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Indicators of success for smart law enforcement in protected areas:A case study for Russian Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)reserves

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 2-15页

作者： Michiel H.H.HÖTTE Igor A.KOlODIN Sergei l.BEREZNUK Jonathan C.SlAGHT linda l.kerl.y Svetlana V.SOUTyRINA Galina P.SAlKINA Olga y.ZAUMySlOVA Emma J.STOKES Dale G.MIQUEllE Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA Phoenix Fund VladivostokRussian Federation Zoological Society of london Regent’s ParkLondonEngland Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation lazovskii State Nature Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation Department of Ecology Far Eastern Federal UniversityAyaksRusski Island

Although considerable conservation resources have been committed to develop and use law enforcement monitoring and management tools such as SMART,measures of success are ill-defined and,to date,few reports detail results ***,we present 4 case studies from protected areas with Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)in Russia,in which indicators of success were defined and evaluated at *** ultimate goal was an increase in tiger numbers to 1 individual/100 km^(2)at each *** predicted that improvements in law enforcement effectiveness would be followed by increases in prey numbers and,subsequently,tiger *** used short-term and long-term indicators of success,including:(i)patrol team effort and effectiveness;(ii)catch per unit effort indicators(to measure reductions in threats);and(iii)changes in target species *** addition to implementing a monitoring system,we focused on improving law enforcement management using an adaptive management *** 4 years,we noted clear increases in patrol effort and a partial reduction in *** we did not detect clear trends in ungulate numbers,tiger populations remained stable or increased,suggesting that poaching of tigers may be more limiting than prey *** effectiveness is needed before a clear reduction in threats can be noted,and more time is needed before detecting responses in target ***,delineation of concrete goals and indicators of success provide a means of evaluating progress and *** monitoring should be a central component of law enforcement strategies for protected areas.

关键词： adaptive patrol management Amur tiger anti-poaching law enforcement monitoring SMART

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The Rain on Underground Porous Media Part Ⅰ:Analysis of a Richards Model

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第2期34卷 193-212页

作者： Christine BERNARDI Adel BlOUZA linda El AlAOUI laboratoire Jacques-louis lions CNRS & Université Pierre et Marie CurieBC 1874 Place Jussieu75252 Paris Cedex 05France laboratoire de Mathématiques Raphaёl Salem(UMR 6085 CNRS) Université de RouenAvenue de l'UniversitéBP 1276801 Saint-tienne-du-RouvrayFrance Universit Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris CitLAGACNRS(UMR 7539)F-93430VilletaneuseFrance

The Richards equation models the water flow in a partially saturated underground porous medium under the *** it rains on the surface,boundary conditions of Signorini type must be considered on this part of the *** authors first study this problem which results into a variational inequality and then propose a discretization by an implicit Euler's scheme in time and finite elements in *** convergence of this discretization leads to the well-posedness of the problem.

关键词： Richards equation, Porous media, Euler's implicit scheme, Finite element discretization Parabolic variational inequality

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Micronesians, a Growing Pacific Islander Population in the U.S.

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第6期8卷 223-233页

作者： Eric M. Wu Brenda y. Hernandez linda l. Wong Department of Surgery University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine Honolulu USA Cancer Center University of Hawaii Honolulu USA

Background: Micronesians are a rapidly growing population in Hawaii and the continental U.S. Hepatitis B is prevalent in Micronesia, but the consequences in those migrating to the U.S. are unclear. This study characterizes hepatocellular carcinoma in Micronesians with comparisons to other Pacific Islanders. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was undertaken of 40 Micronesian and 142 Non-Micronesian Pacific hepatocellular carcinoma patients diagnosed in a large clinical practice in Hawaii from 1993-2017. Results: All Micronesians were born outside of the U.S. Micronesians were younger at diagnosis (52.0 vs. 60.2 years), had higher rates of hepatitis B (80% vs. 31.2%), a family history of hepatocellular carcinoma (17.5% vs. 4.4%) and more tumors landers had higher rates of Hepatitis C (48.6% vs. 22.5%) and hypertension (61.7% vs. 32.4%). There was no difference in the proportions of screen-detected tumors, those meeting Milan criteria, tumor stage, or liver function. Micronesians had better 5-year survival rates (48% vs. 16.7%). Conclusion: Hepatocellular carcinoma in Micronesians is primarily Hepatitis B-related. Micronesians were equally likely to have hepatocellular carcinoma found with screening, undergo transplant and had better survival. Our study emphasizes the need for hepatitis B screening and hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in Micronesians.

关键词： Hepatocellular Carcinoma Micronesians Hepatitis B Screening

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Modified Zhibai Dihuang pill,a traditional Chinese medicine formula,on steroid withdrawal in systemic lupus erythematosus:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第6期18卷 478-491页

作者： liang Dai Ka Kei Chan Jian-chun Mao yu Tianc Jun-hua Gu Jun Zhou linda l.D.Zhong Institute of Digestive Diseases Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Department of Rheumatology.longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China

Background:Zhibai Dihuang pill(ZBDH),a Chinese herbal formula,has been widely used as an adjunctive therapy to help reduce the patient’s steroid dose and maintain low disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus(SlE).Objective:This systematic review evaluates the therapeutic effect of modified ZBDH in reducing steroid use in patients with *** strategy:A systematic literature search was carried out using seven databases,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Chinese Biomedical literature Database,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese VIP Information and Wanfang Database,from their inception to June 1 st,*** search terms included‘‘systemic lupus erythematosus,"‘‘Chinese medicine"and‘‘clinical trial,"and their *** headings matching the above terms were also *** criteria:This meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the reduction of steroid dose in patients with *** Chinese medicine(TCM)formulas in experimental group should be prescribed based on ZBDH and used as adjunctive therapy and the comparator should contain *** extraction and analysis:Two authors independently conducted database search,study selection,data extraction and quality *** extracted information contained study design,sample size,recruitment mode,diagnostic criteria,inclusion and exclusion criteria,participant characteristics,TCM patterns,TCM formulas and treatment *** primary outcome was the change of steroid *** outcomes included SlE Disease Activity Index(SlEDAI),biomarkers of disease activity and clinical response *** 15.0 was used to analyze the pooled effects reported as weighted mean difference(WMD)or odds ratio,with a 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:In total,20 trials involving 1470 SlE patients were *** pooled result showed that modified ZBDH taken in combination with standard care led to a larger reduction in stero

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus Steroid Traditional Chinese medicine Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Factors associated with 5-year survival of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 1020-1030页

作者： Tomoki Sempokuya Eric A Wien Robert J Pattison Jihyun Ma linda l Wong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Medicine John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96813United States Department of Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Surgery John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96817United States

BACKGROUND Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma(HCC/CC)is a rare primary hepatic malignancy which carries a poor prognosis due to its aggressive *** centers have enough cases to draw definitive conclusions and there is limited understanding of *** the rarity of HCC/CC,an analysis of large national cancer database was needed to obtain larger number of HCC/CC *** To identify associated factors for 5-year survival of HCC/*** We conducted a retrospective study of The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database obtained from SEER*Stat 8.3.6 *** defined histology code 8180 for the International Classification of Disease for Oncology,3rd edition was used to identify HCC/CC cases from 2004 to *** collected demographics,American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage,treatment,tumor size,and survival *** data were converted to categorical *** Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to assess normal ***-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables without normal distribution,and t-test was used to compare continuous variables with a normal *** Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyzed 5-year *** and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with 5-year *** Cox proportional hazard regression was done on 5-year *** defined Plly *** We identified 497 patients with the following characteristics:Mean age 62.4 years(SD:11.3),149(30.0%)were female,racial distribution was:276(55.5%)white,53(10.7%)black,84(16.9%)Asian and Pacific Islander(API),77(15.5%)Hispanic,and 7(1.4%)others or *** I/II disease occurred in 41.5%and tumor sizelocoregional therapy(lRT),119(23.9%)underwent resection,and 50(10.1%)underwent liver *** overall median survival was 6 mo[Interquartile range(I

关键词： Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database Survival Race Hepatobiliary cancer Transplant

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Diversity and Distribution of Tunicata （Urochordata）in Tobaao

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Journal of life Sciences 2012年第2期6卷 221-232页

作者： linda l. Cole Dept. of lnvertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History MRC-163 Washington D.C. 20012-7012 USA

The beautiful island of Tobago is the southernmost Caribbean island. The sister island of Trinidad belongs to the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Thirty-two species of tunicates were collected from Tobago from depths of 40 m or less and they were listed. Tunicates listed in this work were from collections made in 1956, 1991, 1993, 2002 and 2006 and although specimens were collected from the Atlantic Ocean side of the island and the Caribbean Sea side, all species turned out to be typical Caribbean species.

关键词： Tobago tunicates Caribbean sea taxonomy.

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Feasibility of bioelectric impedance as a measure of muscle mass in mechanically ventilated ICU patients

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第1期4卷 51-56页

作者： linda l. Chlan Symptom Management College of Nursing The Ohio State University Newton Hall Columbus USA

Background: Critically ill patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilatory support are at risk for loss of muscle mass and muscle strength from immobility. Feasible, non-invasive methods are needed to accurately obtain data on markers of muscle mass to design effective interventions and monitor patient progress during recovery from critical illness. Bioelectric impedance has been used in other settings to obtain data on body composition and muscle mass. Purpose: The aims of this study were to determine the feasibility of bioelectric impedance as a marker of muscle mass in a sample of mechanically ventilated patients and to assess data trends in these obtained values. Methods: A descriptive design was used to obtain standard bioelectric impedance parameters (total body resistance, legs resistance, and percent lean body mass) over 4 days from eligible patients already enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. Results: Bioimpedance parameters were readily obtained over 4 days in a sample of 43 patients (age 59 + 15.7 years, 56% male) receiving prolonged ventilatory support (mean 9.4 + 10.4 days) due to respiratory failure. Reasons for not obtaining impedance measures included skin impairment, monitoring devices, or presence of implantable cardiac defibrillator or pacemaker. Average total body impedance was 464.3 + 117.1 ohms, while average impedance of legs was 479.1 + 146.4 ohms. lean body mass was 68.4% (+10.8). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: With carefully trained staff and a standardized measurement protocol, bioimpedance is a feasible method to obtain body composition data reflective of muscle mass in mechanically ventilated patients. Further research will determine the utility of bioimpedance to monitor recovery and effectiveness of interventions to restore function after prolonged periods of ventilatory support and immobility in mechanically ventilated patients.

关键词： Mechanical Ventilation Bioimpedance Muscle Mass ICU-Acquired Weakness

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Preconditioners and Electron Density Optimization in Orbital-Free Density Functional Theory

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第6期12卷 135-161页

作者： linda Hung Chen Huang Emily A.Carter Program in Applied and ComputationalMathematics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Orbital-free density functional theory(OFDFT)is a quantum mechanical method in which the energy of a material depends only on the electron density and ionic *** examine some popular algorithms for optimizing the electron density distribution in OFDFT,explaining their suitability,benchmarking their performance,and suggesting some *** start by describing the constrained optimization problem that encompasses electron density ***,we discuss the line search(including Wolfe conditions)and the nonlinear conjugate gradient and truncated Newton algorithms,as implemented in our open source OFDFT *** finally focus on preconditioners derived from OFDFT energy *** preconditioners are successful for simulation cells of all sizes without regions of low electron-density and for small simulation cells with such regions.

关键词： Density functional theory truncated Newton method conjugate gradient method constrained optimization benchmarks

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Strawberry (Fragaria spp.): Cultivation, Production, Consumption, and Marketing in Cameroon

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 449-471页

作者： Djeuani Astride Carole Moutamal Djem Rose Theophine Derricka Mbouobda Hermann Désiré Abdoulaye Souaibou Meliga Essimi Célestine Bouopda Nono Joël Anafack Donasson Dioril Messouang Bernard Didier Ndongo III Boris Charlen Kaffo Emmanuel Kamga Fossouo Anselme Xavier Tiki Antoine Marie Kevin Nyimiebolo Bengono Audrey Maguy Manuela Diobe Motassy Adounga Samuel Brice Amama Amama Benjamin Nshanji Jones Panguepko Fendju Christophe Nzie Oussena Nguetrapouna Issofa Mpon Ikoyin linda NKouéya Christelle ladone Amang Amang A. Ziem Niemenak Nicolas laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Biology Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College Bambili University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Mbidjoro Sustainable living Environment Ngaound&#233r&#233 Cameroon Cé r&#232s Agricole Yaound&#233 Cameroon KAFFO Farm Baham Cameroon Agro Ankh Dschang Cameroon Bio Farm of lolodorf Lolodorf Cameroon Or Rouge d’ Afrique Obala Cameroon Bafoussam Farm Bafoussam Cameroon King Farms Baham Cameroon Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is one of the most important fruits classified as exotic fruits imported into Cameroon. To have an inventory of its cultivation in Cameroon, a survey study was carried out among eight farms of Fragaria spp. from January 2021 to February 2022. The plant was introduced in Cameroon in 2018. There are 13 varieties of Fragaria spp. currently cultivated. Among these 13 varieties, eleven are hybrids of Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Camarosa”, “Chandler”, “Charlotte”, “Elsanta”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, “Ostara”, “Ruby gem” and “San Andreas”), and two of the hybrids of Fragaria vesca (“Maestro” and “Mara des bois”). The cropping system, irrigation system, and type of fertilizers applied differ from one strawberry farm to another. Biofertilizers (such as mycorrhizal), inorganic and organic fertilizers are actually used to improve production. The potential annual production of strawberries from January 2021 to February 2022, estimated based on the survey data, was 21.216 tons for all growers. Among these eight production farms, the lolodorf BIO Farm presents 6000 kg (six tons) of strawberries and 100,000 stolons (seedlings) produced, from seven varieties of Fragaria spp. cultivated, with 6 varieties which are hybrids variety Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Chandler”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, and “Ruby gem”), and one which is a hybrid of Fragaria vesca (“Mara des bois”). Certain diseases were also observed and recorded depending on the growing areas.

关键词： Fragaria spp. Cultivation Technique Attack of Pathogens Annual Production Cameroon

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计算机科学引论

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作者： (美)Timothy J. O＇leary linda l.O’leary

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