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The challenge of defining rare genetic programs by single-cell RNA sequencing:Insights from phloem studies

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 22-25页

作者： xiaomin liu Pawel Roszak YkäHelariutta State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China The Sainsbury Laboratory University of CambridgeCB21TN CambridgeUK Wood Development Group University of Helsinki00100 HelsinkiFinland Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of Helsinki00100 HelsinkiFinland

Single-cell RNA sequencing technology provides unprecedented opportunities to capture the spatiotemporal aspects of genetic programs that drive cell *** is a subtype of vascular tissue that is crucial for transporting sugars,proteins,and other organic *** critical role in the redistribution of carbon between photosynthetically active“source”organs(leaves,shoots)and“sink”tissues/organs incapable of fixing carbon(wood,storage organs,root system,etc.)has made phloem development and its transcriptional regulation a prime research focus.

关键词： organs sugar rare

Thermal Property Enhancement of a Novel Shape-Stabilized Sodium Acetate Trihydrate-Acetamide/Expanded Graphite-Based Composite Phase Change Material

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1564-1576页

作者： AN Zhoujian HOU Wenjie DU Xiaoze HUANG Zhongzheng MOMBEKI PEA Hamir Johan ZHANG Dong liu xiaomin College of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Key Laboratory of Multi-supply System with Solar Energy and Biomass of Gansu Province Lanzhou730050China Gansu Natural Energy Research Institute Lanzhou730046China

Phase change materials(PCMs)are a kind of highly efficient thermal storage materials which have a bright application prospect in many fields such as energy conservation in buildings,waste heat recovery,battery thermal management and so *** inorganic hydrated salt PCMs have received increasing attention from researchers due to their advantages of being inexpensive and ***,inorganic hydrated salt PCMs are still limited by the aspects of inappropriate phase change temperature,liquid phase leakage,large supercooling and severe phase separation in the application *** this work,sodium acetate trihydrate was selected as the basic inorganic PCM,and a novel shape-stabilized composite phase change material(CPCM)with good thermal properties was prepared by adding various functional *** first,the sodium acetate trihydrate-acetamide binary mixture was prepared and the melting point was adjusted using *** the binary mixture was incorporated into expanded graphite to synthesize a novel shape-stabilized *** thermophysical properties of the resultant shape-stabilized CPCM were systematically *** microscopic morphology and chemical structure of the obtained shape-stabilized CPCM were characterized and *** experiment results pointed out that acetamide could effectively lower the melting point of sodium acetate *** obtained shape-stabilized CPCM modified with additional 18%(mass fraction)acetamide and 12%(mass fraction)expanded graphite exhibited good shape stability and thermophysical characteristics:a low supercooling degree of 1.75℃and an appropriate melting temperature of 40.77℃were obtained;the latent heat of 151.64 kJ/kg and thermal conductivity of 1.411 W/(m·K)were also ***,after 50accelerated melting-freezing cycles,the obtained shape-stabilized CPCM represented good thermal reliability.

关键词： sodium acetate trihydrate melting point modification agent expanded graphite shape stability thermal conductivity enhancement

Silencing of early auxin responsive genes MdGH3-2/12 reduces the resistance to Fusarium solani in apple

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3012-3024页

作者： Qianwei liu Shuo Xu Lu Jin Xi Yu Chao Yang xiaomin liu Zhijun Zhang Yusong liu Chao Li Fengwang Ma State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Apple replant disease(ARD)has led to severe yield and quality reduction in the apple *** solani(***)has been identified as one of the main microbial pathogens responsible for ***(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA),an endogenous hormone in plants,is involved in almost all plant growth and development processes and plays a role in plant immunity against *** Hagen3(GH3)is one of the early/primary auxin response *** aim of this study was to evaluate the function of MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 in the defense response of *** by treating MdGH3-2/12 RNAi plants with *** results show that under *** infection,RNAi of MdGH3-2/12 inhibited plant biomass accumulation and exacerbated root *** inoculation with ***,MdGH3-2/12 RNAi inhibited the biosynthesis of acid-amido *** led to the inhibition of free IAA combining with amino acids,resulting in excessive free IAA *** excessive free IAA altered plant tissue structure,accelerated fungal hyphal invasion,reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD and CAT),increased the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and reduced total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic ability,while regulating the expression of PR-related genes including PR1,PR4,PR5 and *** also changed the contents of plant hormones and amino acids,and ultimately reduced the resistance to *** conclusion,these results demonstrate that MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 play an important role in apple tolerance to *** and ARD.

关键词： Fusarium solani early auxin responsive gene apple replant disease plant hormone antioxidant

Isolation of exogenous fungi from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and preliminary analysis of toxigenic fungi

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第2期4卷 179-182页

作者： Lei Zhou Xiangsheng Zhao xiaomin liu Hefang Wan Chun Sui Xuyu Chen Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal MaterialsInstitute of Medicinal Plant Development(IMPLAD)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeHaikou 570311China

Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Sanqi in Chinese)is a precious traditional Chinese herbal *** has the effect of dispersing blood stasis and stopping bleeding,reducing swelling and fixing ***,it tends to contaminate with harmful fungi during storage,which may make it much less *** order to understand the fungal contamination of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and master its composition of the exogenous *** surface fungi of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma samples collected from six Chinese provinces and districts were investigated by using dilution plate *** of aflatoxins by UPLC-MS/*** results showed that Penicillium citrinum was dominantly isolated from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma samples from No.1 to *** flavus,which produces aflatoxin,was dominantly isolated from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma samples from No.5 and *** addition,kinds of mycotoxin were assayed which were produced by three of those identified *** three fungi strains produced aflatoxin B1(AFB1)and one strain HBSQ1-5 additionally produced other three kinds of mycotoxin,AFB2,AFG1 and *** is the results implied that it will be very important to take serious cautions when using Notoginseng Radix et *** well as,understanding the composition of the exogenous fungi of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and the strains of toxin-producing fungi,which can play an important role in guiding the storage of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

关键词： Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma Exogenous fungal Amplicon sequencing Mycotoxin

Digital twin modeling and controlling of optical power evolution enabling autonomous-driving optical networks: a Bayesian approach

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 69-80页

作者： xiaomin liu Yihao Zhang Yuli Chen Yichen liu Meng Cai Qizhi Qiu Mengfan Fu Lilin Yi Weisheng Hu Qunbi Zhuge Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksDepartment of Electronic Engineering

Optical networks are evolving toward ultrawide bandwidth and autonomous operation. In this scenario, it is crucial to accurately model and control optical power evolutions(OPEs) through optical amplifiers(OAs), as they directly affect the signal-to-noise ratio and fiber nonlinearities. However, a fundamental contradiction arises between the complex physical phenomena in optical transmission and the required precision in network control. Traditional theoretical methods underperform due to ideal assumptions, while data-driven approaches entail exorbitant costs associated with acquiring massive amounts of data to achieve the desired level of accuracy. In this work, we propose a Bayesian inference framework(BIF) to construct the digital twin of OAs and control OPE in a data-efficient manner. Only the informative data are collected to balance the exploration and exploitation of the data space, thus enabling efficient autonomous-driving optical networks(ADONs). Simulations and experiments demonstrate that the BIF can reduce the data size for modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers by 80% and Raman amplifiers by 60%. Within 30 iterations, the optimal controlling performance can be achieved to realize target signal/gain profiles in links with different types of OAs. The results show that the BIF paves the way to accurately model and control OPE for future ADONs.

关键词： optical fiber communications digital twin Bayesian inference optical amplifiers autonomous-driving optical networks

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帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪明知认定的中间路径

法律适用 2024年第6期 165-176,F0003页

作者：刘孝敏江西财经大学法学院

帮信罪从设立之初的沉寂到近几年案件数量井喷式增长的一个重要原因是,实务中明知认定从仅限(接近)确定性认识转向涵括抽象可能性认识,这两种极端立场均应放弃。帮信罪明知应当以具体可能性认识为前提,对明知推定规则中例示规定、兜底... 详细信息

帮信罪从设立之初的沉寂到近几年案件数量井喷式增长的一个重要原因是,实务中明知认定从仅限(接近)确定性认识转向涵括抽象可能性认识,这两种极端立场均应放弃。帮信罪明知应当以具体可能性认识为前提,对明知推定规则中例示规定、兜底规定和有效反驳的理解均应以具体可能性认识为基础。根据司法解释中列举的基础事实或者个案中帮助内容、帮助对象的行为等证据信息推断行为人存在具体可能性认识,可以认定帮信罪故意的明知,为弥补具体可能性认识与分则明知的刑事可罚性差距,还应当根据行为人回避进一步调查的动机、代价和常情考虑,综合判断是否需要认定帮信罪的明知。

关键词：帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪明知中间路径应当知道具体可能性认识

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全球学术出版市场的开放获取格局探究

出版发行研究 2024年第8期 82-89页

作者：陈诺刘筱敏中国科学院文献情报中心

文章采用网络调研、案例研究以及数据分析方法,对当前全球学术出版市场现状进行总结,分析出版商的开放获取(OA)策略以及各国行动差异;近20年OA的持续推进,学术界推动出版商从传统阅读出版模式向OA转型,20余年全球学术出版市场最大的格... 详细信息

文章采用网络调研、案例研究以及数据分析方法,对当前全球学术出版市场现状进行总结,分析出版商的开放获取(OA)策略以及各国行动差异;近20年OA的持续推进,学术界推动出版商从传统阅读出版模式向OA转型,20余年全球学术出版市场最大的格局之变就是OA背景下价格体系的失衡以及出版商和科研机构的博弈。寡头出版商、掠夺型期刊以及巨型OA期刊的势力在OA转化行动助推下持续扩张,市场支配地位的巩固以及长期主导权造成内需外流与供需质量错配,OA的可持续性和合理化路径有待斟酌;通过分析全球出版市场现状,认为中国处于科研创新和争取学术话语权的风口,建议应在政策体系、资金体系、基础设施三方面重点突破,克服危机,乘势而上。

关键词：开放获取出版商学术出版市场价格体系

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中美化学领域高被引科学家特征分析与比较

图书情报工作 2024年第17期68卷 109-121页

作者：张婧宇刘筱敏中国科学院文献情报中心北京100190 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系北京100190

[目的/意义]通过国内外化学领域高被引科学家样本,分析顶尖科技人才的特征,为了解科学家成长规律提供参考。[方法/过程]以中、美2019—2021年入选科睿唯安化学领域“全球高被引科学家”的科学家为研究对象,从多源信息挖掘构建高被引科... 详细信息

[目的/意义]通过国内外化学领域高被引科学家样本,分析顶尖科技人才的特征,为了解科学家成长规律提供参考。[方法/过程]以中、美2019—2021年入选科睿唯安化学领域“全球高被引科学家”的科学家为研究对象,从多源信息挖掘构建高被引科学家个人信息数据库,从年龄特征、教育经历、流动经历三大角度对高被引科学家进行深度比较分析。[结果/结论]相较于美国,中国化学高被引科学家平均年龄年轻8.74岁,但其影响力的延续性平均低于美国科学家1.53年;高被引科学家的高等教育专业培养奠定了其研究基础,98.4%的两国化学高被引科学家具有博士学位,大部分科学家毕业于国内外知名高校;46.07%的高被引科学家未曾发生过工作机构的变动,展现出一定的“固定化”特征等。

关键词：高被引科学家特征分析信息挖掘计量分析

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基于EQA和AD的产品仿生创新设计方法

机械工程学报 2024年第1期60卷 329-342页

作者：陈亮张活刘晓敏林章敏福州大学机械工程及自动化学院福州350116

针对分布式资源环境下仿生学与创新方法集成应用于产品创新设计问题,提出一种基于抽取式问答(Extractive question answering,EQA)和公理化设计(Axiomatic design,AD)的产品仿生创新方法。首先,构建基于知识挖掘的生物文本及工程设计信... 详细信息

针对分布式资源环境下仿生学与创新方法集成应用于产品创新设计问题,提出一种基于抽取式问答(Extractive question answering,EQA)和公理化设计(Axiomatic design,AD)的产品仿生创新方法。首先,构建基于知识挖掘的生物文本及工程设计信息数据库,实现生物及工程数据的处理与储存。其次,构建基于EQA的问答系统并提出一种生物参数获取方法,从设计功能的角度匹配合适的生物参数。然后,以融合EQA和AD的产品仿生创新设计流程为基础,实现从用户需求到设计方案的转换,获得可行的产品设计方案。最后,开发了相应的仿生创新设计辅助软件系统,辅助设计者进行产品创新设计,并以紫外线消毒车设计为例,验证了所提出的产品仿生创新设计方法的可行性与有效性。

关键词： EQA AD 仿生设计创新设计紫外线消毒车