玩具直升飞机旋翼塑料件叶片上无痕顶出脱模的生产要求,设计了一种侧边顶出结构注塑模具及侧边二次顶出脱模机构;侧边二次顶出脱模机构在应用推块上设计斜T型槽驱动滑块实现侧边第一次抽芯脱模的基础上,再次应用推块继续推动顶针... 详细信息

针对某玩具直升飞机旋翼塑料件叶片上无痕顶出脱模的生产要求,设计了一种侧边顶出结构注塑模具及侧边二次顶出脱模机构;侧边二次顶出脱模机构在应用推块上设计斜T型槽驱动滑块实现侧边第一次抽芯脱模的基础上,再次应用推块继续推动顶针板顶杆将塑料件从侧边型芯上完全顶出脱模,实现了塑料件叶片的无顶出痕迹自动化生产,为同类塑料件的脱模机构注塑模具设计提供参考价值。

关键词：注塑模具侧边顶出机构设计脱模机构