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Large-brained birds lay smaller but heavier clutches

Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 460-466页

作者： Shaobin Li xiaoman liu Guopan Li Xiaolong Du College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou40025China

The brain is among the most energetically costly organs in vertebrates,and thus trade-offs have been hypothesized to exert constraints on brain size *** energy trade-off hypothesis(ETH) predicts that reducing the energy consumption of reproduction or other costly tissues should compensate for the cost of a large *** production in birds requires a large proportion of the total energy budget,and a clutch mass in some bird species can outweigh the body mass of the *** date,this hypothesis has mainly been tested in mammals and ectothermic animals such as anurans and *** collated data on adult brain size,body mass and eggproduction traits such as clutch size,egg mass and annual broods from published studies,and conducted a phylogenetic comparative test of the interplay between egg-production investment and brain size evolution across bird *** controlling for phylogenetic relationships and body size,we find a negative correlation between brain size and clutch size across 1395 species,which favored ***,when egg mass was integrated in models,positive associations were detected between brain size and mass of eggs(via egg mass,clutch mass and annual total egg mass).Our results suggest that brain size trades off against egg-production only via certain aspects(e.g.,clutch size).By contrast,a positive relationship between brain size and total egg reproduction(e.g.,clutch mass and annual total egg mass) implied increased total energy budget outweighing energy allocation across bird *** study shows that there is no general energy trade-off between brain size and eggreproduction investment,and suggests that brain size evolution follows mixed strategies across bird species.

关键词： Brain size Breeding attempts Clutch size Comparative analysis Egg mass Reproduction investment Trade-off

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Polymer-chlorella cells conjugating with aggregation-induced functionality switch towards hydrogen evolution

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第8期63卷 1416-1425页

作者： WANG ShengLiang XU ZhiJun LIN Song liu xiaoman WANG Lei HUANG Xin MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The manipulation of physicochemical and biological properties of the encapsulated cells by cell surface engineering technique is now attracting more and more researchers’*** this study,we showed a mild and highly efficient way to build a type of polymer-living cell conjugates based on photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization(PET-RAFT).The polymerization could proceed at room temperature under the blue light initiating and showed very less influence on the activity of the living ***,the constructed positively charged polymer-living cell conjugates could aggregate with the negatively charged native Chlorella pyrenoidosa(CP)cell to form a microscale aggregate which then allowed a functionality switching of the encapsulated CP cells from the normal photosynthetic O2 towards H2 production with an average rate of 0.26μmol H2h-^1(mg chlorophyll)-^1 for 42 *** is then anticipated that the method we show could contribute an effective way for generating different functionalized living cell-polymer hybrid structures on demand,and the demonstrated aggregation-induced functionality switching of the CP cells is also anticipated to inspire more applications of the cell-based materials towards biology green energy.

关键词： cell surface engineering reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization self-assembly biology green energy

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Occupational Stress and Risk Factors Among Workers from Electronic Manufacturing Service Companies in China

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China CDC weekly 2020年第9期2卷 131-134页

作者： Jin Wang xiaoman liu Tao Li Shuang Li National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Occupational stress and workplace health have become issues of significant concern for both employees and *** workers from electronic manufacturing services(EMS)industry in China are exposed to increasing occupational hazards and *** the fact that it is a known health risk for psychological and medical disorders,only few studies have investigate the prevalence of occupational stress and risk factors among EMS *** is added by this report?Analysis of data from the EMS industry of Occupational Stress Surveillance Program with a sample of 21,362 participants from 20 EMS *** show that the prevalence of high strain and effort-reward imbalance were 19.5% and 15.8%,respectively,which are significantly differed by selected socio-demographic and job *** who are migrant,or working in the assembly-line position or in shift are exposed to higher stress *** are the implications for public health practice?EMS workers are liable to be at risk for occupational stress and for developing psychological disorders and *** findings of this study contribute to an evidence-base which inform the development and implementation of strategies aimed at reducing occupational stress of EMS workers should be at organizational and individual level.

关键词： injuries occupational companies

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Focus and Progress of the Occupational Health Initiative

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China CDC weekly 2020年第47期2卷 906-909页

作者： Jin Wang xiaoman liu Xin Sun Shuang Li National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Summary China’s rapid socioeconomic development has led to the coexistence of traditional and modern occupational hazards,and workers are facing increasingly serious risks of physical and mental health *** with the Healthy China strategy acting as the innovative force in advancing China’s public health,a series of national action plans has been implemented providing comprehensive strategies for protecting worker’s benefits and strengthening occupational disease prevention by integrating the sources of government,employers,workers,and other stakeholders.

关键词： prevention Focus integrating

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A hybrid chemical modification strategy for monocrystalline silicon micro-grinding:Experimental investigation and synergistic mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第7期36卷 147-159页

作者： Yinghui REN Kexin LI Wei LI Xiangming HUANG xiaoman liu Genyu CHEN Toshiro DOI College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Laser Research Institute Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Kyushu University Fukuoka 814-0001Japan

For high performance manufacturing of micro parts and features,a hybrid chemical modification strategy is proposed to decrease critical energy barrier of mechanical removal of hard and brittle crystal material by refining localized machining *** strategy,namely UVlight and IR-laser hybrid chemical modification(UVIR-CM)strategy,includes two steps,an ultraviolet light(UV-light)catalytic advanced oxidation and an infrared laser(IR-laser)assisted selective modification based on Fenton liquid–solid reaction for monocrystalline *** modification effects of UVIR-CM strategy were investigated by surface morphology micro-observation,crosssection transmission electron microscopy(TEM)observation,Raman spectroscopy analysis and nanoindentation *** results demonstrated that varied degrees of laser texturing appeared on different strategy samples’IR-laser scanned *** the IR-laser thermal damage has been successfully inhibited due to the refraction and reflection of energy by bubbles in liquid *** for the UVIR-CM strategy,a uniform and amorphous silicate layer is detected in a certain *** UV-light promotes oxidation cycle ability of the chemical solution and ensures sufficient oxide modified layer for subsequent *** to synergism of photochemical,photothermal and kinetic effects induced by IR-laser,the modified layer displays layered structure with about 600 nm thickness,(2.7±0.60)GPa nanohardness,and(93.7±22.9)GPa indentation *** the layered structure is amorphous layer,nanocrystal and micro-twins layer from the surface to the interior of ***,it reveals that the subsequent mechanical removal will become easy due to decreasing energy barrier of monocrystalline silicon in selective ***,its original excellent mechanical properties also are maintained under a certain *** results contribute to develop a novel combined micro-machining technology to achieve collaborative manufacturin

关键词： Modification strategy Monocrystalline silicon Multi-energy fields Selective surface modification

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TNFR2 expression on non-bone marrow-derived cells is crucial for lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock and downregulation of soluble TNFR2 level in serum

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第2期8卷 164-171页

作者： Lijie Rong Jingjing Deng Xiaopu Zhao xiaoman liu Xia Xu Zhihai Qin National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules China-Japan Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and ImmunologyInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of BiophysicsBeijingChina

Persistently high serum levels of soluble tumor-necrosis factor(TNF)receptor 2(sTNFR2)have been observed in septic shock and many inflammatory ***,its origin and regulation during these pathological processes are still largely *** this study,murine bone marrow(BM)chimeras selectively expressing TNFR2 on either BM-derived or non-BM-derived cells were generated and challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).The results show that TNFR2 expression on non-BM-derived cells is crucial for both the sensitivity of mice to LPS and the downregulation of sTNFR2 in *** importantly,sTNFR2 was released from both BM-and non-BM-derived ***-BM TNFR1 expression influenced the sensitivity of mice to LPS challenge but not the level of serum *** results provide the first in vivo evidence for the origin and regulation of sTNFR2 in serum and could aid in the development of novel anti-TNF strategies against septic shock.

关键词： LPS non-BM-derived cells sTNFR2

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Fabrication of the TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) loaded ceramic membrane targeting for photocatalytic degradation of PPCPs:ciprofloxacin,tetracycline,and ibuprofen

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第10期18卷 75-88页

作者： Taisheng Zhao xiaoman liu Lankun Huai Rui Feng Tao Yan Weiying Xu Yanxia Zhao School of Water Conservancy and Environment University of JinanJinan 250022China

Photocatalytic membranes offer an effective strategy to overcome the difficulties of solid-liquid separation and secondary contamination of powdered *** is a 2D material of layered Ti_(3)C_(2),which is considered to limit electron-hole separation and contribute to *** this work,the etched Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene was loaded on the surface of ceramic membranes using polydopamine(PDA)as a binder,followed by one-step calcination to produce TiO_(2) nanoparticles(NPs)in *** characterizations supported that the TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) ceramic membranes had high mechanical strength while retaining the layered structure of Ti_(3)C_(2),which was conducive to the inhibition of electron and hole complexation,improving the photocatalytic *** experiments revealed that the material showed enhanced degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)such as ciprofloxacin(CIP),tetracycline(TCN)and ibuprofen(IBP).The LC-MS and toxicity prediction models indicated that the developmental toxicity of CIP degradation products decreased with prolonged photocatalytic reaction,exhibiting no acute toxicity to *** MT650 exhibited significantly enhanced water flux properties(320 L/(m^(2)·h).The TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) ceramic membranes explored in this work are expected to target the treatment of PPCPs with excellent engineering promise.

关键词： MXene TiO_(2) Photocatalytic degradation Ceramic membrane Pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)

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TNFR-1 on tumor cells contributes to the sensitivity of fi brosarcoma to chemotherapy

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Protein & Cell 2013年第5期4卷 393-401页

作者： Jingjing Deng Xiaopu Zhao Lijie Rong Xiao Li xiaoman liu Zhihai Qin Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and ImmunologyInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Impaired tumor necrosis factor receptor-1(TNFR-1)signaling has been found in some malignant tumors with poor ***,the exact role of TNFR-1 signaling in fi brosarcoma remains ***,we explored the question by comparing the growth of TNFR-1 deficient(Tnfr1-)and TNFR-1 competent(Tnfr1+)fibrosarcoma FB61 cells(FB61-m and FB61-R1)in ***-1 expression on fibrosarcoma cells delayed their growth in vivo but not in ***,reduced FB61-R1 tumor growth was also obtained in T NFR-1 knockout *** mechanism relies mainly on the TNFR-1-mediated down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)production by tumor ***,treatment of FB61-m tumors with melphalan resulted in a short delay of tumor growth,followed by a quick r ***,when FB61-R1 tumors were treated with melphalan,tumor growth was similarly delayed at fi rst and then completely *** results reveal evidence for TNFR-1 on tumor cells as a prerequisite in chemotherapy for fi brosarcoma,and provide novel insight into the therapeutic approach against some types of tumors using TNFR-1 angonist.

关键词： TNFR-1 fi brosarcoma chemotherapy

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Enhanced cross-flow filtration with flat-sheet ceramic membranes by titanium-based coagulation for membrane fouling control

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 269-284页

作者： xiaoman liu Chang Tian Yanxia Zhao Weiying Xu Dehua Dong Kaimin Shih Tao Yan Wen Song School of Water Conservancy and Environment University of JinanJinan 250022China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Application of ceramic membrane(CM)with outstanding characteristics,such as high flux and chemical-resistance,is inevitably restricted by membrane *** was an economical and effective technology for membrane fouling *** study investigated the filtration performance of ceramic membrane enhanced by the emerging titanium-based coagulant(polytitanium chloride,PTC).Particular attention was paid to the simulation of ceramic membrane fouling using four widely used mathematical *** show that filtration of the PTC-coagulated effluent using flat-sheet ceramic membrane achieved the removal of organic matter up to 78.0%.Permeate flux of ceramic membrane filtration reached 600 L/(m2$h),which was 10-fold higher than that observed with conventional polyaluminum chloride(PAC)*** PTC,fouling of the ceramic membrane was attributed to the formation of cake layer,whereas for PAC,standard filtration/intermediate filtration(blocking of membrane pores)was also a key fouling *** sum up,cross-flow filtration with flat-sheet ceramic membranes could be significantly enhanced by titanium-based coagulation to produce both high-quality filtrate and high-permeation flux.

关键词： Ceramic membrane Coagulation Polytitanium chloride Membrane fouling

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Evaluating changes in ecological land and effect of protecting important ecological spaces in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第9期31卷 1245-1260页

作者： GAO Jixi liu xiaoman WANG Chao WANG Yong FU Zhuo HOU Peng LYU Na Ministry of Ecology and Environment Center for Satellite Application on Ecology and Environment Beijing 100094China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

It is important to quantitatively analyze the effects of protection of important ecological spaces in China to ensure national ecological *** considering changes in the ecological land,this study examines the effects of protecting three types of important natural ecological spaces in China from 1980 to ***,considering important ecological spaces and their surroundings yields differences in the effects of protection between internal and external spaces,where this can provide a scientific basis for the categorization and zoning of China’s *** results show the following:(1)In 2018,the ratio of ecological land to important natural ecological spaces accounted for 92.64%.This land had a good ecological background that reflects the developmental orientation of important ecological spaces.(2)From 1980 to 2018,the area of ecological land in important ecological spaces shrank but the rate of reduction was lower than the national average,which shows the positive effect of regulating construction in natural ecological *** restorative effects of ecological projects to convert farmland into forests and grasslands have been *** expanded ecological land is mainly distributed in areas where such projects have been implemented,and the reduced area is concentrated in grain-producing areas of the Northeast China Plain and agricultural oases of *** the future,the government should focus on strengthening the management and control of these areas.(3)The area ratio of ecological land was the highest in national nature *** rate of reduction in its area was the lowest and the trend of reduction was the smallest in national nature reserves,which reflects differences in the status of ecological protection among different spaces.(4)The ratio of ecological land to important ecological spaces was higher than that in the surrounding external space,and the rate of reduction in it was ***,the effects of internal and external protection

关键词： ecological spaces ecological land spatial and temporal dynamic changes protection effect categorized and zoned governance

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