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Observation and verification of surface electrical explosion driven by radial-distributed pulsed current in laboratory lightning strike test

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 137-149页

作者： Ruoyu han Yuchen Cao Yakun liu Xi Chen ting Li Chen Li Pengfei Li State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Beijing Institute of Astronautical System Engineering BeijingChina Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology BeijingChina

The laboratory lightning test is essential for assessing the effectiveness of lightning strike protection(LSP).Particularly,direct lightning strike damage can be performed with pulsed current injection into the *** paper focuses on the dynamic process of arc plasma and shock wave behaviour in the vicinity of the‘strike’point.A rod-plate discharge load is built for testing aluminium and coated plate under 40-kA-level pulsed *** visualisation of the luminous discharge plasma and its flow field via high-speed photography(from different angles)is meticulously designed and implemented,synchronised with electro-physical *** results indicate some new mechanisms for lightning strike damage,apart from the impulse heat loading from the thermal *** transient current injection through the arc root concentrates on a thin skin layer(skin-depth effect),with the radial-attenuated current density,driving asynchronously electrical explosions on the plate *** inhomogeneous Joule heating of the plate leads to outwardly propagating phase transition and shock wave along the conductive *** addition,the electro-thermal instability is observed and regarded as the seed of irregular erosion *** information reveals two different plasma states of main discharge arc channel and adjacent surface electrical *** correspondence of the physical mechanism of electrical explosion and optical radiation is *** images for different regions depict erosion characteristics and summarise influencing factors,further confirming the mechanism *** research clarifies the role of skin-depth effect in transaction arc erosion for electrode,complements the electrical explosion theory with unevenly distributed current and helps optimise strategies of LSP.

关键词： electrical lightning radial

Volatile metabolome and transcriptome reveal fragrance release rhythm and molecular mechanisms of Rosa yangii

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第7期22卷 2111-2125页

作者： ZHOU Li-jun HUANG Run-huan liu ting-han liu Wei-chao CHEN Yun-yi LÜPei-feng LUO Le PAN Hui-tang YU Chao ZhanG Qi-xiang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding/National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture/Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education/School of Landscape Architecture Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083P.R.China

Rose is a highly significant ornamental plant with substantial edible and medicinal value,cultivated worldwide primarily for perfume ***,Rosa yangii,a new species found in northwestern Yunnan,China,has drawn attention due to its strong sweet scented *** this study,the floral components of *** were extracted at different flowering stages using solid phase micro extraction(SPME)and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).A total of 131 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were detected from ***,including 69 odor *** production and release of floral VOCs were the highest during the initial-open stage,making it the most suitable time for harvesting as a significant number of floral components were synthesized and *** analysis of the odor activity values(OAV)highlighted several key aromatic ingredients of ***,such as eugenol,methyleugenol,benzeneacetaldehyde and phenylethylalcohol,heptanal,decanal,(E)-2-hexen-1-yl acetate,caryophyllene,and *** and time-order gene co-expression networks(TO-GCN)revealed that VOCs and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids,along with associated genes,played a pivotal role in the overall floral regulatory network of *** and bHLH were identified as the essential regulatory factors governing the regulation of eugenol synthase(EGS)and isoeugenol synthase(IGS),consequently influencing the sweet scent of *** findings of this study provide a scientific foundation for enhancing fragrance through molecular breeding of ornamental ***,the study facilitated the development and utilization of this new plant’s essential oil material in various industries,including food storage,aromatherapy,cosmetic,and perfumery.

关键词： rose sweet fragrance SPME-GC-MS aroma VOCs TO-GCN

Predictability of the upper ocean heat content in a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 1-10页

作者： ting liu Wenxiu Zhong State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Upper ocean heat content(OHC)has been widely recognized as a crucial precursor to high-impact climate variability,especially for that being indispensable to the long-term memory of the *** the predictability of OHC using state-of-the-art climate models is invaluable for improving and advancing climate *** developed retrospective forecast experiments,based on a Community Earth System Model ensemble prediction system,offer a great opportunity to comprehensively explore OHC *** results indicate that the skill of actual OHC predictions varies across different oceans and diminishes as the lead time of prediction *** spatial distribution of the actual prediction skill closely resembles the corresponding persistence skill,indicating that the persistence of OHC serves as the primary predictive signal for its *** decline in actual prediction skill is more pronounced in the Indian and Atlantic oceans than in the Pacific Ocean,particularly within tropical ***,notable seasonal variations in the actual prediction skills across different oceans align well with the phase-locking features of OHC *** potential predictability of OHC generally surpasses the actual prediction skill at all lead times,highlighting significant room for improvement in current OHC predictions,especially for the North Indian Ocean and the Atlantic *** such improvements necessitates a collaborative effort to enhance the quality of ocean observations,develop effective data assimilation methods,and reduce model bias.

关键词： ocean heat content prediction skill retrospective forecast experiment

Dynamically lithium-compensated polymer artificial SEI to assist highly stable lithium-rich manganese-based anode-free lithium metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2527-2535页

作者： Ming-Ji Peng Jin-Qiu Zhou ting-ting han Yang Zhou Jie liu Na Xu Zhen-Kang Wang Wen-Bin Lin Cheng-Lin Yan Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry College of EnergySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Light Industry Instituteof Electrochemical Power Sources Suzhou 215006China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China e-mail:jliu93@*** State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-SourcesShanghai 200245China Centre Energie Materiaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueVarennesQC J3X 1S2Canada Zhangjiagang Industrial Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Owing to the unique structure,anode-free lithium metal batteries(AFLMBs)have higher energy density and lower production cost than traditional lithium metal batteries(LMBs)or lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),However,AFLMBs suffer from an inherently finite Li reservoir and exhibit poor cycle stability,low Coulombic efficiency(CE)and severe dendrite *** this work,polydiallyl lithium disulfide(PDS-Li)was successfully synthesized and coated on Cu current collector by electrochemical *** PDS-Li acts as an additional lithium resource to compensate for the irreversible loss of lithium during *** addition,the special structure and lithiophilicity of PDS-Li contribute to lower nucleation overpotential and uniform lithium *** coupled with Li-rich manganese-based(LRM)cathode of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2,the anode-free full cell exhibits significantly improved cycle stability over 100 cycles and capacity retention of 63.3%and 57%after 80 and 100 cycles,*** believe that PDS-Li can be used to ensure stable cycling performance and high-energy-density in AFLMBs.

关键词： Anode-free Artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) Lithium metal batteries Lithium-rich cathode Finite element simulation

Prediction of impurity spectrum function by deep learning algorithm

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 52-63页

作者：刘婷韩榕生陈亮 School of Mathematics and Physics North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Institute of Condensed Matter Physics North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

By using the numerical renormalization group(NRG)method,we construct a large dataset with about one million spectral functions of the Anderson quantum impurity *** dataset contains the density of states(DOS)of the host material,the strength of Coulomb interaction between on-site electrons(U),and the hybridization between the host material and the impurity site(Γ).The continued DOS and spectral functions are stored with Chebyshev coefficients and wavelet functions,*** this dataset,we build seven different machine learning networks to predict the spectral function from the input data,DOS,U,andΓ.Three different evaluation indexes,mean absolute error(MAE),relative error(RE)and root mean square error(RMSE),are used to analyze the prediction abilities of different network *** analysis shows that,for the two kinds of widely used recurrent neural networks(RNNs),gate recurrent unit(GRU)has better performance than the long short term memory(LSTM)network.A combination of bidirectional GRU(BiGRU)and GRU has the best performance among GRU,BiGRU,LSTM,and *** MAE peak of BiGRU+GRU reaches *** have also tested a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1DCNN)with 20 hidden layers and a residual neural network(ResNet),we find that the 1DCNN has almost the same performance of the BiGRU+GRU network for the original dataset,while the robustness testing seems to be a little weak than BiGRU+GRU when we test all these models on two other independent *** ResNet has the worst performance among all the seven network *** datasets presented in this paper,including the large data set of the spectral function of Anderson quantum impurity model,are openly available at https://***/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00192.

关键词： machine learning Anderson impurity model spectral function

Engineered plant extracellular vesicles for autoimmune diseases therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2857-2873页

作者： Ruina han Yan Wu Yafei han Xiangfei liu han liu Jiacan Su Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Organoid Research Center Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China National Center for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)SHU Branch Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Zhongye HospitalShanghai 200941China Department of Orthopedics Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

Autoimmune diseases(AID)encompass a diverse array of conditions characterized by immune system dysregulation,resulting in aberrant responses of B cells and T cells against the body’s own healthy *** extracellular vesicles(PEVs)are nanoscale particles enclosed by phospholipid bilayers,secreted by plant cells,which facilitate intercellular communication by transporting various bioactive *** to their nanoscale structure,safety,abundant sources,low immunogenicity,high yield,biocompatibility,and effective targeting of the colon and liver,PEVs are regarded as a promising platform for the treatment of *** review provides a comprehensive summary of PEV biogenesis,physicochemical and biological properties,internalization mechanisms,isolation methods,and their applications in various diseases,with a specific focus on their potential roles in ***,we propose engineering approaches and administration methods for ***,we present an overview of the advantages and challenges associated with utilizing PEVs for the treatment of *** gaining a comprehensive understanding of PEVs,we anticipate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for *** and engineered PEVs hold substantial promise as a valuable resource for innovative technologies in AID treatment.

关键词： autoimmune diseases plant extracellular vesicles extracellular vesicles engineering modification

Preparation of Tartary Buckwheat Seed Coating Agent and Its Effect on Germination

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第4期93卷 699-712页

作者： Xin Zou Jieyu Zhang ting Cheng Yangyang Guo Xiao han han liu Yuxing Qin Jie Li Dabing Xiang Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Food and Biological EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu610106China Agricultural Service Center People’s Government of Yanglu TownYunyang CountyChongqing404512China

To mitigate the wastage of seed resources and reduce the usage of pesticides and fertilizers, seed coating agentshave gained popularity. This study employs single-factor and multi-index orthogonal experimental design methodsto investigate the seed coating formula and physical properties of Tartary buckwheat. The specific effects ofeach component on Tartary buckwheat seed germination are analyzed. The findings reveal that the seed coatingagent formulated with 1.5% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.15% sodium alginate, 0.2% op-10, 0.1% polyacrylamide, 8% colorant,3% ammonium sulfate, 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.15% carbendazim exhibits the mosteffective coating. It demonstrates optimal physical properties and promotes seed germination efficiently. The suspensionrate of this seed coating agent reaches 91.12%, with a mere 2.13% coating shedding rate and 2.5% coatingseed rot rate. Furthermore, it achieves a germination percentage of 99.17%, which is 20.84% higher than the lowestgroup. The germination potential and index are also significantly higher than the lowest group, with anincrease of 20.84% and 26.56%, respectively. Additionally, the vitality index is 553.08, a 15.75% increase comparedto the lowest group. The application of seed coating agents helps reduce seed resource loss, increase plant numbers,and ultimately enhance agricultural yields. This finding holds practical significance in agriculturalproduction.

关键词： Tartary buckwheat seed coating agent formula germination

In situ probing of electron transfer at the dynamic MoS_(2)/graphene–water interface for modulating boundary slip

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7513-7521页

作者： Yishu han Dameng liu State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The boundary slip condition is pivotal for nanoscale fluid *** research has primarily focused on simulating the interaction mechanism between the electronic structure of two-dimensional materials and slip of water at the nanoscale,raising the possibility for ultralow friction flow of water at the ***,experimentally elucidating electronic interactions at the dynamic solid–liquid interface to control boundary slip poses a significant *** this study,the crucial role of electron structures at the dynamic solid–liquid interface in regulating slip length was ***,the slip length of water on the molybdenum disulfide/graphene(MoS_(2)/G)heterostructure(100.9±3.6 nm)significantly exceeded that of either graphene(27.7±2.2 nm)or MoS_(2)(5.7±3.1 nm)*** was also analyzed how electron transfer significantly affected interface *** electrons played a crucial role in determining the type and proportion of excitons at both MoS_(2)–water and MoS_(2)/G–water ***,by applying voltage,distinct photoluminescence(PL)responses at static and dynamic interfaces were discovered,achieving a 5-fold modulation in PL intensity and a 2-fold modulation in the trion to exciton intensity *** electrons transfer from the top graphene to the bottom MoS_(2)at the MoS_(2)/G–water interface,reducing surface charge ***,the reduction of electrostatic interactions between the solid and water leads to an increased slip length of water on the MoS_(2)/G *** process aids in comprehending the origin of frictional resistance at the subatomic *** work establishes a foundation for actively controlling and designing of fluid transport at the nanoscale.

关键词： two-dimensional materials solid-liquid interface photoluminescence excitons electron transfer slip length

A short review of antibacterial Cu-bearing stainless steel:antibacterial mechanisms,corrosion resistance,and novel preparation techniques

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 24-45页

作者： Shuai liu han-jie Guo School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Cu-bearing stainless steel is widely used in the fields of food,medical and household sanitary equipment because of its surface finish and corrosion ***,the growth of bacteria on stainless steel leads to the formation of biofilms,which causes ***,the antibacterial property of stainless steel is a worthy research *** of breakthroughs in the field of corrosion resistance and antimicrobial properties are still ***,due to the scarcity of publications on the antibacterial mechanisms and processing methods of antibacterial Cu-bearing stainless steel,we review the current state of relevant research and *** toxicity of Cu,corrosion resistance mechanism of stainless steel,and antibacterial mechanism and preparation method of antibacterial stainless steel are *** addition,alloying,surface modification and other methods are found to have limitations in balancing the toxicity and antibacterial properties of copper and the relationship between the antibacterial properties and corrosion resistance of Cu-bearing stainless steel.A new preparation method of antibacterial stainless steel associated with selective laser melting(SLM)is *** is becoming a powerful additive manufacturing technology that can be used to manufacture customized and complex *** research status of SLM applied in antibacterial stainless steel preparation is ***,the future research direction of Cu-bearing antibacterial stainless steel is discussed.

关键词： Cu-bearing stainless steel Antibacterial Processing Additive manufacturing Corrosion resistance