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中国能源行业甲烷逃逸排放估计方法及减排策略分析

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煤炭经济研究 2024年第1期44卷 59-65页

作者：李政孙铄麻林巍清华大学能源与动力工程系北京100084 清华大学气候变化与可持续发展研究院北京100084 清华大学新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室北京100084

对现有研究中对能源行业甲烷排放开展估计的方法进行梳理,分别总结了测量技术、被测对象、数据处理方案、排放源特点刻画及概率方法的引入等环节上的进展,并概述了现在中国能源行业甲烷逃逸排放估计存在的不足;同时针对上述不足,提出开... 详细信息

对现有研究中对能源行业甲烷排放开展估计的方法进行梳理,分别总结了测量技术、被测对象、数据处理方案、排放源特点刻画及概率方法的引入等环节上的进展,并概述了现在中国能源行业甲烷逃逸排放估计存在的不足;同时针对上述不足,提出开展针对性研究的方法框架。研究发现,不论是煤炭领域还是油气领域,社会能源总需求对甲烷逃逸排放量的变化都有重要的影响,减排技术的应用和推广有着广阔的减排潜力。为了进一步推进能源行业甲烷逃逸排放减排,应注重社会能源消费结构的调节,引导煤炭和油气总需求平稳下降;加强减排技术的推广和利用,充分发掘减排技术的潜力。

关键词：能源行业甲烷逃逸排放测量与估计甲烷减排

Molecular behaviors in thin film lubrication——Part two: Direct observation of the molecular orientation near the solid surface

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Friction 2019年第5期7卷 479-488页

作者： Ming GAO Haoyu LI Liran ma Yuan GAO linwei ma Jianbin LUO State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Metallurgy Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China School of materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Over the past twenty years, thin film lubrication(TFL) theory has been used to characterize the molecular behaviors in lubrication films thinner than 100 nm, effectively bridging the gap between elastohydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication. Unfortunately, to date, the TFL molecular model proposed in 1996 has not been directly proven by experimental detection. Herein, a method based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was developed to show both the packing and orienting of liquid molecules in the TFL regime. By trapping liquid crystal molecules between a structured silver surface and a glass surface, molecular ordering states dominated by shear effect and surface effect were successfully distinguished. A nanosandwich structure consisting of an adsorbed layer, an ordered-molecule layer, and a fluid layer was demonstrated. Molecule imaging in TFL was achieved. Our results illustrate the molecular behaviors and lubrication mechanism in nanoconfined films and facilitate the lubrication design of nanoelectromechanical and microelectromechanical systems.

关键词： thin film lubrication molecular behaviors nematic liquid crystal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy lubrication theory nanosandwich structure

Slope Instability Analysis of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the Northern Part of the South China Sea:Implications for the Risk Evaluation of Deepwater Drilling

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第2期22卷 393-409页

作者： ma linwei WU Shiguo LIU Yanrui SUN Jin OUYANG Min LI Qingping QIN Yongpeng WANG Dawei Laboratory of marine Geophysics and Georesources Institute of Deep-Sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China CNOOC China Limited Zhanjiang BranchZhanjiang 524057China State Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Hydrate CNOOC Research Institute Company LimitedBeijing 100028China

The instability of continental slopes damages marine engineering equipment,such as submarine pipelines,resulting in the generation of tsunamis,which endangers the safety of nearshore ***,research on the instability of continental slopes where submarine landslides usually occur is crucial to the risk evaluation of deepwater *** studies were mainly based on simplified 2D and 3D models,which extend the 2D model applied on submarine slopes with complex *** this study,a numerical model with bathymetric data from the Qiongdongnan Basin was ***,3D slope stability analysis and static and dynamic analyses were *** static analysis found two discussions where slopes are most likely to *** the analysis of different seismic forces,the dynamic result showed that an instability area is added to the two positions where the static analysis is *** scatters and transmits seismic waves and controls the accumulation and diffusion of seismic energy.3D calculations and analysis revealed that the direction of slope instability is closely related to terrain inclination,slope,terrain effect,and terrain *** showed that instability situations could not be derived from a single direction or profile *** situations are an important factor in slope stability analysis and are critical to the prediction and evaluation of marine geological disasters.

关键词： South China Sea submarine landslide slope instability topography curvature topography slope granite

A layered multifunctional framework based on polyacrylonitrile and MOF derivatives for stable lithium metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 282-288,I0007页

作者： Fanfan Liu Peng Zuo Jing Li Pengcheng Shi Yu Shao linwei Chen Yihong Tan Tao ma Engineering Research Center of High-frequency Soft magnetic materials and Ceramic Powder materials of Anhui Province School of Chemistry and Material EngineeringChaohu UniversityHefei 238024AnhuiChina Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Pharmacy Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230012AnhuiChina School of materials and Energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Jiujiang DeFu Technology Co. Ltd.Jiujiang 332000JiangxiChina

Composite Li metal anodes based on three-dimensional(3D) porous frameworks have been considered as an effective material for achieving stable Li metal batteries with high energy ***,uneven Li deposition behavior still occurs at the top of 3D frameworks owing to the local accumulation of Li *** promote uniform Li deposition without top dendrite growth,herein,a layered multifunctional framework based on oxidation-treated polyacrylonitrile(OPAN) and metal-organic framework(MOF) derivatives was proposed for rationally regulating the distribution of Li ions flux,nucleation sites,and electrical *** from these merits,the OPAN/carbon nano fiber-MOF(CMOF) composite framework demonstrated a reversible Li plating/stripping behavior for 500 cycles with a stable Coulombic efficiency of around 99.0% at the current density of 2 ma/cm~***,such a Li composite anode exhibited a superior cycle lifespan of over 1300 h under a low polarized voltage of 18 mV in symmetrical *** the Li composite anode was paired with LiFePO_(4)(LFP) cathode,the obtained full cell exhibited a stable cycling over 500 ***,the COMSOL Multiphysics simulation was conducted to reveal the effects on homogeneous Li ions distribution derived from the above-mentioned OPAN/CMOF framework and electrical insulation/conduction *** electrochemical and simulated results shed light on the difficulties of designing stable and safe Li metal anode via optimizing the 3D frameworks.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Layered multifunctional framework Ions flux redistribution Electrical insulation/conduction structure Uniform Li deposition

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基于实体单元的板材渐进成形数值模拟分析

华中科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2008年第4期36卷 76-79,114页

作者：马琳伟莫健华华中科技大学材料成形及模具技术国家重点实验室湖北武汉430074

为研究渐进成形的成形机理及工艺参数对成形力的影响,应用三维实体单元对成形过程进行数值模拟分析和相应的实验研究.在解决数值模拟中运动轨迹加载等难点问题的基础上,合理简化有限元分析模型,提高数值模拟计算效率.采用坐标网格法实验... 详细信息

为研究渐进成形的成形机理及工艺参数对成形力的影响,应用三维实体单元对成形过程进行数值模拟分析和相应的实验研究.在解决数值模拟中运动轨迹加载等难点问题的基础上,合理简化有限元分析模型,提高数值模拟计算效率.采用坐标网格法实验,并通过检测板材厚度的变化,验证了模拟结果的准确性.通过对模拟和实验结果的研究分析,提出了一种不同于剪切变形的新的变形机理,即主要变形区的板材是平面内拉伸变形及局部反向弯曲变形的组合;对成形力的数值模拟正交实验表明层间距是成形力的主要影响因素,并且成形力随层间距的减小而减小.

关键词：金属板材渐进成形无模成形变形数值模拟有限元法

Flexible interdigitated layered framework with multiple accessible active sites for high-performance CH_(3)I capture

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1569-1577页

作者： Bo Tai Baoyu Li linwei He Zhonglin ma Shujing Lin Mingxing Zhang Junchang Chen Fuqi Wu Long Chen Xing Dai Fuyin ma Zhifang Chai Shuao Wang State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

The development of adsorbent materials for effective capture of radioactive iodomethane(CH_(3)I) from the off-gas of used nuclear fuel reprocessing, remains a significant and challenging line of research because currently state-of-art adsorbents still suffer from low binding affinity with CH_(3)I. Here, we proposed a brand-new adsorption topological structure by developing a 2D interdigitated layered framework, named SCU-20, featuring slide-like channel with multiple active sites for CH_(3)I capture. The responsive rotating-adaptive aperture of SCU-20 enables the optimal utilization of all active sites within the pore for highly selective recognition and capture of CH_(3)I. A record-breaking CH_(3)I uptake capacity of 1.84 g/g was achieved under static sorption conditions with saturated CH_(3)I vapor. Both experimental and theoretical findings demonstrated that the exceptional uptake of SCU-20 towards CH_(3)I can be attributed to the confined physical electrostatic adsorption of F sites, coupled with the chemical nitrogen methylation reaction with uncoordinated N atoms of pyrazine. Moreover, dynamic CH_(3)I uptake capacity potentially allows for the capture of CH_(3)I in simulated real-world off gas reprocessing conditions. This study highlights the potential of SCU-20 as a promising candidate for efficient capture of iodine species and contributes to the development of effective solutions for radioactive iodine remediation.

关键词： 2D interdigitated layered framework iodomethane dual-sites electrostatic interaction physisorption and chemisorption

2050年我国低碳能源系统的形态、特征描绘和敏感性分析

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第4期62卷 802-809页

作者：麻林巍袁园李政清华大学能源与动力工程系国家电力系统重点实验室北京100084

碳达峰、碳中和目标将加速我国能源系统的低碳转型。为促进全社会的协同行动,需要一个未来低碳能源系统的清晰、完整图景来提供前瞻性引导。而目前,未来低碳能源系统的形态、特征以及敏感性因素尚研究不足。该文发展了一套能源-物质流... 详细信息

碳达峰、碳中和目标将加速我国能源系统的低碳转型。为促进全社会的协同行动,需要一个未来低碳能源系统的清晰、完整图景来提供前瞻性引导。而目前,未来低碳能源系统的形态、特征以及敏感性因素尚研究不足。该文发展了一套能源-物质流耦合及敏感性分析方法,建立了2050年低碳能源系统的计量基础,描绘了其整体能源流向和二氧化碳排放源、汇的关系,并分析了其主要组成部分的结构和效率一旦发生变化对二氧化碳排放总量的影响。结果表明,未来低碳能源系统可能将呈现非化石能源为主的一次能源结构和发电结构以及高比例终端电力占比等基本形态,并可能具有电力部门负排放、工业部门排放最大等基本碳排放特征。该系统的碳排放总量对工业部门的电力占比和化石能源发电的效率变化最为敏感,其次是风电占比提高、更多煤电安装碳捕获和封存(carbon capture and sequestration, CCS)及化石能源发电的余热利用等。为此,该文建议严格控制化石能源的终端直接利用,加速电力部门低碳进程,加强探索难减排部门的低碳路径和非化石非电利用,以及大力建设智慧能源系统来保障多能互补。

关键词：低碳能源系统能源消费二氧化碳排放能源物质流耦合分析敏感性分析

组合式系泊定位下双平台联合运动模型试验研究

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中国造船 2023年第2期64卷 276-290页

作者：霍发力马林威赵银芝朱晨阳江苏科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院镇江212003

针对两个不同功能平台联合作业的新型工作模式设计了一套新型组合式系泊系统,通过物理模型试验方法,对双平台联合作业下平台水动力特性进行分析,并与双平台独立系泊定位进行对比,结果表明该系泊系统下的双平台运动响应相对较小,锚链张... 详细信息

针对两个不同功能平台联合作业的新型工作模式设计了一套新型组合式系泊系统,通过物理模型试验方法,对双平台联合作业下平台水动力特性进行分析,并与双平台独立系泊定位进行对比,结果表明该系泊系统下的双平台运动响应相对较小,锚链张力减小,联动性好,双平台联合作业适用性更佳。同时研究了该系泊系统在不同波高和波浪周期下的水动力特性,在此基础上对该系泊系统设计参数进行优化,获得了一套比独立式系泊系统经济性好、联动性好的双平台联合作业新型组合式系泊系统,为深海多平台联合作业设计提供理论支持。

关键词：组合式系泊双平台联合作业模型试验运动响应锚链张力

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我国生物质经济发展战略研究

中国工程科学 2021年第1期23卷 133-140页

作者：田宜水单明孔庚麻林巍邵思农业农村部规划设计研究院农村能源与环保研究所北京100125 清华大学建筑学院北京100084 清华大学能源与动力工程系北京100084

发展生物质经济有利于促进经济增长和农村发展,减少化石能源消耗,改善生态环境,发展潜力巨大,但其发展仍面临诸多挑战。本文在对我国生物质资源进行总量分析的基础上,评价了生物质产业的发展现状与趋势,提出了生物质经济发展的战略目标... 详细信息

发展生物质经济有利于促进经济增长和农村发展,减少化石能源消耗,改善生态环境,发展潜力巨大,但其发展仍面临诸多挑战。本文在对我国生物质资源进行总量分析的基础上,评价了生物质产业的发展现状与趋势,提出了生物质经济发展的战略目标、发展重点、技术路线图和对策建议。研究认为,我国生物质能资源丰富,生物质成型燃料、规模化沼气工程、发电和热电联产等技术相对成熟,已呈现出规模化发展的良好势头,是今后一段时期的主要利用方式。我国生物质经济的发展思路为以县级区域为单元,立足区域资源禀赋、经济发展水平和产业发展需求,明确面向2025年、2035年和2050年的发展目标,逐步实现生物质经济发展从发展成熟阶段、机制体系创新阶段到规模替代阶段的跃升。本文从技术研发、激励政策、市场培育和资金投入等方面提出了推进我国生物质经济发展的对策建议。

关键词：生物质经济生物质能生物基产品技术路线图