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Hydroclimatic variations in the Tianshan Mountains based on grain size and geochemistry of core sediments since~1490 CE

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第4期20卷 1010-1025页

作者： LAN Bo XU Wen-feng YANG Yun-peng CHEN Xiang-le liu zheng-xue ZHANG Dong-liang Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing404100China College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng475004China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China

Numerous studies have focused on modern hydroclimate and the modulated mechanisms in the Tianshan Mountains(TMs),arid central ***,the detailed information of hydroclimatic processes beyond the instrumental period is still *** paper reconstructed a hydrology history from core sediments of the Dalongchi Lake in the Tianshan *** comparability between endmembers(EMs)of grain size and ICP-AES based geochemical elements in the lake sediments highlighted their availability for hydrological *** forces(EM1,EM4,Ti/Al and Li/Al),chemical weathering intensity[(Mg+Ca+K)/Al],salinity proxy(Mg/Ca)and redoxsensitive proxy(Fe/Mn)highly correlated with the first principal component(P<0.01),whereas paleoproductivity proxies(TN,TOC,Ba/Al,Zn/Al and Cu/Al)and C/N showed high loadings on the second principal component(P<0.05).The inferred hydrology progress was nonlinearly responded to temperature,precipitation and climate-dictated ***,the water level didn’t always covary with the humidity because of *** maximum water level was the comprehensive result of glaciers melting and high humidity around 1830 ***,water level continually decreased with declining moisture at high temperature,implying a limited buffering capacity of glaciers in the Dalongchi Lake ***3-indicated eolian activity intensity was caused by the behaviors of Siberian High because the latter intensified surface wind and the dust *** hydrothermal patterns were characterized by warm/dry and cold/wet alternations in a long run although warm/wet pattern was identified from a short-term view.

关键词： Dalongchi Lake Paleohydrology End-members Central Tianshan Mountains Geochemistry Trace metal

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Climatic impacts induced by winter wheat irrigation over North China simulated by the nonhydrostatic RegCM4.7

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 197-210页

作者： Jia WU Zhen-Yu HAN xue-Jie GAO zheng-Jia liu National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Quantification of the impact of winter wheat irrigation on the climate and the occurrence of extreme climatic events over North China is crucial for regional adaptation *** related studies mainly focused on the impact on surface processes;however,few focused on the effects of extreme events using high-resolution nonhydrostatic regional climate ***,the 9-km-resolution nonhydrostatic RegCM4.7 was coupled with a crop irrigation scheme and an updated winter wheat irrigation dataset to better simulate irrigation *** experiments were conducted with and without winter wheat irrigation to isolate the effects of *** showed that irrigation simulation reduces the model biases in temperature,precipitation,latent heat flux,soil moisture,sensitive heat flux,and top-layer soil ***,it also reduces the bias and increases the correlation with observations obtained in irrigated areas,especially in summer,indicating better representation of irrigation *** wheat irrigation tends to cause substantial cooling of the local surface maximum,minimum,and mean air temperatures(by-1.68,-0.34,and-0.79℃,respectively)over irrigated areas of North China,with the largest changes observed in relation to maximum ***,precipitation is found to increase during spring and summer,which is strongly related to water vapor transport in the lower levels of the *** analyses indicated that the number of annual mean hot days decrease(-13.9 d),whereas the number of both comfort days(+10.2 d)and rainy days(days with total precipitation greater than 1 mm:+6.6 d)increase over irrigated areas,demonstrating beneficial feedback to human perception and ***,although the heat wave risk increases(number of annual mean heat wave days:+5.8 d),the impact is limited to small areas within irrigated ***,no notable change was found in terms of heavy rainfall events and precipitation intensity

关键词： Nonhydrostatic regional climate model Irrigation effect Extreme events North China

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Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 56-71页

作者： Faqiang liu Hao zheng Songchen Ma Weihao Zhang xue liu Yansong Chua Luping Shi Rong Zhao Center for Brain-Inspired Computing Research Optical Memory National Engineering Research CenterTsinghua University-China Electronics Technology HIK Group Co.Joint Research Center for Brain-inspired ComputingIDGMc Govern Institute for Brain Research Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Neuromorphic Computing Laboratory China Nanhu Academy of Electronics and Information Technology

Brain-inspired computing, drawing inspiration from the fundamental structure and information-processing mechanisms of the human brain, has gained significant momentum in recent years. It has emerged as a research paradigm centered on brain–computer dual-driven and multi-network integration. One noteworthy instance of this paradigm is the hybrid neural network(HNN), which integrates computer-science-oriented artificial neural networks(ANNs) with neuroscience-oriented spiking neural networks(SNNs). HNNs exhibit distinct advantages in various intelligent tasks, including perception, cognition and learning. This paper presents a comprehensive review of HNNs with an emphasis on their origin, concepts, biological perspective, construction framework and supporting systems. Furthermore, insights and suggestions for potential research directions are provided aiming to propel the advancement of the HNN paradigm.

关键词： brain-inspired computing hybrid neural network dual-brain driven multi-network integration neuromorphic system

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PEM:a lightweight program memory encryption mechanism for embedded processor

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第1期17卷 77-84页

作者： HUO Wen-jie,liu zheng-lin,ZOU xue-cheng Department of Electronics of Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China [a] Department of Electronics of Science Technology Huazhong University of Science Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Application of embedded systems is faced with multiple threats against security. To solve this problem, this article proposes a new program memory encryption mechanism （PEM） to enhance the security of embedded processor. The new mechanism encrypts all the programs via a secure cache structure. It not only caches the instructions read from the off-chip memory, but also stores the pad values used to encrypt the plaintext. It effectively accelerates encryption and reduces the performance overhead. Besides the encryption, PEM also monitors the program modifications and reset behaviors to reduce the risk of vicious tamper. The experiment indicates that PEM has an average of 2.3 % performance improvement and results in a 25.71% power reduction in the write-back stage. The new scheme offers a good balance between performance and security. It is fully practicable for embedded processor.

关键词： embedded processor memory encryption advanced encryption standard (AES) secure cache hardware protection

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Atorvastatin, etanercept and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling in chronic renal failure rats

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 443-457页

作者： Jing-Yue XU zheng-Kai xue Ya-Ru ZHANG Xing liu xue ZHANG Xi YANG Tong liu Kang-Yin CHEN Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyTianjin Institute of Cardiologythe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic remodeling, increasing the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia(VA) and sudden cardiac death. And explored the role of atorvastatin and etanercept in this *** A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(Sham group), CRF group, CRF + atorvastatin group(CRF + statin group), and CRF + etanercept group(CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup). Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed by immunofluorescence of growth-associated protein 43(GAP-43) and tyrosine hydroxylase positive area fraction. Electrophysiological testing was performed to assess the incidence of VA by assessing the ventricular effective refractory period and ventricular fibrillation threshold. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta were determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** Echocardiogram showed that compared with the Sham group, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ventricular weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in the CRF group. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining indicated that myocardial fibers were broken, disordered, and fibrotic in the CRF group. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and electrophysiological examination suggested that compared with the Sham group, GAP-43 and TNF-α proteins were significantly upregulated, GAP-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fiber area was increased, and ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly decreased in the CRF group. The above effects were inhibited in the CRF + statin group and the CRF + *** In CRF rats, TNF-α was upregulated, cardiac sympathetic remodeling was more severe, and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling existed. Atorvastatin and etanercept c

关键词： remodeling cardiac inhibited

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Fatigue-resistant sliding ferroelectricity

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Science China Materials 2024年第10期67卷 3417-3418页

作者： zheng liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

The direction of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectricity can be reoriented by an external electric *** special feature of ferroelectricity is important candidates for fabricating advanced nonvolatile random-access memory[1].However,repeatedly switching polarization induces the ferroelectric device performance degenerates due to a reduction of polarization.

关键词： polarization ferroelectric field.

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Improving Thermal-oxidative Aging Resistance of Styrene-butadiene Rubber by Antioxidant Loaded Silica Aerogel

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1198-1209页

作者： xue-Fei Ping Yu Wang Lu liu Fu-Yong liu Hong-Wei He Pi Wang Wen-Wen Yu Qiang zheng College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030032China Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The antioxidant N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine(4010NA)was dissolved in ethanol and impregnated into silica aerogel(SAG)via vacuum-pressure cycles,yielding composite particles(A-N)with enhanced sustained-release and reinforcing *** effect of A-N on the mechanical properties and thermal-oxidative aging resistance of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)vulcanizates was *** and BET assessments indicated that the loading efficiency of 4010NA in SAG reached 14.26%within ethanol's solu bility *** A-N into SBR vulcanizates significantly elevated tensile strength by 17.5%and elongation at break by 41.9%over those with fumed silica and ***,A-N notably enhanced the thermal-oxidative aging resistance of *** aging for 96 h at 100℃,the tensile strength and elongation at break of SBR with A-N sustained 70.09%and 58.61%of their initial values,respectively,with the retention rate of elongation at break being 62.8%higher than that of SBR with fumed silica and free *** study revealed that A-N composite particles significantly inhibited the crosslinking in SBR's molecular chains,reducing hardening and embrittlement during later thermal-oxidative aging stages.

关键词： Styrene-butadiene rubber Silica aerogel Loading modification Thermal-oxidative aging

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Evolution of pore systems in low-maturity oil shales during thermal upgrading--Quantified by dynamic SEM and machine learning

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1739-1750页

作者： Jun liu xue Bai Derek Elsworth Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering(Ministry of Education) Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu610065SichuanChina International Quantum Academy Shenzhen518048GuangdongChina Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055GuangdongChina Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering Pennsylvania State University ParkPA 16802USA

In-situ upgrading by heating is feasible for low-maturity shale oil,where the pore space dynamically *** characterize this response for a heated substrate concurrently imaged by *** systematically follow the evolution of pore quantity,size(length,width and cross-sectional area),orientation,shape(aspect ratio,roundness and solidity)and their anisotropy—interpreted by machine *** indicate that heating generates new pores in both organic matter and inorganic ***,the newly formed pores are smaller than the original pores and thus reduce average lengths and widths of the bedding-parallel pore ***,the average pore lengths and widths are increased in the bedding-perpendicular ***,heating increases the cross-sectional area of pores in low-maturity oil shales,where this growth tendency fluctuates at300℃.In addition,the orientation and shape of the newly-formed heating-induced pores follow the habit of the original pores and follow the initial probability distributions of pore orientation and ***,limited anisotropy is detected in pore direction and shape,indicating similar modes of evolution both bedding-parallel and *** propose a straightforward but robust model to describe evolution of pore system in low-maturity oil shales during heating.

关键词： Low-maturity oil shale Pore elongation Organic matter pyrolysis In-situthermal upgrading Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) Machine learning

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Shengmaisan combined with liuwei Dihuang Decoction alleviates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment by activating the EPO/EPOR/JAK2 signaling pathway

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第5期22卷 426-440页

作者： SI Jianchao CHEN xue QI Kerong LI Dongli liu Bingbing zheng Yuying JI Ensheng YANG Shengchang Department of Physiology Hebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Combined Hydrogen Medicine Shijiazhuang 050000China Department of Geriatrics First People’s Hospital of XiaoganXiaogan 432000China

Chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH),a principal pathophysiological aspect of obstructive sleep apnea(OSA),is associated with cognitive *** evidence suggests that a combination of Shengmaisan and liuwei Dihuang Decoctions(SMS-LD)can enhance cognitive function by nourishing yin and strengthening the *** study aimed to assess the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of SMS-LD in addressing cognitive impairments induced by *** exposed C57BL/6N mice to CIH for five weeks(20%-5%O_(2),5 min/cycle,8 h/day)and administered SMS-LD intragastrically(15.0 or 30 g·kg^(-1)·day)30 min before each CIH ***,AG490,a JJanus kinase 2(JAK2)inhibitor,was administered via intracerebroventricular *** function was evaluated using the Morris water maze,while synaptic and mitochondrial structures were examined by transmission electron *** stress levels were determined using DHE staining,and the activation of the erythropoietin(ER)/ER receptor(EPOR)/JAK2 signaling pathway was analyzed through immunohistochemistry and Western *** further investigate molecular mechanisms,HT22 cells were treated in vitro with either SMS-LD medicated serum alone or in combination with AG490 and then exposed to CIH for 48 *** results indicate that SMS-LD significantly mitigated CIH-induced cognitive impairments in ***,SMS-LD treatment enhanced dendritic spine density,ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction,reduced oxidative stress,and activated the EPO/EPOR/JAK2 signaling ***,AG490 negated SMS-LD’s neuroprotective and cognitive improvement effects under CIH *** findings suggest that SMS-LD’s beneficial impact on cognitive impairment and synaptic and mitochondrial integrity under CIH conditions may predominantly be attributed to the activation of the EPO/EPOR/JAK2 signaling pathway.

关键词： Chronic intermittent hypoxia Cognitive impairment Shengmaisan liuwei Dihuang Decoction Oxidative stress EPO/EPOR/JAK2 signaling pathway

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Risk assessment of coastal flooding disaster by storm surge based on Elevation-Area method and hydrodynamic models:Taking Bohai Bay as an example

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 494-504页

作者： Fu Wang xue-zheng liu Yong Li Heng Yu Ming-zheng Wen Yun-zhuang Hu Tianjin Center(North China Center of Geoscience Innovation) China Geological SurveyTianjin 300170China Key Laboratory of Coast Geo-Environment China Geological SurveyTianjin 300170China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Coast Geological Processes and Environmental Safety Tianjin 300170China Hebei University of Environmental Engineering Qinhuangdao 066102China Hebei Engineering Research Center for Ecological Restoration of seaward Rivers and Coastal Waters Qinhuangdao 066102China Department of Earth and Environment Boston UniversityBoston 02215USA

The future inundation by storm surge on coastal areas are currently *** increasing global sealevel due to climate change,the coastal flooding by storm surge is more and more frequently,especially in coastal lowland with land ***,the risk assessment of such inundation for these areas is of great significance for the sustainable socio-economic *** this paper,the authors use Elevation-Area method and Regional Ocean Model System(ROMS)model to assess the risk of the inundation of Bohai Bay by storm *** simulation results of Elevation-Area method show that either a 50-year or 100-year storm surge can inundate coastal areas exceeding 8000 km^(2);the numerical simulation results based on hydrodynamics,considering ground friction and duration of the storm surge high water,show that a 50-year or 100-year storm surge can only inundate an area of over 2000 km^(2),which is far less than 8000 km^(2);while,when taking into account the land subsidence and sea level rise,the very inundation range will rapidly increase by 2050 and *** storm surge will greatly impact the coastal area within about 10-30 km of the Bohai Bay,in where almost all major coastal projects are *** prompt response to flood disaster due to storm surge is urgently needed,for which five suggestions have been proposed based on the geological background of Bohai *** study may offer insight into the development of the response and adaptive plans for flooding disasters caused by storm surge.

关键词： Storm surge ROMS Elevation-Area method Numerical simulation Land subsidence Flooding disaster Sea level rise Marine geological survey engineering Geological disaster survey engineering Bohai Bay

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