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Wave-activity relation containing wave-basic flow interaction based on decomposition of general potential vorticity

Chinese Physics B 2021年第4期30卷 648-657页

作者： Na Li ling-kun ran Bao-Feng Jiao Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

On the basis of the general potential vorticity theorem(GPV),a new wave-activity relation is derived in an ageostrophic and nonhydrostatic dynamic *** the Reynolds average is taken,the wave-activity relation shares an exchange term with the equation of the basic-state ***,the two equations are capable of presenting the dynamic process of the wave-basic flow *** the E-P flux theory which can only be used in large-scale atmosphere,the corresponding derivation provides a useful tool to analyze the feedback of waves to basic states and the forcing of basic states to waves simultaneously,and it can be used in mesoscale systems,such as heavy rainfall *** theory was initially applied to the landfalling Typhoon Mujigae(2015) by assigning the scalar φ to the generalized potential temperature(GPT).The results showed that the newly-derived wave-activity density is able to describe the wave activities associated with strong precipitation in Typhoon Mujigae(2015),including the eyewall and spiral ***,the interaction between the basic-state vortex and mesoscale waves denoted by the exchange term between basic-state GPV and wave-activity density mainly occurs in the eyewall in Typhoon Mujigae(2015).A comparison of the exchange term with other forcing terms in the newly-derived wave-activity relation indicates that the basic state-wave interaction plays a significant role in enhancing wave activities in the high-precipitation *** a magnitude analysis of the interaction term,it is found that the strong interaction between basic-state vortex and mesoscale waves is mainly attributed to two factors:the vertical vorticity intensity of the basic-state vortex and the averaged perturbation advection of perturbation GPT which is an exchange between the basic-state GPT and perturbation GPT.

关键词： wave-activity density basic state-wave interaction wave-activity relation

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Simulation of a torrential rainstorm in Xinjiang and gravity wave analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第5期27卷 573-580页

作者： Rui Yang Yi Liu ling-kun ran Yu-Li Zhang Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

We used a weather research and forecasting model to simulate a torrential rainstorm that occurred in Xinjiang,China during June 16–17,*** model successfully simulated the rainfall area,precipitation intensity,and changes in *** identified a clear wave signal using the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform method;the waves propagated westwards,with wavelengths of 45–20 km,periods of 50–120 min,and phase velocities mainly concentrated in the-25 m/s to-10 m/s *** results of wavelet cross-spectral analysis further confirmed that the waves were gravity waves,peaking at 11:00 UTC,June 17,*** gravity wave signal was identified along 79.17–79.93°E,81.35–81.45°E and 81.5–81.83°*** gravity waves detected along 81.5–81.83°E corresponded well with precipitation that accumulated in 1 h,indicating that gravity waves could be considered a rainstorm precursor in future precipitation forecasts.

关键词： gravity wave rainstorm spectral analysis methods weather research and forecasting model

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Recent Strategies and Advances in Hydrogel-Based Delivery Platforms for Bone Regeneration

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-51页

作者： Wang, Xiao Zeng, Jia Gan, Donglin ling, kun He, Mingfang Li, Jianshu Lu, Yongping Guangyuan Cent Hosp Sci & Technol Innovat Ctr Biomed Mat & Clin Res Guangyuan Key Lab Multifunct Med Hydrogel Guangyuan 628000 Peoples R China Nanjing Normal Univ Jiangsu Collaborat Innovat Ctr Biomed Funct Mat Sch Chem & Mat Sci Jiangsu Key Lab Biofunct Mat Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Coll Polymer Sci & Engn State Key Lab Polymer Mat Engn Chengdu 610065 Peoples R China

Recent advances in the combined delivery platform that integrate nano-/microscale carriers and with 3D hydrogel network for bone regeneration are *** strategies for bioactive molecules delivery involving nanoparticles, nanosheets, and microspheres, along with extra stimuli such as near-infrared light, temperature changes, ultrasonication, and inflammatory conditions, are *** prospects and challenges for the clinical translation and the development of nano-/microscale incorporated hydrogel-based delivery platform are discussed. Bioactive molecules have shown great promise for effectively regulating various bone formation processes, rendering them attractive therapeutics for bone regeneration. However, the widespread application of bioactive molecules is limited by their low accumulation and short half-lives in vivo. Hydrogels have emerged as ideal carriers to address these challenges, offering the potential to prolong retention times at lesion sites, extend half-lives in vivo and mitigate side effects, avoid burst release, and promote adsorption under physiological conditions. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in the development of bioactive molecule-loaded hydrogels for bone regeneration, encompassing applications in cranial defect repair, femoral defect repair, periodontal bone regeneration, and bone regeneration with underlying diseases. Additionally, this review discusses the current strategies aimed at improving the release profiles of bioactive molecules through stimuli-responsive delivery, carrier-assisted delivery, and sequential delivery. Finally, this review elucidates the existing challenges and future directions of hydrogel encapsulated bioactive molecules in the field of bone regeneration.

关键词： Hydrogel Bone regeneration Bioactive molecules Drug delivery Nano-/microscale carriers

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Micro-strain regulation strategy to stabilize perovskite lattice based on the categories and impact of strain on perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 578-604页

作者： Caixia Li Wenwu Liu Shiji Da lingbin Kong Fen ran State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon *** efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special *** present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are ***, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and ***, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.

关键词： Halide perovskite solar cells Strain origins Strain effects Strain management

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Copper-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization enabled by programmed alternating current

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 10-11页

作者： Zhoumei Tan kun Xu Chengchu Zeng Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology College of Chemistry and Life Science Beijing University of Technology

Synthetic electrochemistry has been selected as one of the Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry in 2023 by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)[1]. It has emerged as a sustainable platform for organic synthesis and has exhibited a wide range of applications from academia to industry [2]. However, electrosynthesis has been predominantly performed by using direct current (DC).

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Molecular mechanism and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of prostate cancer

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第1期10卷 62-72页

作者： Hai-Luo Wang Ruo-ran Zhang Hao Wang Peng Xu Jing-Kai Wang Bo Chen Hao Xu Deng Pan Yu-Yang Ma kun Pang Department of Urology Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical CollegeXuzhou 221009China Graduate School Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Graduate School Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233040China Department of Urology The Peixian People’s HospitalXuzhou 221699China.

Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male genitourinary system,ranking second in incidence *** Chinese medicine(TCM),as an important component of complementary and alternative medicine,shows unique advantages in cancer *** herbal medicine is usually composed of multiple ingredients and involves multiple signaling pathways,which showed function of inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,arresting the cell cycle,inhibiting invasion and metastasis,reducing drug resistance,and regulating immune *** therapy is also an important treatment of ***,Physical therapy such as acupuncture or Tai Chi and Qigong are gaining increased recognition in the management of PCa,particularly in addressing issues like urinary incontinence and bone metastasis-related *** article reviews the TCM treatment and therapy of PCa,in order to provide new research avenues and treatment options for the treatment of PCa with TCM and improve the quality of life of patients.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine prostate cancer Chinese herbal medicine physical therapy

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The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 402-415页

作者： Xiaorong Zhang Zhiying Chen Yinyi Xiong Qin Zhou ling-Qiang Zhu Dan Liu Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center JiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies Jiujiang UniversityJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

With an increase in global aging,the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing,and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic ***,few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia *** in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders,synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive *** oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous ***,nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular *** review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular ***,we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum stress endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy nitric oxide NO-sGC-cGMP pathway synaptic dysfunction vascular dementia

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Diagnosis of deformation-derived ascending areas in a rainband

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2018年第4期11卷 300-306页

作者： LI Na ran ling-kun GAO Shou-Ting Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province SichuanChina

This paper demonstrates that,for a moist baroclinic frontal system,the large-value deformation belt in the low-level atmosphere overlaps with *** precisely describe the relationship between deformation and heavy precipitation,deformation is introduced into the nongeostrophic Q^#-vector.Q^#is then decomposed into three parts:the divergence-related term,the vorticity-related term,and the deformation-related *** calculating the divergence of Q#and its components,it is found that in strong ascending areas within precipitation regions the nongeostrophic Q^#-vector divergence shows strong negative *** deformational component can contribute about 68%to these negative *** verifies that strong deformation in a precipitating atmosphere is favorable for the development of convection and *** addition,by calculating the correlation coefficients between the Q^#-vector(including its components)divergence and vertical motions,it is also found that the Q^#-vector divergence shows higher correlation with vertical motion within the precipitation belt and lower correlation in the non-precipitation areas,which indicates a larger contribution of Q^#to vertical motion when precipitation occurs and implies an effect of Q^#to the precipitation distribution or spatial *** the three components of the Q^#-vector,the correlation coefficients between the deformational component and vertical motion are the most similar in pattern to that of the correlation coefficients between the Q#-vector and vertical motion,which further reflects the important contribution of deformation to the large spatial variability of precipitation.

关键词： Deformation Q-vector precipitation ascending motion

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Influence of Mass and Radius of Ice Crystals on Hydrometeors,Internal Energy,and Kinetic Energy:A Numeric Model Study

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第1期7卷 49-55页

作者： ran ling-kun QI Yan-Bin LI Na Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Jilin Weather Modification Office University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Two cloud-scale experiments with two different ice-phase schemes were carried out for a precipitation event that occurred in eastern China in *** results were analyzed to examine the influences of the change of ice-particle mass and radius on hydrometeors,internal energy,and kinetic energy,as well as the primary factors *** was found that the ice content increases notably and the snow content decreases due to the *** is the consequence of the modulation of cloud microphysical *** particular,the Bergeron process and the accretion of snow and cloud ice are markedly *** differences of internal energy and kinetic energy between the two experiments are caused by adjustments to pressure-flux divergence,the coupling of temperature and divergence,and gravitational work,and the reason is that these three factors result in differences of local changes of internal and kinetic energy.

关键词： mass and radius of ice crystals cloud hydrometeors internal energy kinetic energy

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Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： Shan Ping Yu Emily Choi Michael QJiang ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

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