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A Normalizing Flow-Based Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network for Unsupervised Defect Detection

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1631-1648页

作者： Lanyao zhang Shichao Kan Yigang Cen Xiaoling Chen linna zhang Yansen Huang School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China College of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Guizhou Lianjian Civil Engineering Quality Inspection Monitoring Center Co. Ltd.Guiyang550025China

Unsupervised methods based on density representation have shown their abilities in anomaly detection,but detection performance still needs to be improved.Specifically,approaches using normalizing flows can accurately evaluate sample distributions,mapping normal features to the normal distribution and anomalous features outside it.Consequently,this paper proposes a Normalizing Flow-based Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network(NF-BMR).It utilizes pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and normalizing flows to construct discriminative source and target domain feature spaces.Additionally,to better learn feature information in both domain spaces,we propose the Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network(BMR),which maps sample features to these two spaces for anomaly detection.The two detection spaces effectively complement each other’s deficiencies and provide a comprehensive feature evaluation from two perspectives,which leads to the improvement of detection performance.Comparative experimental results on the MVTec AD and DAGM datasets against the Bidirectional Pre-trained Feature Mapping Network(B-PFM)and other state-of-the-art methods demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior performance.On the MVTec AD dataset,NF-BMR achieves an average AUROC of 98.7%for all 15 categories.Especially,it achieves 100%optimal detection performance in five categories.On the DAGM dataset,the average AUROC across ten categories is 98.7%,which is very close to supervised methods.

关键词： Anomaly detection normalizing flow source domain feature space target domain feature space bidirectional mapping residual network

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Paleontology Knowledge Graph for Data-Driven Discovery

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1024-1034页

作者： Yiying Deng Sicun Song Junxuan Fan Mao Luo Le Yao Shaochun Dong Yukun Shi linna zhang Yue Wang Haipeng Xu Huiqing Xu Yingying Zhao Zhaohui Pan zhangshuai Hou Xiaoming Li Boheng Shen Xinran Chen Shuhan zhang Xuejin Wu Lida Xing Qingqing Liang Enze Wang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Centre for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

A knowledge graph(KG)is a knowledge base that integrates and represents data based on a graph-structured data model or topology.Geoscientists have made efforts to construct geosciencerelated KGs to overcome semantic heterogeneity and facilitate knowledge representation,data integration,and text analysis.However,there is currently no comprehensive paleontology KG or data-driven discovery based on it.In this study,we constructed a two-layer model to represent the ordinal hierarchical structure of the paleontology KG following a top-down construction process.An ontology containing 19365 concepts has been defined up to 2023.On this basis,we derived the synonymy list based on the paleontology KG and designed corresponding online functions in the OneStratigraphy database to showcase the use of the KG in paleontological research.

关键词： paleontology knowledge graph ontology synonymy list OneStratigraphy big data ge-ology.

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Heavy Precipitation over the Jing–Jin–Ji Region in Early October: What Controls Its Interannual Variability?

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第4期36卷 586-600页

作者： Jing FENG Tim LI Ji WANG linna zhang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate andEnvironmental Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC–FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Beijing Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822USA Beijing Municipal Climate Center Beijing 100089China Beijing Meteorological Observatory Beijing 100089China

Heavy regional precipitation(HRP)over Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei Province(the Jing–Jin–Ji region or JJJ)in early October(1–10 October)is a high-impact climate event because of travel and outdoor activities by exceptionally large population during the Chinese National Day Holidays(CNDH).What causes the year-to-year variation of the HRP during early October is investigated through an observational analysis.It is found that the HRP arises from moisture transport by southerly anomalies to the west of an anomalous low-level anticyclone over the subtropical northwestern Pacific(SNWP).Sensitivity numerical experiments reveal that the low-level anticyclonic anomaly is caused by a dipole heating pattern over tropical western and central Pacific associated with a La Niña-like SST anomaly(SSTA)pattern in the Pacific and by a negative heating anomaly over North Europe.The latter connects the SNWP anticyclone through a Rossby wave train.Anomalous ascent associated with a positive heating anomaly over the tropical western Pacific may strengthen the local Hadley Cell,contributing to maintenance of the low-level anomalous anticyclone over SNWP and extending westwards of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).Therefore,both the tropical Pacific and midlatitude heating signals over North Europe may be potential predictors for HRP forecast in the JJJ region in early October.

关键词： heavy regional precipitation(HRP)in Jing–Jin–Ji(JJJ) Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Province water vapor(WV)transport Rossby wave train diabatic heating anomalies La Niña-like SST anomaly

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Paleobiogeographic Knowledge Graph:An Ongoing Work with Fundamental Support for Future Research

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地球科学学刊:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1339-1349页

作者： linna zhang zhangshuai Hou Boheng Shen Qing Chen Shaochun Dong Junxuan Fan State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PalaeoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Paleobiogeography investigates geographical distributions of fossil organisms and controlling factors that affect their distributions in geological history,to reveal the macro-evolution and coordinated development of life and the environment.It is a crucial window for understanding the biosphere and the geographical environment.After two centuries of development,paleobiogeographic studies have led to the accumulation of significant amounts of knowledge and data;however,the voluminous outputs present the characteristics of an“isolated island”with a scattered,limited number of authoritative definitions of terminologies and semantic heterogeneity among them.This makes data queries cumbersome,the rate of data reuse low,and data sharing more difficult.A knowledge graph(KG)has the advantage of expressing concepts and their semantic relations,which is an important tool for achieving data organization and fusion,and data mining;further,it is also a key technology for realizing the unrestricted sharing of paleobiogeographic information.Through our efforts over the past two years,a paleobiogeographic KG was developed based on the established construction procedure of the KG,which contains 273 concepts,172 properties,and 47 rules.Meanwhile,the completion of this KG and the construction of a paleobiogeographic platform for display and analysis are now being carried out.

关键词： biogeographic unit knowledge base artificial intelligence paleobiogeographic platform knowledge inference knowledge graph

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核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设备鉴定研究

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化学工程 2024年第5期52卷 91-94页

作者：张晨张琳娜陈琳中国核电工程有限公司北京100840

对核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设备鉴定进行介绍,对设备鉴定适用的标准体系进行分析。首先从主体标准、配套标准、通用标准3个层次对设备鉴定适用标准进行分析。后续基于核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设计及设备设计的特殊性,整合不同堆型电... 详细信息

对核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设备鉴定进行介绍,对设备鉴定适用的标准体系进行分析。首先从主体标准、配套标准、通用标准3个层次对设备鉴定适用标准进行分析。后续基于核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设计及设备设计的特殊性,整合不同堆型电厂需求并进行融合,同时结合实际的核动力厂工程经验和研究成果,提出核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设备鉴定要求。主要包括一般性能鉴定要求、特殊鉴定要求及非标设备鉴定要求。在一般性能鉴定试验通过后,进行特殊鉴定试验,在特殊鉴定试验后进行抗震鉴定、耐压试验等偏重机械安装结构的鉴定试验以及软件鉴定试验,最后开展火灾自动报警系统非标设备鉴定试验。通过实现鉴定程序和准则的标准化,提升我国核动力火灾自动报警系统设备的成熟性和先进性,从而提高核动力厂整体防火安全性。

关键词：核动力厂火灾自动报警系统设备鉴定鉴定要求

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Paleogeographic evolution of the Lower Yangtze region and the break of the “platform-slope-basin” pattern during the Late Ordovician

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第5期61卷 625-636页

作者： Qing CHEN Junxuan FAN linna zhang Xu CHEN CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Wide distribution of the black shales and diversification of the graptolite fauna in South China during the Late Ordovician resulted from its unique paleogeographic pattern, which was significantly affected by the paleogeographic evolution of the Lower Yangtze region. In the study, 120 Upper Ordovician sections from the Lower Yangtze region were collected, and a unified biostratigraphic framework has been applied to these sections to establish a reliable stratigraphic subdivision and correlation. Under the unified time framework, we delineate the distribution area of each lithostratigraphic unit, outline the boundary between the sea and land, and reconstruct the paleogeographic pattern for each graptolite zone. The result indicates that, with the uplift and expansion of the ‘Jiangnan Oldland' in the beginning of the late Katian, the oldland extended into the Yangtze Sea gradually from south to north, which finally separate the Jiangnan Slope and the Yangtze Platform. Consequently,the longstanding paleogeographic pattern of "platform-slope-basin" in South China was broken. The paleogeographic change led to sedimentary differentiation among the two sides of the ‘Jiangnan Oldland' during the Late Ordovician. This event also led to the closure of the eastern exit of the Upper Yangtze Sea, and formed a semi-closed, limited and stagnant environment for the development of the organic-rich black shales during the Late Ordovician. The major controlling factors of these paleogeographic changes in the Lower Yangtze region were not consistent from the Katian to the Hirnantian. In the late Katian, the sedimentary differentiation between the east and west sides mostly resulted from regional tectonic movement-the Kwangsian Orogeny.However, during the Hirnantian, the whole Yangtze region became shallower, which was mostly influenced by the concentration of the Gondwana ice sheet and the consequent global sea level drop.

关键词：奥陶纪进化裂缝岩石层位学控制因素构造运动黑页岩沉积区

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Potential Deformation and Its Application to the Diagnosis of Heavy Precipitation in Mesoscale Convective Systems

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第7期34卷 894-908页

作者： Na LI Lingkun RAN linna zhang Shouting GAO Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences BeOing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing 100089 China

Many observational studies have shown that deformation, like vertical vorticity and divergence, is closely related to the occurrence and distribution of strong precipitation. In this paper, to involve deformation in precipitation diagnosis, a new parameter called potential deformation（PD） is derived and then applied to precipitation detection within a simulated mesoscale convective system（MCS）. It is shown that PD includes both stretching deformation and shearing deformation and shares similar characteristics with deformation insofar as it does not change with the rotating coordinate. Diagnosis of the simulated MCS reveals that PD performs well in tracing the MCS＇ precipitation. In terms of their distributional pattern, the large-value areas of PD are similar to the precipitation in the different development stages of the MCS. A detailed analysis of the physical processes contained within the PD shows that it can reflect the three-dimensional moisture variation,vertical wind shear and wind deformation within the MCS. These structures are usually a comprehensive reflection of the characteristics of the surface cold pool, rear inflow jet, downward cold air flow and upward warm moist flow within the precipitating convective cells. For this reason, the PD shows much stronger anomalies in the precipitating atmosphere than the non-precipitating atmosphere, which implies considerable potential for its application in detecting heavy precipitation within MCSs.

关键词： Precipitation convective vorticity moisture divergence mesoscale observational stretching downward coordinate

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Circumjacent distribution pattern of the Lungmachian graptolitic black shale(early Silurian) on the Yichang Uplift and its peripheral region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第9期61卷 1195-1203页

作者： Xu CHEN Qing CHEN Yongyi ZHEN Hongyan WANG linna zhang Junpeng zhang Wenhui WANG Zhaohui XIAO CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Academician Studio Zhejiang Nuclear Industry Geological Survey Team Geological Survey of New South Wales W.B.Clarke Geoscience Centre Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South University Huadian Central China Green Energy Co. LTD

Stratigraphic hiatuses of variable time intervals within the Rhuddanian to early Aeronian(Llandovery, Silurian) are identified in the area bordering East Chongqing, West Hubei and Northwest Hunan in central China. Their distribution suggested the existence of a local uplift, traditionally named the Yichang Uplift. The diachronous nature of the basal black shale of the Lungmachi Formation crossing different belts of this Uplift signifies the various developing stages during the uplifting process.The present paper defines the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of the Yichang Uplift, which might be one of the important controlling factors for the preservation and distribution of the shale gas in this region, as it has been demonstrated that the shale gas exploration is generally less promising in the areas where more of the basal part of the Lungmachi Formation is missing.Therefore, better understanding of the circumjacent distribution pattern developed throughout the uplifting process may provide the important guidance for the shale gas exploration. The present work is a sister study to the published paper, "Stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachian black graplolitic shales from Guizhou to Chongqing, Central China". These two studies thus provide a complete Ordovician-Silurian black shale distribution pattern in the Middle and Upper Yangtze, a region with the major shale gas fields in China.

关键词：分发模式黑页岩志留纪外部区域时间间隔十字路口控制因素过程开发

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瑞马唑仑降低胸腔镜下胸外科手术气管插管所致应激反应的应用研究

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药品评价 2024年第1期21卷 52-55页

作者：张琳娜新乡市中心医院河南新乡453000

目的观察瑞马唑仑对降低胸外科手术气管插管所致应激反应的应用效果。方法前瞻性研究。纳入105例行胸外科手术治疗的患者,采用计算机随机数字表法对入组患者进行分组,分别列为常规组(52例)和试验组(53例),所有患者均接受胸腔镜下胸外科... 详细信息

目的观察瑞马唑仑对降低胸外科手术气管插管所致应激反应的应用效果。方法前瞻性研究。纳入105例行胸外科手术治疗的患者,采用计算机随机数字表法对入组患者进行分组,分别列为常规组(52例)和试验组(53例),所有患者均接受胸腔镜下胸外科手术治疗,常规组术中予以常规全身麻醉,试验组采用瑞马唑仑辅助全身麻醉,比较两组患者麻醉效果及麻醉安全性。结果在不同麻醉方案下,试验组气管插管时(T2)、插管后10 min时(T3)的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)均低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组的Ramsay镇静评分(RASS)低于常规组;试验组T2、T3时的去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(Cor)均低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论瑞马唑仑辅助全身麻醉能有效维持胸腔镜下胸外科手术患者围手术期体征稳定,对改善患者苏醒质量、减轻气管插管所致应激反应均有积极意义,且此药安全性较高,未明显增加麻醉相关不良反应发生风险。

关键词：瑞马唑仑胸腔镜检查麻醉,静脉气管插管应激反应麻醉安全性

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芪苈强心胶囊联合呋塞米、低剂量多巴胺治疗慢性心力衰竭的效果及对miR-150、miR-1254表达的影响

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临床医学研究与实践 2024年第2期9卷 121-125页

作者：张琳娜孙涛西安市临潼区中医院陕西西安710600 西安市临潼区人民医院陕西西安710600

目的探讨芪苈强心胶囊联合呋塞米、低剂量多巴胺治疗慢性心力衰竭的效果。方法选择2019年10月至2022年6月收治的300例慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各150例。对照组给予呋塞米+低剂量多巴胺治... 详细信息

目的探讨芪苈强心胶囊联合呋塞米、低剂量多巴胺治疗慢性心力衰竭的效果。方法选择2019年10月至2022年6月收治的300例慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各150例。对照组给予呋塞米+低剂量多巴胺治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加芪苈强心胶囊治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(c TnⅠ)、N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)水平低于对照组,6 min步行距离长于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽(PⅠCP)、Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽(PⅢNP)、Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(ⅠCTP)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的miR-150、miR-1254表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论芪苈强心胶囊联合呋塞米、低剂量多巴胺治疗慢性心力衰竭的效果满意,可降低心肌标志物表达,提高患者运动耐量,也可控制心肌纤维化程度,调节miR-150、miR-1254表达,值得推广。

关键词：芪苈强心胶囊呋塞米低剂量多巴胺慢性心力衰竭心肌纤维化

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