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Vegetation Index Reconstruction and Linkage with Drought for the Source Region of the Yangtze River Based on Tree-ring Data

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第4期31卷 684-695页

作者： LI jinjian WANG Shu QIN Ningsheng LIU Xisheng jin liya School of Atmospheric Sciences Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Institute of Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationChengdu/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and BasinKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610072China Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Qinghai Province Xining 810000China

Variations in vegetation are closely related to climate change, but understanding of their characteristics and causes remains limited. As a typical semi-humid and semi-arid cold plateau region, it is important to understand the knowledge of long term Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) variations and find the potential causes in the source region of the Yangtze River. Based on four tree-ring width chronologies, the regional mean NDVI for July and August spanning the period 1665–2013 was reconstructed using a regression model, and it explained 43.9% of the total variance during the period 1981–2013. In decadal, the reconstructed NDVI showed eight growth stages(1754–1764, 1766–1783, 1794–1811, 1828–1838, 1843–1855, 1862–1873, 1897–1909, and 1932–1945)and four degradation stages(1679–1698, 1726–1753, 1910–1923, and 1988–2000). And based on wavelet analysis, significant cycles of2–3 yr and 3–8 yr were identified. In additional, there was a significant positive correlation between the NDVI and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) during the past 349 yr, and they were mainly in phase. However, according to the results of correlation analysis between different grades of drought/wet and NDVI, there was significant asymmetry in extreme drought years and extreme wet years. In extreme drought years, NDVI was positively correlated with PDSI, and in extreme wet years they were negatively correlated.

关键词： Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) reconstruction dendrochronology tree ring Source Region of the Yangtze River

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Strengthened Indian summer monsoon brought more rainfall to the western Tibetan Plateau during the early Holocene

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Science Bulletin 2019年第20期64卷 1482-1485页

作者： Xiangjun Liu Xiaojian Zhang Yanluan Lin liya jin Fahu Chen College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou730070China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Scienceand Joint Center for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Atmoshpheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China CAS Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is considered to be the‘‘Third Pole”of the earth because of its huge area(5 million km2),its high elevation(>4000 m average altitude),and the presence of more than 100,000 km2 of glaciers in this northern mid-latitude *** a result of these factors,the TP influences both short-term regional and large-scale atmospheric circulation and long-term climate change[1].More than ten large rivers originate from the TP and constitute an essential water supply for nearly one sixth of the global *** the TP is often referred to as‘‘the water tower of Asia”[1,2].Variations of summer rainfall over the TP greatly impact inland closed lakes,river discharge,glaciers,plant phenology,and natural hazards[2].

关键词： China Strengthened Indian summer monsoon brought more rainfall to the western Tibetan Plateau during the early Holocene western

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Detecting the spatial-temporal pattern of moisture evolution on the Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene by model-proxy comparison

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第4期17卷 981-996页

作者： Zeyu ZHENG liya jin jinjian LI Xiaojian ZHANG Jie CHEN MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is a key region for environmental and climatic research due to its significant linkages with large-scale atmospheric *** the long-term moisture evolution pattern and its forcing mechanisms on the TP during the Holocene may provide insights into the interaction between low-latitude climate systems and midlatitude ***,we synthesized 27 paleoclimate proxy records covering the past 9500 *** results of the rotated empirical orthogonal function analysis of the moisture variation revealed spatial-temporal heterogeneity,which was classified into 5 *** records were then compared with the results from the Kiel Climate Model and other *** results showed that moisture evolution on the western-southern-central TP was controlled by the Indian summer monsoon(ISM).On the south-eastern TP,moisture change was affected by the interplay between the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)and the westerlies,as well as the *** diverse patterns of circulation system precipitation,moisture changes recorded in the paleorecords showed spatial-temporal discrepancies,especially during the early to middle ***,given the anti-phase pattern of summer precipitation in the EASM area under El Nino/Southern Oscillation(ENSO)conditions and the unstable relationship between the ISM and ENSO,it is reasonable to conclude that relatively strong ENSO variability during the late Holocene has contributed to these discrepancies as Asian summer monsoon precipitation has declined.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Holocene moisture evolution model-proxy comparison

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A climatological northern boundary index for the East Asian summer monsoon and its interannual variability

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第1期61卷 13-22页

作者： CHEN Jie HUANG Wei jin liya CHEN JianHui CHEN ShengQian CHEN FaHu Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity (LAEB) Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

A long-term perspective on the spatial variation of the northern boundary of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) and the related physical mechanisms is important for understanding past climate change in Asia and for predicting future changes. However, most of the meteorological definitions of the EASM northern boundary do not correspond well to the actual geographical environment, which is problematic for paleoclimatic research. Here, we use monthly CMAP and GPCP precipitation data to define a new EASM northern boundary index by using the concept of the global monsoon, which is readily applicable to paleoclimatic research. The results show that the distribution of the 2 mm day^(-1) precipitation isoline(i.e., 300 mm precipitation)has a good relationship with the spatial distribution of modern land cover types, the transitional climate zone and the potential natural vegetation types, in China. The locations of the precipitation isolines also correspond well to the locations of major shifts in wind direction. These results suggest that the 2 mm day^(-1) isoline has a clear physical significance since the climatic, ecological,and geographical boundary can be used as the northern boundary index of the EASM(which we call the climatological northern boundary index). The index depicts the northeast-southwest orientation of the climatological(1981-2010) EASM northern boundary, along the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains-southern foothills of the Helan Mountains-Daqing Mountains-western margin of the Greater Khingan Range, from west to east across Northwest and Northeast China. The interannual change of the EASM northern boundary from 1980 to 2015 covers the central part of Gansu, the northern part of Ningxia, the eastern part of Inner Mongolia and the northeastern region in China. It can extend northward to the border between China and Mongolia and retreat southward to Shangdong-central Henan. There is a 200-700 km fluctuation range of the interannual EASM northern bound

关键词： East Asian summer monsoon Climatological northern boundary index Interannual change Spatial fluctuations

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Interannual and interdecadal variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation spatial shift

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第24期56卷 2621-2627页

作者： ZHANG XiaoJian jin liya CHEN ChunZhu GUAN DongSheng LI MingZhi Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Geosciences University ofKiel Kiel D-24118 Germany

The spatial shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is analyzed by using the Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 2 dataset and identifying NAO action centers directly on winter mean sealevel pressure (SLP) anomaly maps. The spatial shift of the NAO is characterized by four NAO spatial shift indices: the zonal and meridional shifts of the NAO southern and northern action centers. It is found that the zonal and meridional shift trends of the NAO action centers move along a path of southwest-northwest direction. Spectral analysis shows that the four NAO spatial shift indices have periodicity of 2-6 years and the NAO index has periodicity of 2-3 years in terms of high-frequency variations. On a decadal time scale, the NAO spatial shift indices are closely (positively) related to the NAO index, which is in agreement with previous studies of the relationship between the NAO index and the spatial shift of the NAO pattern. However, there is no relationship between the NAO index and the meridional shift of the northern action center on an interannual time scale. The significant relationship between the NAO index and the interannual variability of NAO spatial shift indices is very likely to be associated with synopticscale Rossby wave breaking, which generates surface pressure anomalies and thus affects the phase and pattern of the NAO. The correlations of winter westerly winds over 90°W-0° and the NAO index and the NAO spatial shift indices have a '+ - + -' structure from the Equator to the North Pole. Although there is close correlation between the NAO spatial shift indices and the strength of the zonal winds in the North Atlantic region, the effect of the zonal winds on the NAO spatial shift differs at different latitudes. Hence, the role of the zonal winds is probably a result of the NAO spatial shifts.

关键词：北大西洋涛动年际时间尺度空间转移年代际变化 Rossby波审计署 NAO 压力异常

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Abrupt Holocene changes of the Asian monsoon at millen-nial-and centennial-scales: Evidence from lake sediment document in Minqin Basin, NW China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第23期46卷 1942-1947页

作者： CHEN Fahu ZHU Yan LI Jijun SHI Qi jin liya B.Wunemann National Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China South China Sea Institute of Oceanography Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Institute of Geographical Science Department of GeosciencesFree University of Berlin12249 BerlinGermany

Considerable research is now focusing on abrupt Holocene changes at millennial- and centennial-scales all over the world. This study shows that the changes in theHolocene summer monsoon can be divided into two main periods, based on climatic proxy records of lake sediments from the Sanjiaocheng section located at the NW boundary of the summer monsoon, Gansu Province. The early and middle Holocene was humid with stronger summer monsoon, while the late Holocene is dry with weak summer monsoon. Detailed results also show a series of millennial- and centennial-scale changes in the intensity of the summer monsoon, with a periodicity of 1600 years during the whole Holocene, and with a periodicity of 800 years during the early Holocene. Ten dry events during the Holocene are associated with the weakening of the summer monsoon. These rapid climatic changes may be representative of a global climatic change pattern during the Holocene.

关键词： Holocene lake document rapid changes.

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Spatiotemporal precipitation variations in the arid Central Asia in the context of global warming

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第11期54卷 1812-1821页

作者： CHEN FaHu HUANG Wei jin liya CHEN JianHui WANG jinSong MOE Key Laboratory of West China＇s Environmental System Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou 730020 China

This study analyzed the temporal precipitation variations in the arid Central Asia （ACA） and their regional differences during 1930-2009 using monthly gridded precipitation from the Climatic Research Unit （CRU）. Our results showed that the annual precipitation in this westerly circulation dominated arid region is generally increasing during the past 80 years, with an apparent increasing trend （0.7 mm/10 a） in winter. The precipitation variations in ACA also differ regionally, which can be divided into five distinct subregions （Ⅰ West Kazakhstan region, Ⅱ East Kazakhstan region, ⅢCentral Asia Plains region, Ⅳ Kyrgyzstan region, and V Iran Plateau region）. The annual precipitation falls fairly even on all seasons in the two northern subregions （regions Ⅰ and Ⅱ, approximately north of 45°N）, whereas the annual precipitation is falling mainly on winter and spring （accounting for up to 80% of the annual total precipitation） in the three southern subregions. The annual precipitation is increasing on all subregions except the southwestern ACA （subregion Ⅴ） during the past 80 years. A significant increase in precipitation appeared in subregions Ⅰ and Ⅲ. The long-term trends in annual precipitation in all subregions are determined mainly by trends in winter precipitation. Additionally, the precipitation in ACA has significant interannual variations. The 2-3-year cycle is identified in all subregions, while the 5-6-year cycle is also found in the three southern subregions. Besides the inter-annual variations, there were 3-4 episodic precipitation variations in all subregions, with the latest episodic change that started in the mid- to late 1970s. The precipitations in most of the study regions are fast increasing since the late 1970s. Overall, the responses of ACA precipitation to global warming are complicated. The variations of westerly circulation are likely the major factors that influence the precipitation variations in the study region.

关键词： arid Central Asia annual and seasonal precipitation changing tendency regional difference

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Paleoclimate Modeling in China: A Review

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第2期32卷 250-275页

作者： JIANG Dabang YU Ge ZHAO Ping CHEN Xing LIU Jian LIU Xiaodong WANG Shaowu ZHANG Zhongshi YU Yongqiang LI Yuefeng jin liya XU Ying JU Lixia ZHOU Tianjun YAN Xiaodong Nansen Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Meteorological Administration Training Center Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems Lanzhou University National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University

This paper provides a review of paleoclimate modeling activities in China. Rather than attempt to cover all topics, we have chosen a few climatic intervals and events judged to be particularly informative to the international community. In historical climate simulations, changes in solar radiation and volcanic activity explain most parts of reconstructions over the last millennium prior to the industrial era, while atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations play the most important role in the20 th century warming over China. There is a considerable model–data mismatch in the annual and boreal winter temperature change over China during the mid-Holocene [6000 years before present（ka BP）], while coupled models with an interactive ocean generally perform better than atmospheric models. For the Last Glacial Maximum（21 ka BP）, climate models successfully reproduce the surface cooling trend over China but fail to reproduce its magnitude, with a better performance for coupled models. At that time, reconstructed vegetation and western Pacific sea surface temperatures could have significantly affected the East Asian climate, and environmental conditions on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau were most likely very different to the present day. During the late Marine Isotope Stage 3（30–40 ka BP）, orbital forcing and Northern Hemisphere glaciation, as well as vegetation change in China, were likely responsible for East Asian climate change. On the tectonic scale,the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau uplift, the Tethys Sea retreat, and the South China Sea expansion played important roles in the formation of the East Asian monsoon-dominant environment pattern during the late Cenozoic.

关键词： paleoclimate modeling China millennium orbital scale tectonic scale

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全新世南亚高压南北移动及其与亚洲夏季风降水的关系

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第四纪研究 2018年第5期38卷 1244-1254页

作者：张肖剑靳立亚南京大学地理与海洋科学学院江苏南京210023 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院四川成都610225

南亚高压是亚洲夏季风系统的重要组成部分，它的强度及位置变化对亚洲夏季风降水有非常重要的影响，对其变化特征和物理机制的研究可以加深对亚洲夏季风演化的认识。论文利用一个海-气耦合模式（KCM），在轨道参数的强迫下模拟了全新世... 详细信息

南亚高压是亚洲夏季风系统的重要组成部分，它的强度及位置变化对亚洲夏季风降水有非常重要的影响，对其变化特征和物理机制的研究可以加深对亚洲夏季风演化的认识。论文利用一个海-气耦合模式（KCM），在轨道参数的强迫下模拟了全新世以来（9.5~0 ka B.P.）的气候变化，分析了全新世南亚高压的南北移动特征，并探讨其与亚洲夏季风降水的关系。研究发现，全新世以来南亚高压持续向南移动，同时也反映了对流层上层西风逐渐向南扩张，响应逐渐减少的夏季太阳辐射。早全新世南亚高压偏北主要是由于夏季太阳辐射增加导致伊朗高原感热加热加强。南亚高压的南北移动与亚洲夏季风降水有显著的关系，它与东亚季风区北部和印度季风区降水呈正相关关系，而与东亚季风区南部和西南季风区降水呈负相关关系。偏北的南亚高压在东亚北部上空产生异常反气旋，有利于对流层低层空气辐合上升，降水增加，此外异常反气旋还可以加强西太副高，使得输送到东亚北部的水汽增加。南亚高压偏北时还会在中低纬地区产生异常东风带，减弱了来自孟加拉湾的水汽输入，从而使得东亚南部和西南季风区降水减少。偏北的南亚高压还在阿拉伯海上空产生异常气旋，有利于印度夏季风降水的增加。南亚高压的南北振荡可以部分解释相同轨道强迫下亚洲夏季风降水出现显著空间差异的原因。

关键词：全新世南亚高压南北振荡亚洲夏季风气候模拟

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千年时间尺度南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压关系的时空变化特征

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第四纪研究 2015年第6期35卷 1425-1436页

作者：王宁张肖剑靳立亚兰州大学大气科学学院兰州730000 兰州大学资源环境学院兰州730000

利用全新世的气候模拟结果（KCM）以及1948 ～ 2013年NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料,分析了大型大气环流系统南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压（以下简称＂西太副高＂）在千年时间尺度上的特征和它们之间的空间位置变化关系以及与东亚夏季风的关... 详细信息

利用全新世的气候模拟结果（KCM）以及1948 ～ 2013年NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料,分析了大型大气环流系统南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压（以下简称＂西太副高＂）在千年时间尺度上的特征和它们之间的空间位置变化关系以及与东亚夏季风的关系,并比较了它们与现代气候背景年际时间尺度变化特征的异同.结果表明,在千年尺度上,南亚高压的东进（西移）对应西太副高的西伸（东撤）.这与年际尺度上南亚高压与西太副高存在的＂相向而行＂及＂相背而去＂的时空特征是一致的.耦合气候模式模拟的全新世9.5ka B.P.以来东亚夏季风总体呈现振荡减弱趋势.早全新世（9.5～7.5kaB.P.）时期,东亚夏季风强度较强,此时南亚高压位置偏东而西太副高位置偏西;在中全新世（7～4ka B.P.）期间,东亚夏季风呈现百年尺度大幅振荡,而此时南亚高压（西太副高）的位置大致位于112＆#176;～115＆#176;E（145＆#176;～155＆#176;E）之间;晚全新世（4～0ka B.P.）期间,东亚夏季风持续减弱,对应南亚高压位置向东移动、西太副高位置向西移动.全新世时期（9.5～0ka B.P.）,北半球春季（4月、5月份）赤道地区接收的太阳辐射呈现先减弱,至5～4ka B.P.期间达到最低值,之后逐渐增强的变化趋势,这与南亚高压的位置变化趋势一致,而与西太副高位置变化趋势相反,即赤道春季太阳辐射强（弱）时,南亚高压位置偏东（偏西）、西太副高位置偏西（偏东）.同时,模拟的全新世热带印度洋-西太平洋夏季温度变化也呈现出与春季赤道太阳辐射一致的变化趋势,且与南亚高压有显著的正相关关系,海温的加热作用可以通过激发Matsuno-Gill型大气响应使得南亚高压增强.西太副高主要由哈德莱环流在副热带地区的下沉作用造成,而热带印度洋-西太平洋夏季的增温可引起哈德莱环流增强,从而使西太副高的强度增强、面积扩大导致其西脊点位置偏西.因此,赤道春季太阳辐射可以通过影响热带印度洋-西太平洋夏季温度对南亚高压东脊点和西太副高西脊点的位置产生影响.

关键词：全新世南亚高压西太副高太阳辐射东亚夏季风

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