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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期30卷 88-96页

作者： CUI Si Lu liu Peng SU Xiao Hui liu shou jun Institute for Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Center for Endemic Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 Heilongjiang China

Objective We aimed to evaluate goiter prevalence and iodine nutritional status in areas with high levels of water iodine; to monitor the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） in areas at high risk of IDD; and to compare the prevalence of goiter and urine iodine （UI） concentrations between children living in the two areas. Methods Based on surveillance from 2012-2014, we analyzed the concentration of UI and prevalence of goiter in 8-10-year-old children from 12 high-risk IDD provinces, and from 8 provinces and municipalities with excessive water iodine. We calculated goiter prevalence for each UI level according to World Health Organization （WHO） standards and constructed predictive prevalence curves. Results The goiter prevalence and median UI of children from areas with high water iodine were not optimal, being above the WHO standards （5% and 100-199 μg/L, respectively）, whereas those in high-risk areas fell within the standard. UI and goiter prevalence exhibited a U-shaped relationship in high-risk endemic areas and a parabolic relationship in areas of iodine excess. Conclusion Iodine surplus in high-iodine areas leads to high goiter prevalence and UI. However, in high-risk areas, UI was optimal and goiter prevalence met the national criteria for IDD elimination.

关键词： Iodine deficiency High iodine Endemic goiter

Relationship between Iodine Content in Household Iodized Salt and Thyroid Volume Distribution in Children

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期29卷 391-397页

作者： CHAO Hong ZHANG Yu Fu liu Peng HAN Yun Feng liu shou jun Institute of Iodine Deficiency Disorders Center for Endemic Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 Heilongiiang China Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu China Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar 161000 Heilongjiang China

Objective To assess the effect of different levels of salt iodine content on thyroid volume（ThV） distribution using data from the 1999, 2011, and 2014 Chinese national iodine deficiency disorder（IDD） surveys. Methods Probability proportion to size（PPS） sampling method was used to obtain a representative national sample of 34,547, 38,932, and 47,188 Chinese children aged 8-10 years in 1999, 2011, and 2014 Chinese national IDD surveys, respectively. The iodine content in household iodized salt and urinary iodine concentration were measured and thyroid ultrasound examination was performed. The data were analyzed by SAS software using histograms and box plots. The skewness and kurtosis were calculated for testing the normality of ThV. Results The median iodine content in household iodized salt dropped from 42.30 mg/kg in 1999 to 25.00 mg/kg in 2014. The median urinary iodine concentration of children aged 8-10 years decreased from 306.0 μg/L in 1999 to 197.9 μg/L in 2014. The median and interquartile range（IQR） of ThV in 1999, 2011, and 2014 surveys were 3.44 m L and 1.50 m L, 2.60 m L and 1.37 m L, 2.63 m L and 1.25 m L, respectively. The skewness and kurtosis of ThV distribution in 1999, 2011, and 2014 surveys were 1.34 and 5.84, 0.98 and 3.54, 1.27 and 5.49, respectively. Conclusion With reduced salt iodization levels, the median urinary iodine concentration and median ThV of children decreased significantly, and the symmetry of the ThV distribution improved.

关键词： Thyroid volume Iodized salt Children Iodine deficiency disorders Universal salt iodization

Effect of Reduction in Iodine Content of Edible Salt on the Iodine Status of the Chinese Population

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期31卷 645-653页

作者： HE Qian SU Xiao Hui liu Peng FAN Li jun MENG Fan Gang liu Li Xiang LI Ming liu shou jun Institute for Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Center for Endemic Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the revised Chinese National Standard GB26878-2011 ＇Iodine Content in Edible Salt＇ on the iodine status among the Chinese population. Methods In 2011 and 2014, the probability proportionate to size sampling（PPS） was used in each Chinese province to obtain the representative data. In each sampling unit, school children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women were selected. Key indicators included urinary iodine concentration（UIC）, thyroid volume（TV）, and the iodine content in edible household salt. Results The median urinary iodine concentration（MUIC） decreased between 2011 and 2014 from 238.6 to 197.9 μg/L in school-age children. The number of provinces with iodine excess decreased to zero. The proportion of children whose UIC was 〉 300 μg/L was 18.8% and decreased to 11% compared with 29.8% in 2011. There was no significant difference in UIC 〈 50 μg/L between 2014（4.3%） and 2011（3.7%）（P 〉 0.05）. The MUIC among pregnant women in 2014 was more concentrated between 110 and 230 μg/L. The goiter rate among children aged 8-10 years was unchanged, both the goiter rate of 2011 and 2014 remaining below 5%, in view of the sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders. Conclusion The National Standard GB26878-2011 ＇Iodine Content in Edible Salt＇ that was introduced in March 2012 resulted in an overall improvement in iodine status, reducing the risk of excessive iodine intake in the Chinese population.

关键词： Urinary iodine concentration Thyroid volume PPS method

Time Series and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis of the Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期35卷 735-745页

作者： FAN Li jun GAO Yun Yan MENG Fan Gang liu Chang liu Lan Chun DU Yang liu Li Xiang LI Ming SU Xiao Hui liu shou jun liu Peng Institute of lodine DeficiencyDisorders Center for Endemic Disease ControlChinese Center forDisease Control and PreventionHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081HeilongjiangChina National Health Commission&Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province Key laboratory of Etiology and EpidemiologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081HeilongjiangChina

Objective To recognize the spatial and temporal characteristics of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD),China national IDD surveillance data for the years of 1995–2018 were *** Time series analysis was used to describe and predict the IDD related indicators,and spatial analysis was used to analyze the spatial distribution of salt iodine *** In China,the median urinary iodine concentration increased in 1995–1997,then decreased to adequate levels,and are expected to remain appropriate in 2019–*** goiter rate continually decreased and is expected to be maintained at a low *** 2002,the coverage rates of iodized salt and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt(the percentage of qualified iodized salt in all tested salt) increased and began to decline in 2012;they are expected to continue to *** epidemiological analysis indicated a positive spatial correlation in 2016–2018 and revealed feature regarding the spatial distribution of salt related indicators in coastal areas and areas near iodine-excess *** Iodine nutrition in China showed gradual ***,a recent decline has been observed in some areas following changes in the iodized salt supply in *** the future,more regulations regarding salt management should be issued to strengthen IDD control and prevention measures,and avoid the recurrence of IDD.

关键词： Salt iodine lodine deficiency disorders Time series analysis Space epidemiology Reform for the salt industry system

The breaking of spin symmetry in the single-particle resonances in deformed nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 237-245页

作者： Zhen-Yu Zheng shou-Wan Chen Quan liu School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The exploration of spin symmetry (SS) in nuclear physics has been instrumental in identifying atomic nucleus *** this study,we solve the Dirac equation from the relativistic mean field (RMF) in complex momentum *** investigated SS and its breaking in single-particle resonant states within deformed nuclei,with a focus on the illustrative *** was the initial discovery of a resonant spin doublet in a deformed nucleus,with the expectation of the SS approaching the continuum *** increasing single-particle energy,the splitting of the resonant spin doublets widened *** escalating splitting implies diminishing adherence to the SS,indicating a departure from the expected behavior as the energy levels *** also analyzed the width of the resonant states,showing that lower orbital angular momentum resonances possess shorter decay times and that SS is preserved within broad resonant doublets,as opposed to narrow resonant *** the radial density of the upper components for the bound-state and resonant-state doublets,it becomes evident that while SS is well-preserved in the bound states,it deteriorates in the resonant *** impact of nuclear deformation (β_(2)) on SS was examined,demonstrating that an increase in β_(2) resulted in higher energy and width splitting in the resonant spin doublets,which is attributed to increased component ***,the sensitivity of spin doublets to various potential parameters such as surface diffuseness (a),radius (R),and depth (Σ0) is discussed,emphasizing the role of these parameters in *** study provides valuable insights into the behavior of spin doublets in deformed nuclei and their interplay with the nuclear structure,thereby advancing our understanding of SS in the resonance state.

关键词： Spin symmetry Resonant states Deformed nuclei Complex-momentum representation