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Evolutionary divergence of subgenomes in common carp provides insights into speciation and allopolyploid success

Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 589-602页

作者： lin chen chengyu Li Bijun Li Xiaofan Zhou Yulin Bai Xiaoqing Zou Zhixiong Zhou Qian He Baohua chen Mei Wang Yaguo Xue Zhou Jiang Jianxin Feng Tao Zhou Zhanjiang Liu Peng Xu State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Integrative Microbiology Research Centre South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Fisheries Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Henan Academy of Fishery Science Zhengzhou 450044China Department of Biology College of Arts and SciencesSyracuse UniversitySyracuse 13244USA

Hybridization and polyploidization have made great contributions to speciation,heterosis,and agricultural production within plants,but there is still limited understanding and utilization in *** structure and expression reorganization and cooperation post hybridization and polyploidization are essential for speciation and allopolyploid ***,the mechanisms have not yet been comprehensively assessed in ***,we produced a high-fidelity reference genome sequence for common carp,a typical allotetraploid fish species cultured *** genome enabled in-depth analysis of the evolution of subgenome architecture and expression *** genes were expressed with subgenome biases,with a trend of transition from the expression of subgenome A during the early stages to that of subgenome B during the late stages of embryonic *** subgenome A evolved more rapidly,subgenome B contributed to a greater level of expression during development and under stressful *** dominant patterns for homoeologous gene pairs both during development and under thermal stress suggest a potential fixed heterosis in the allotetraploid *** expressing either copy of a homoeologous gene at higher levels to confer development and response to stress indicates the dominant effect of *** plasticity of subgenomes and their shifting of dominant expression during early development,and in response to stressful conditions,provide novel insights into the molecular basis of the successful speciation,evolution,and heterosis of the allotetraploid common carp.

关键词： Allotetraploid Subgenome structural evolution Homoeologous expression Expression dominance shift Environmental adaptation

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萃取分离-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂中钒和钨

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冶金分析 2024年第8期44卷 78-85页

作者：陈林四川化工职业技术学院药品与环境工程学院四川泸州646300

废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂中钒、钨含量的准确测定,对其相关金属资源的回收具有重要意义。为了减小基体效应的影响,采取硫酸高温消解废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂(V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2)),并通过萃取剂(20%N1923+2%仲辛醇+78%磺化煤油,V/V)萃... 详细信息

废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂中钒、钨含量的准确测定,对其相关金属资源的回收具有重要意义。为了减小基体效应的影响,采取硫酸高温消解废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂(V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2)),并通过萃取剂(20%N1923+2%仲辛醇+78%磺化煤油,V/V)萃取分离其中钒、钨后,再采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钒和钨。根据单因素试验结果,得到样品的预处理条件:催化剂与80%(m/m)硫酸的用量之比为1∶40(料液比,g/mL);萃取时,N1923浓度为20%(体积分数),有机相与水相的体积比(O/A)为2∶1;反萃取时,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1 mol/L,O/A为1∶2。结果表明,当钒和钨的质量浓度分别为1.0~10.0μg/mL和2.0~20.0μg/mL与其对应的发射强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.999 5和0.999 6,检出限分别为0.002%和0.003%(质量分数)。按照实验方法测定3个废弃钒钛基脱硝催化剂样品中钒和钨,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD%,n=11)小于4.0%;与GB/T 31590-2015中的X射线荧光光谱法测定结果相一致。

关键词：钒钛基脱硝催化剂电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES) 萃取分离钒钨仲碳伯胺

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新制度主义社会学视域下的博士生分流退出机制探讨

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中国考试 2024年第9期 41-50页

作者：陈林南京师范大学南京210097

分流退出机制对于博士生人才培养质量的提高与改善具有重要意义。其本质是通过分流退出机制推动博士生教育的综合性改革与体系化建设,从而促进博士生教育的制度化治理。本文基于新制度主义社会学的视角,对我国博士生分流退出机制进行分... 详细信息

分流退出机制对于博士生人才培养质量的提高与改善具有重要意义。其本质是通过分流退出机制推动博士生教育的综合性改革与体系化建设,从而促进博士生教育的制度化治理。本文基于新制度主义社会学的视角,对我国博士生分流退出机制进行分析探讨,发现其在社会规范层面、社会关系结构与文化-认知范式等方面依然存在制度性合法基础不足、主体性利益关系矛盾、价值性认同共识匮乏等现实问题。鉴于此,提出博士生分流退出机制需要以法制思维为核心、以消解主体间利益冲突为关键、以促进价值共识为旨归,建立健全社会化规范体系,强化社会关系结构,构建适应性社会认知环境,从而为我国博士生分流退出机制的执行、落实与推广构建良好的制度空间与发展环境。

关键词：博士生教育分流退出机制新制度主义制度建构理论

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人工智能嵌入大学治理的理论图景、价值蕴含与实现路径

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高教探索 2024年第1期 13-22页

作者：陈林南京师范大学教育科学学院南京210097

大学治理是国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的重要构成和基本要素.研究通过“理念指导—范式转型—主体协同—过程融合”的理论图景,构架了人工智能时代数字化大学治理的分析框架与实现路径.数字化大学治理在理念遵循上实现了从技术借用... 详细信息

大学治理是国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的重要构成和基本要素.研究通过“理念指导—范式转型—主体协同—过程融合”的理论图景,构架了人工智能时代数字化大学治理的分析框架与实现路径.数字化大学治理在理念遵循上实现了从技术借用到全体智能的转变,在治理范式上实现了从传统范式向现代范式的转型,在主体结构上实现了从单一固守到多元协同的转型,在过程应用上实现了从信息碎片到数据融合的升级.然而,碍于数字化工具的算法歧视、信息的数据化隐私侵犯、人工智能技术的伦理风险、智能媒介的结构性不平等风险,导致数字化大学治理在理念转变、范式转型、主体协同、过程融合等方面依然存在局限.为更好地推进人工智能技术赋能大学治理的数字化转型,还需从重塑共建理念、优化系统结构、构建完整体系、打造共生目标等多个方面进行完善和补充,从而为大学治理体系与治理能力现代化奠定基础.

关键词：人工智能大学治理数字化理论图景

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Ultrasomics in liver cancer: Developing a radiomics model for differentiating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第7期16卷 247-255页

作者： Li-Ya Su Ming Xu Yan-lin chen Man-Xia lin Xiao-Yan Xie Department of Medical Ultrasound The First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional UltrasoundSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)represent the predominant histological types of primary liver cancer,comprising over 99%of *** their differing biological behaviors,prognoses,and treatment strategies,accurately differentiating between HCC and ICC is crucial for effective clinical ***,an emerging image processing technology,can automatically extract various quantitative image features that may elude the human *** on the application of ultrasound(US)-based radiomics methods in distinguishing HCC from ICC are *** In our retrospective study,we included a total of 280 patients who were diagnosed with ICC(n=140)and HCC(n=140)between 1999 and *** patients were divided into training(n=224)and testing(n=56)groups for *** images and relevant clinical characteristics were *** utilized the XGBoost method to extract and select radiomics features and further employed a random forest algorithm to establish ultrasomics *** compared the diagnostic performances of these ultrasomics models with that of *** Four distinct ultrasomics models were constructed,with the number of selected features varying between models:13 features for the US model;15 for the contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)model;13 for the combined US+CEUS model;and 21 for the US+CEUS+clinical data *** US+CEUS+clinical data model yielded the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)among all models,achieving an AUC of 0.973 in the validation cohort and 0.971 in the test *** performance exceeded even the most experienced radiologist(AUC=0.964).The AUC for the US+CEUS model(training cohort AUC=0.964,test cohort AUC=0.955)was significantly higher than that of the US model alone(training cohort AUC=0.822,test cohort AUC=0.816).This finding underscored the significant benefit of incorporating CEUS information in accurately distin-guishing ICC from HC

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Radiomics Primary liver tumor

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博士生教育分流退出制度优化策略

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高教发展与评估 2024年第1期40卷 96-108,118,I0006,I0007页

作者：陈林南京师范大学教育科学学院江苏南京210097

“分流退出制度”作为一项复杂、系统而又影响广泛的博士生教育重要制度构成,直接影响并作用于博士生教育的质量、水平和声誉。根据“史密斯模型”的分析框架发现,我国博士生教育“分流退出制度”存在政策文件的内容表述与操作规范“模... 详细信息

“分流退出制度”作为一项复杂、系统而又影响广泛的博士生教育重要制度构成,直接影响并作用于博士生教育的质量、水平和声誉。根据“史密斯模型”的分析框架发现,我国博士生教育“分流退出制度”存在政策文件的内容表述与操作规范“模糊”、实施高校的规章立制与执行落实“走形”、博士生和导师的价值认知与责任意识“匮乏”、社会认识与公共理念的支持氛围“缺失”等现实问题。博士生教育分流退出制度的政策执行与制度落实,受制于政策内容供给碎片化、相关责任主体难协调、政策落实理念难整合、政策执行方式不适配等多因素的综合影响。必须优化政策制度的科学设计,强化分流退出制度的操作执行;改善实施院校的落实执行,建立健全分流退出制度的运行机制;提高师生主体的理念认识,增强对分流退出制度的认可参与;加强向社会环境的理念宣传,塑造分流退出制度的适应生态,等等,以此改进并完善博士生教育“分流退出制度”的规范落实与全面推广。

关键词：博士生教育分流退出制度研究生培养教育政策

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遗赠物上代位推定的教义构造与适用甄别

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交大法学 2024年第1期 50-63页

作者：陈霖南京师范大学法学院

根据遗嘱处分的标的物不同,遗赠区分为物权类遗赠和债权类遗赠。无论何种类型,若在继承开始前特定遗赠标的物不存在,皆可能引致受遗赠人能否对代位物主张遗赠之问题。虽然遗赠在遗嘱人与受遗赠人之间形成债权债务关系,但照搬合同嗣后给... 详细信息

根据遗嘱处分的标的物不同,遗赠区分为物权类遗赠和债权类遗赠。无论何种类型,若在继承开始前特定遗赠标的物不存在,皆可能引致受遗赠人能否对代位物主张遗赠之问题。虽然遗赠在遗嘱人与受遗赠人之间形成债权债务关系,但照搬合同嗣后给付不能的解决思路难以完全契合遗赠具备的身份性特质,故通过对物上代位基础性权利的扩张解释,肯定遗赠物上代位推定的教义构造,不失为合适的切入路径。根据导致遗嘱处分标的物不存在的原因事实差异,限定遗赠物上代位推定的适用前提为非基于遗嘱人自愿行为的法律事实之情形,并与遗嘱人意思自治下的相反行为进行区分,后者具备撤回遗嘱、使其不发生效力的功能。又因某些原因性法律事实中交织“客观”与“自愿”,在难以明确法律适用时,可借助“遗嘱解释的客观化”缓和遗赠物上代位推定与相反行为的甄别困难。

关键词：遗赠物上代位相反行为

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大跨桥梁主梁涡振的转角抑振理念及伸臂阻尼实现

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土木工程学报 2024年第7期57卷 22-36页

作者：陈林刘展行赵林孙利民同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 同济大学土木工程防灾全国重点实验室上海200092 上海期智研究院上海200232

大跨桥梁频率低而密集且固有阻尼小,易出现风致振动,呈现出起振风速低、振动模态多和持续时间长的潜在风险。文章提出一种利用主梁转角变形附加旋转阻尼的大跨桥梁多阶模态减振方法,并提出伸臂阻尼系统的实现方式。首先,利用悬索桥的简... 详细信息

大跨桥梁频率低而密集且固有阻尼小,易出现风致振动,呈现出起振风速低、振动模态多和持续时间长的潜在风险。文章提出一种利用主梁转角变形附加旋转阻尼的大跨桥梁多阶模态减振方法,并提出伸臂阻尼系统的实现方式。首先,利用悬索桥的简化张拉梁模型研究伸臂阻尼系统对张拉梁多阶模态的阻尼效果,采用典型悬索桥的主缆索力和主梁抗弯刚度参数,分析表明单个伸臂阻尼系统能提升模态阻尼比达到0.8%;探究了主梁抗弯刚度与主缆索力比值、伸臂刚度和位置等对阻尼效果的影响规律。以舟山西堠门大桥为例,建立了带黏滞型伸臂阻尼系统桥梁的有限元模型。通过复特征值分析,研究了伸臂阻尼系统对多阶模态的阻尼效果、伸臂刚度和安装位置对阻尼的影响等。分析表明,大跨桥梁单侧塔梁设置刚性伸臂阻尼系统能够使大桥出现过涡激振动的7阶模态中的6阶模态阻尼比达到0.98%以上;双侧安装,上述6阶模态阻尼比能达到1.12%以上。实际设计伸臂抗弯刚度达到2倍主梁抗弯刚度时,可认为满足伸臂刚度需求。综上,文章提出的桥梁主梁转角抑振理念和伸臂阻尼系统的多模态阻尼减振控制效果良好。

关键词：大跨桥梁伸臂阻尼系统旋转阻尼振动控制阻尼比

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Trends and frontiers in signal amplification for aptamer-based tumor detection:A bibliometric analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4726-4741页

作者： Dan Cai Gui-lin chen Ting Wang Kun-He Zhang Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated HospitalJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Anorectal Surgery The 908th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support ForceNanchang 330000Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Malignant tumors are one of the leading causes of death worldwide,imposing a substantial economic and social *** detection is the key to improving cure rates and reducing mortality rates,which requires the development of sensitive early detection *** amplification techniques play a crucial role in aptamer-based early detection of tumors and are increasingly garnering attention from *** To investigate the current research status,developmental trajectories,and hotspots in signal amplification for aptamer-based tumor detection through bibliometric *** English publications pertaining to signal amplification in aptamer-based tumor detection were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection *** and CiteSpace software were employed to analyze various information within this field,including countries,institutions,authors,co-cited authors,journals,co-cited journals,cited references,and *** A total of 757 publications were included in this *** accounted for 85.47%of all publications,with Nanjing University(China)emerging as the institution with the highest publication *** most influential authors and journals were Hasanzadeh *** Iran and"Biosensors and Bioelectronics",*** and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)stood out as the most researched tumor-related ***,the predominant signal amplification technique,nanomaterial,and signal transduction method were identified as hybridization chain reactions,gold nanoparticles,and electrochemical methods,*** the past 3 years,exosomes,CEA,electrochemical biosensors,and nanosheets have emerged as research hotspots,exhibiting a robust burst of *** This study is the first bibliometric analysis of literature on signal amplification in aptamer-based tumor detection and elucidates the current status,hotspots,and prospective research directions within this ***,i

关键词： Aptamer Signal amplification Tumor Bibliometrics Electrochemistry Nanosheet

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Altered Iron-Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis Governs the Efficacy and Toxicity of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets Against Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 166-179页

作者： Zihe Ding Xiaoyue Wang Yi Zhang Jian Liu Lei Wan Tao Li lin chen Na lin Yanqiong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei 230038China

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA),a globally increasing autoimmune disorder,is associated with increased disability rates due to the disruption of iron *** glycoside tablets(TGTs),a Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.(TwHF)-based therapy,exhibit satisfactory clinical efficacy for RA ***,drug-induced liver injury(DILI)remains a critical issue that hinders the clinical application of TGTs,and the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy and toxicity of TGTs in RA have not been fully *** address this problem,we integrated clinical multi-omics data associated with the anti-RA efficacy and DILI of TGTs with the chemical and target profiling of TGTs to perform a systematic network ***,we identified effective and toxic targets following experimental validation in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)mouse *** different transcriptome–protein–metabolite profiles distinguishing patients with favorable TGTs responses from those with poor outcomes were ***,the clinical efficacy and DILI of TGTs against RA were associated with metabolic homeostasis between iron and bone and between iron and lipids,***,the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)–hepcidin(HAMP)/lipocalin 2(LCN2)–tartrate-resis tant acid phosphatase type 5(ACP5)and STAT3–HAMP–acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4)–lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3(LPCAT3)axes were identified as key drivers of the efficacy and toxicity of *** play dual roles in ameliorating CIA-induced pathology and in inducing hepatic dysfunction,disruption of lipid metabolism,and hepatic lipid ***,TGTs effectively reversed“iron–bone”disruptions in the inflamed joint tissues of CIA mice by inhibiting the STAT3–HAMP/LCN2–ACP5 axis,subsequently leading to“iron–lipid”disturbances in the liver tissues via modulation of the STAT3–HAMP–ACSL4–LPCAT3 *** bidirectional validatio

关键词： Tripterygium glycosides tablets Rheumatoid arthritis Iron metabolism Clinical efficacy Drug-induced liver injury Clinical multi-omics data analysis

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