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Safety and success of precut biliary sphincterotomy: Is it linked to experience or expertise?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2183-2186页

作者： lindsay S Robison Shyam Varadarajulu C Mel Wilcox Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pancreaticobiliary Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama

AIM： To determine the rates of success and complications of precut biliary sphincterotomy （PBS） based on prior experience and to compare the complication rates between PBS and standard endoscopic sphincterotomy （ES）. METHODS： A retrospective evaluation of prospectively collected non-randomized data at an academic tertiary referral center, The study included all patients in an eight-year period who underwent PBS and ES by a single endoscopist who had no formal training in PBS. The main outcorne measures of the study were success and complications of PBS with a comparison to complications of ES.RESULTS： A total of 2939 endoscopic retrograde chola ngiopancreatographies （ERCPs） were performed during the study period, including 818 （28%） ES and 150 （5%） PBS procedures. Selective biliary cannulation via PBS was successful at the first attempt in 75% of the patients. Cannulation was achieved in an additional 13% of the patients at a subsequent attempt （total 87%）. Complication rate from PBS was 45% higher than ES, but did not differ significantly [7% （10/50） vs 5% （38/818）, P = 0.29]. None of the complications from PBS was severe. A significant trend towards increasing success existed with regard to the endoscopist＇s first attempt at precut （P = 0.0393, Cochran-Armitage exact test for trend, Z = -1.7588）. CONCLUSION： Despite the lack of specific training in this technique, PBS was performed with a high success rate and a complication rate similar to or less than reports from other experienced centers. These results suggest that endoscopic experience and perhaps innate endoscopic skill may play an important role in the outcome of this procedure.

关键词： Biliary sphincterotomy Precut sphincterotomy Complication rate Endoscopic skill

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Human-Animal Interactions in Disaster Settings:A Systematic Review

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 369-381页

作者： Haorui Wu lindsay K.Heyland Mandy Yung Maryam Schneider School of Social Work Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Department of Psychology Mount Saint Vincent UniversityHalifaxNSB3M2J6Canada

This systematic review aimed to assess the current knowledge of human-animal interactions(HAIs)in disaster settings and identify areas for future research.A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses search was conducted on three multidisciplinary databases,identifying English-language journal articles published between January 2000and February 2022 that explored the benefits of and challenges associated with HAI in disasters and *** review analyzed 94 articles using both quantitative and qualitative *** review found a paucity of universal terminology to describe the bidirectional relationship between humans and animals during disasters and a failure to include all animal types in every stage of disaster and emergency ***,research predominantly focused on the health and well-being benefits of HAI for humans rather than *** to promote social and environmental justice for humans and their co-inhabitants should support the welfare of both humans and animals in disaster *** recommendations were developed based on these findings to increase the inclusion of HAI in research,policy,and *** of the review included the exclusion of pre-2000 articles and all grey literature,limited research examining different combinations of animal and disaster types,and limited research outside of North America.

关键词： Emergency management Hazards and disaster research Human-animal bonds Human-animal interactions Human-animal welfare Inclusive Literature review

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Unveiling T cell evasion mechanisms to immune checkpoint inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第3期6卷 674-687页

作者： lindsay Gurska Kira Gritsman Department of Cell Biology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461USA Department of Medical Oncology Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461USA

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous and aggressive hematologic malignancy that is associated with a high relapse rate and poor prognosis. Despite advances in immunotherapies in solid tumors and other hematologic malignancies, AML has been particularly difficult to treat with immunotherapies, as their efficacy is limited by the ability of leukemic cells to evade T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss the common mechanisms of T cell evasion in AML: (1) increased expression of immune checkpoint molecules;(2) downregulation of antigen presentation molecules;(3) induction of T cell exhaustion;and (4) creation of an immunosuppressive environment through the increased frequency of regulatory T cells. We also review the clinical investigation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in AML. We discuss the limitations of ICIs, particularly in the context of T cell evasion mechanisms in AML, and we describe emerging strategies to overcome T cell evasion, including combination therapies. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future directions of immunotherapy research in AML, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between AML cells and the immune system.

关键词： Acute myeloid leukemia T cells immune checkpoint immune evasion

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新兴技术在MRO中的发展将远超人工智能技术的应用

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航空维修与工程 2024年第1期 25-25页

作者： lindsay Bjerregaard 赵平(译) 不详

1氢能和电能推进系统随着航空业可持续发展期限的临近,氢能和电能推进系统的发展备受航空业的关注。ZeroAvia、MagniX和Universal Hydrogen等电动和氢能推进系统制造商正与克莱菲尔德大学(Cranfield University)和AeroTEC等伙伴开展技... 详细信息

1氢能和电能推进系统随着航空业可持续发展期限的临近,氢能和电能推进系统的发展备受航空业的关注。ZeroAvia、MagniX和Universal Hydrogen等电动和氢能推进系统制造商正与克莱菲尔德大学(Cranfield University)和AeroTEC等伙伴开展技术合作,共同推广和研发氢能和电能推进系统应于飞机的改装方案。

关键词：人工智能系统制造商氢能可持续发展航空业新兴技术技术的应用改装方案

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DEM Fusion using a modified k-means clustering algorithm

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第12期9卷 1242-1255页

作者： Colleen E.Fuss Aaron A.Berg John B.lindsay Department of Geography University of GuelphGuelphCanada

Digital elevation models(DEMs)are a necessary dataset for modelling the Earth’s surface;however,all DEMs contain *** can reduce this error using DEM fusion techniques since numerous DEMs can be available for a ***,the use of a clustering algorithm in DEM fusion has not been previously *** this study a new DEM fusion algorithm based on a clustering approach that works on multiple DEMs to exploit consistency in the estimates as indicators of accuracy and precision is *** fusion approach includes slope and elevation thresholding,k-means clustering of the elevation estimates at each cell location,as well as filtering and smoothing of the fusion *** of the input DEMs,and the products of each step of the fusion algorithm,with a higher accuracy reference DEM enabled a detailed analysis of the effectiveness of the DEM fusion *** main findings of the research were:the k-means clustering of the elevations reduced the precision which also impacted the overall accuracy of the estimates;the number of final cluster members and the standard deviation of elevations before clustering both had a strong relationship to the error in the k-means estimates.

关键词： DEM fusion k-means clustering DEM error

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Aflibercept for diabetic macular oedema： a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第6期11卷 1002-1008页

作者： Chu Luan Nguyen Andrew lindsay Eugene Wong Michael Chilov University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2000 Australia

AIM： To evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of aflibercept for treatment of diabetic macular oedema （DMO）. METHODS： A comprehensive search in MEDLINE, CENTRAL and EMBASE was undertaken for randomized controlled trials （RCTs） comparing intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor （anti-VEGF） versus another treatment. Primary outcome measures were proportion of patients with at least 15 letters of gain or loss on a logMAR visual acuity chart, and change in best corrected visual acuity （BCVA） and central macular thickness （CMT） from baseline. Safety outcomes were rates of death, thromboembolic events and any systemic or ocular serious adverse events. The final search was performed on November 2017. RESULTS： Four RCTs were included. Only one trial compared efficacy and safety of aflibercept with bevacizumab and ranibizumab over 1 or 2y. Three trials were included for Meta-analysis comprising 661 patients （331 in the aflibercept, and 330 in the photocoagulation group）. Aflibercept was more efficacious compared to photocoagulation in the proportion of patients with at least 15 letters of improvement and worsening, and in improvement of BCVA and reduction in CMT at 1 or 2y. The safety estimates at 1 or 2y did not differ statistically. CONCLUSION： Aflibercept offers superior benefits over photocoagulation in improving and preserving vision, with no differences in safety. Further comparative effectiveness trials between aflibercept and other anti-VEGF agents will aid ophthalmologists in treatment decisions.

关键词： aflibercept diabetic macular oedema Metaanalysis randomized controlled trial

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Association between high deductible health plan coverage and age at pediatric umbilical hernia repair

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 70-76页

作者： Morgan E Doty lindsay A Gil Jennifer N Cooper The Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Department of Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of Pediatrics Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA

Background High deductible health plans(HDHPs)are associated with the avoidance of both necessary and unnecessary *** hernia repair(UHR)is a procedure that is frequently unnecessarily performed in young children,contrary to best practice *** hypothesized that children with HDHPs,as compared with other types of commercial health plans,are less likely to undergo UHR before 4 years of age but are also more likely to have UHR delayed beyond 5 years of *** Children aged 0-18 years old residing in metropolitan statistical areas(MSAs)who underwent UHR in 2012-2019 were identified in the IBM Marketscan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database.A quasi-experimental study design using MSA/year-level HDHP prevalence among children as an instrumental variable was employed to account for selection bias in HDHP ***-stage least squares regression modeling was used to evaluate the association between HDHP coverage and age at *** A total of 8601 children were included(median age 5 years,IQR 3-7).Univariable analysis revealed no differences between the HDHP and non-HDHP groups in the likelihood of UHR being performed before 4 years of age(27.7%vs 28.7%,p=0.37)or after 5 years of age(39.8%vs 38.9%,p=0.52).Geographical region,metropolitan area size,and year were associated with HDHP *** variable analysis demonstrated no association between HDHP coverage and undergoing UHR at5 years of age(p=0.87).Conclusions HDHP coverage is not associated with age at pediatric *** studies should investigate other means by which UHRs in young children can be avoided.

关键词： pediatric hernia likely

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Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2631-2638页

作者： G lindsay McCrea Christine Miaskowski Nancy A Stotts Liz Macera Madhulika G Varma Departments of Physiological Nursing University of California Department of Surgery University of California

This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes.

关键词： Constipation Mechanisms Functional consti-pation, Dysmotility, Older adults Pelvic floor dysfunction,Gastrointestinal tract

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Women receive more inpatient resections and ablations for hepatocellular carcinoma than men

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第36期9卷 1346-1351页

作者： lindsay Sobotka Alice Hinton Lanla Conteh Department of Internal Medicine the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Biostatistics College of Public Health the Ohio State University Section of Hepatology Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Multidisciplinary Clinic the James Comprehensive Cancer Center the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

AIM To evaluate disparities in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) based on *** A retrospective database analysis using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS) was performed between 2010 and 2013. Adult patients with a primary diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma determined by International Classification of Disease 9(ICD-9) codes were included. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to analyze differences in treatment, mortality, features of decompensation, and metastatic disease based on the patient's *** The analysis included 62582 patients with 45908 men and 16674 women. Women were less likely to present with decompensated liver disease(OR = 0.84, P < 0.001) and had less risk of inpatient mortality when compared to men(OR = 0.75, P < 0.001). Women were more likely to receive inpatient resection(OR = 1.31, P < 0.001) or an ablation(OR = 1.22, P = 0.028) than men. There was no significant difference between men and women in regard to liver transplantation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE).CONCLUSION Gender impacts treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Women are more likely to undergo an ablation or resection then men. Gender disparities in transplantation have resolved.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Gender disparities Liver transplantation Liver resection Ablation

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A comparison of three surface roughness characterization techniques:photogrammetry,pin profiler,and smartphone-based LiDAR

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2422-2439页

作者： Zohreh Alijani Julien Meloche Alexander McLaren John lindsay Alexandre Roy Aaron Berg Department of Geography Environment and GeomaticsUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada Département de Géomatique Appliquée Université de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Département des Sciences de l’Environment Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresTrois-RivièresCanada

Surface roughness plays an important role in microwave remote *** the agricultural domain,surface roughness is crucial for soil moisture retrieval methods that use electromagnetic surface scattering or microwave radiative transfer ***,improved characterization of Soil Surface Roughness(SSR)is of considerable *** this study,three approaches,including a standard pin profiler,a LiDAR point cloud generated from an iPhone 12 Pro,and a Structure from Motion(SfM)photogrammetric point cloud,were applied over 24 surface profiles with different roughness variations to measure surface *** objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of smartphone-based LiDAR technology to measure surface roughness parameters and compare the results of this technique with the more common *** showed that the iPhone LiDAR technology,when point cloud data is captured in a fine-resolution mode,has a significant correlation with SfM photogrammetry(R2=0.70)and a relatively close agreement with pin profiler(R2=0.60).However,this accuracy tends to be greater for random surfaces and rough profiles with row structure *** results of this study confirm that smartphone-based LiDAR can be used as a cost-effective,fast,and time-efficient alternative tool for measuring surface roughness,especially for rough,wide,and inaccessible areas.

关键词： LiDAR surface roughness structure from motion iPhone pin profiler

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