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The effects of on-farm produced feeds on growth, survival, yield and feed cost of juvenile African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第1期5卷 58-64页

作者： Samwel Mchele limbu Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 35064Dar es SalaamTanzania Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesShanghai200241China

The culture of African sharptooth catfish(Clarias gariepinus)in most developing countries lacks suitable diets for semi-intensive *** present study evaluated the growth performance,survival,nutrient utilization,hepatosomatic index(HSI),body composition,yield and feeding cost of African catfish fed on semi-intensive feeds 1(SMF1)and semi-intensive feed 2(SMF2)produced on-farm and an industrially manufactured(IM)feed as a *** hundred fish(14.95±0.24 g)were stocked in triplicate earthen ponds and fed the three diets at 5%of the body weight for eight *** final weight,specific growth rate and yield of fish fed the SMF2 diet was significantly lower than SMF1 and IM ***,no significant differences were revelead in final weight,specific growth rate and yield between fish fed SMF1 and IM *** survival rate,feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of fish did not differ among the *** net protein utilization was significantly higher on fish fed the SMF2 and SMF1 diets than IM *** HSI of fish fed the IM diet was significantly higher and the livers were yellow-coloured compared to smaller and brownish/reddish livers of fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 *** fish fed the IM diet had statistically lower ash content than SMF1 *** incidence cost of fish fed the IM diet was 35%higher,while its profit index was 31%lower than fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 *** together,African catfish farmers can reduce feed cost up to 30%by using on-farm produced feeds when formulated properly and blended without affecting fish growth performance,survival and yield while obtaining better protein retention and healthier fish.

关键词： Feed cost African catfish Clarias gariepinus Profit index On-farm feeds Yellow livers

Hepatic sarcoidosis complicating treatment-naive viral hepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第12期4卷 402-405页

作者： Aloysious Aravinthan William Gelso Anita limbu Rebecca Brais Paul Richardson Department of Hepatology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS TrustCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS TrustCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom n Department of Histopathology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS TrustCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS TrustLiverpool L7 8XPUnited Kingdom

Hepatic sarcoidosis is usually asymptomatic but rarely leads to adverse liver-related ***-existence of viral hepatitis and hepatic sarcoidosis is a rare,but recognised *** a balance between immune suppression and anti-viral therapy may be *** in the presence of viral hepatitis can lead to rapid deterioration of liver ***,anti-viral therapy may exacerbate granulomatous *** we present two cases of viral hepatitis co-existing with sarcoidosis that illustrate successful management *** one,hepatitis B replication was suppressed with oral antiviral therapy before commencing *** the second,remission of hepatic sarcoidosis was achieved with prednisolone,before treating hepatitis C and obtaining a sustained virological response with pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy.

关键词： Hepatic sarcoidosis Chronic hepatitis C infection Chronic hepatitis B infection Immune suppression Anti-viral therapy

基因型多样性、干旱、菌根对优势C_(4)植物生产力及功能性状的影响

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第1期16卷 188-202页

作者： Smriti Pehim limbu Meghan L.Avolio Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA

虽然许多物种的遗传多样性和植物生产力之间的关系已经得到证实,但环境条件和生物群落是否会改变这种关系尚不清楚。针对这一问题,本文研究了基因型多样性、干旱和菌根对植物生产力和植物性状的交互作用。该研究建立在堪萨斯州曼哈顿南... 详细信息

虽然许多物种的遗传多样性和植物生产力之间的关系已经得到证实,但环境条件和生物群落是否会改变这种关系尚不清楚。针对这一问题,本文研究了基因型多样性、干旱和菌根对植物生产力和植物性状的交互作用。该研究建立在堪萨斯州曼哈顿南部的康扎草原生物研究站。本研究对焦点物种大须芒草(Andropogon gerardii)采用两种水平的基因型丰富度处理:单种栽培和3基因型混合栽培。在试验区的一半以上建立避雨棚进行抗旱处理,并在每个基因型丰富度和抗旱处理的选定盆栽中使用硫菌酯-甲基杀菌剂抑制丛枝菌根真菌的生长。结果表明,基因型丰富度和菌根对大须芒草的地上生物量无显著影响。干旱对大须芒草各基因型地上生物量、成花数和过早结实有不同的影响,而且生物量和功能性状在单独栽培和混合栽培处理中有显著差异。这些研究结果说明,干旱和基因型丰富度对不同基因型的植物有不同的结果。

关键词：高草草原大须芒草(Andropogon gerardii) C_(4)植物遗传多样性互利共生

Hybrids production as a potential method to control prolific breeding in tilapia and adaptation to aquaculture climate-induced drought

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第6期7卷 647-652页

作者： Kulwa Mtaki Samwel Mchele limbu Aviti John Mmochi Matern S.P.Mtolera Institute of Marine Sciences P.O.Box 668University of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania Department of Aquaculture Technology School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries TechnologyUniversity of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 60091Dar es SalaamTanzania East China Normal University Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health500 Dong Chuan Road200241ShanghaiChina

Establishing suitable salt tolerant all-male tilapia strains with fast growth rate is a crucial requirement for successful euryhaline farming required for controlling prolific breeding and as an adaptation to the effect of climateinduced *** study assessed the percentage of tilapia male hybrids,their growth performance and survival rate produced by crossing female Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)and male Rufiji tilapia(Oreochromis urolepis urolepis)at different *** fingerlings were reared for 70 days in triplicate concrete tanks(1 m3),each stocked with 15 fish weighing 1.62±0.03 g,1.69±0.02 g and 1.41±0.06 g exposed to 2,15 and 35 ppt salinities,*** was done by adding seawater to freshwater at a rate of 2 ppt per day for 18 *** sexing was done by visual assessment of the genital papilla followed by rearing the hybrids for six months to observe *** showed that,the cross between ***(female)and *** urolepis(male)produced hybrids that were all-males without any reproduction within six months post hybrid*** hybrids reared at a salinity of 2 ppt had higher growth performance than those reared at 15 and 35 ***,hybrids cultured at 15 ppt had significantly higher growth performance than those reared at 35 *** the hybrids produced had survival rates of 100%.This study indicated that,all-male tilapia produced by crossing between ***(female)and ***(male)can be used by fish farmers as alternative species for mariculture development to control prolific breeding and as an adaptation strategy to climate change.

关键词： Monosex culture Hybridization Mariculture All-male hybrids Aquaculture climate-induced drought

骨髓源干细胞疗法联合髓芯减压术治疗早期股骨头坏死的系统回顾

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骨髓源干细胞疗法联合髓芯减压术治疗早期股骨头坏死的系统回顾

作者： SARAN limbu 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

目的:本试验旨在研究细胞疗法(例如干细胞疗法联合髓芯减压术)治疗早期股骨头坏死,并分析干细胞剂量、生存率、病人相关临床疗效(例如HHS)、VAS疼痛分数、WOMAC评分、并发症和全髋置换术失败率(翻修率)。引言:AVN源于股骨头细胞血液流... 详细信息

目的:本试验旨在研究细胞疗法(例如干细胞疗法联合髓芯减压术)治疗早期股骨头坏死,并分析干细胞剂量、生存率、病人相关临床疗效(例如HHS)、VAS疼痛分数、WOMAC评分、并发症和全髋置换术失败率(翻修率)。引言:AVN源于股骨头细胞血液流动的减缓导致的细胞损伤。随着干细胞研究和再生医学的进步,早期干细胞疗法也许能帮助克服这些困难,并改善作用处的细胞血流环境。目前,间充质干细胞由于其自我更新的能力以及多向分化成脂肪细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞的能力使其成为颇具潜力的候选细胞疗法。因此,旨在通过防止或者延迟疾病进程达到关节保护的早期疾病管理是关键。用干细胞治疗AVN和FH的做法已获得提议。本研究旨在通过对相关医学文献的系统评价,评估干细胞疗法联合髓芯减压术对塌陷前期股骨头坏死的疗效。股骨头缺血性坏死(ANFH)是导致患者残疾和髋关节功能障碍的一个痛苦和衰弱的疾病。它好发于年轻患者进而影响到股骨头,最终发展为骨关节炎。全髋关节置换(THA)是治疗晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的常规选择。然而,由于假体的耐久性差,寿命短,在此期间对诊断为ANFH的较年轻的患者进行干预通常是值得怀疑的。因此,在软骨下骨塌陷和骨关节炎发展之前的早期干预对于维持关节功能和结构是至关重要的,他们可能会延迟全髋关节置换术(THA)的需要。早期关节保护技术对股骨头坏死的股骨头或如腓骨植骨、髓芯减压已使用但临床结局显示仅算中度改善治疗,这种方法创伤大、并发症多如供体部位疼痛、感染和神经麻痹比较常见。单纯髓内减压微创手术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死早期失败率高达30%。上面提到的传统技术可能不是更好的选择,因为它们的功效是不稳定的。因此,重要的是要寻求新的微创、安全、低成本效益并有更好临床结果的治疗方法。最近,在这些anfh早期阶段的年轻患者中进行微创外科手术诱导骨再生的治疗方式已经达到了良好的临床成功率。再生治疗如干细胞治疗与目前骨科实践中的治疗显然不同,因为它们从疾病的病因着手并通常在疾病进程的早期阶段在生物学水平进行干预。目前对肌肉骨骼疾病愈合机制的认识中,生物再生产品已广泛应用于肌肉骨骼疾病的治疗。骨髓干细胞由于其良好的增殖能力和多能分化能力已被广泛研究,已作为过去几十年里骨再生的主要来源。干细胞有促进新生血管形成、分化的能力和促进新骨形成,一些临床和临床前研究已经证明疗效的干细胞治疗股骨头缺血坏死的治疗具有改善临床结果。此外,在股骨头缺血坏死的早期阶段的患者中,髓芯减压联合干细胞治疗(cd)对患者的疗效有显着的改善,髋关节的生存和降低转化率,较单纯髓芯减压。髓芯减压(cd)是一种保留关节早期股骨头缺血坏死清除坏死区的微创手术,通常在无菌条件下进行钻井,股骨头通过深入到骨坏死股骨颈。髓芯减压自体骨髓干细胞在治疗早期股骨头坏死相结合的新方法显示100%几乎无进展。因此,本研究采用系统评价方法,将髓芯减压与自体骨髓干细胞联合应用于股骨头坏死的早期治疗,以减少潜在的副作用,提高临床疗效和患者生存率。本研究的目的是提供对基于干细胞疗法结合治疗股骨头坏死的早期髓芯减压术的理论依据,利用现有文献进行系统评价。我们的主要目标是检验支持他们(1)临床疗效;(2)患者相关结果;(3)翻修率;(4)安全性和并发症的依据。股骨头缺血性坏死(avnfh)是一种进行性疾病,常导致年轻患者髋关节功能障碍而致残。它往往是由股骨头供血不足引起的,导致压力增加,从而导致软骨下板塌陷和骨关节炎。在美国每年大约有10000到20000个新病例被确诊。有8-12%的股骨头坏死行全髋关节置换术。每年有75000-150000股骨头坏死的病例在中国确诊。同样,在日本每年有2500-3300-new例股骨头坏死确诊。它的特点是软骨下微循环受损,骨坏死和微创骨折累积而无持续的重塑。全髋关节置换术是晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的常规选择,然而,由于假体的低耐久性这在年轻患者中是不可取的,因为年轻患者股骨头坏死最常发生在年轻患者,进展为症状或崩溃发生在无症状的病人约60%。因此,联合保存技术应在早期预崩溃阶段考虑,以避免或延迟的风险进一步进展tha,尤其是当患者被诊断在早期(预崩溃)阶段。影响疾病进展从坏死病变出现到软骨下骨折和股骨头塌陷的因素尚未完全了解,但是骨坏死的大小和阶段已被证明可预测临床预后结果。股骨头坏死(onfh)除创伤原因外,往往与各种危险因素有关,如酒精滥用,皮质类固醇治疗,镰状细胞病或其他血红蛋白病,凝血病,炎性或自身免疫性疾病,器官移植,戈谢氏病,怀孕等因素。间充质干细胞是多能细胞,能够根据其环境自我更新和分化成各种细胞类型。目前已经鉴定了两种类型的多能干细胞:1)作为血细胞,淋巴样细胞,巨噬细胞的前体的造血干细胞2)具有分化成骨细胞,软骨细胞,脂肪细胞,成纤维细胞等能力的中胚层细胞系的祖细胞的间充质干细胞由于间充质干

关键词：缺血性坏死股骨头干细胞髓芯减压术塌陷前期

Hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference between lipids and carbohydrates

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动物学研究(英文) 2023年第5期44卷 954-966页

作者： Qiang Ma Yuan Luo Jia Zhong Samwel Mchele limbu Ling-Yu Li Li-Qiao Chen Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Qiang Lin Zhen-Yu Du LANEH School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510301China School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamDar es Salaam 60091Tanzania

Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish ***,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well ***,we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy *** of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(Pparα)or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy ***,lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate ***,anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase(atgl)mutant *** 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status,the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using *** study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates,which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism.

关键词： Hypoxia tolerance Catabolic preference Lipid Carbohydrate Oxidative damage

The Effect of Measuring Magnetic Susceptibility of Water Samples by Starting with Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) before Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第6期6卷 614-618页

作者： Maureen Kapute Mzuza Samwel Mchele limbu State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Department of Lands Mzuzu University Mzuzu Malawi Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Biology School of Life Sciences Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health East China Normal University Shanghai China

Estimating magnetic properties of water samples by first measuring the Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM) before Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) is induced has been costly due to the discard of samples measured by staring with the latter before the former. However, no clear understanding exists on the effect of measuring magnetic properties values by first inducing IRM before ARM. This study explored the effect of measuring concentration related parameters (χlf, χfd and χARM), a mineral related parameter (S-300) and grain size parameters (χfd% and χARM/SIRM ratio) fromwater samples by starting with IRM before ARM. Forty three surface water samples were collected from the estuarine of Yangtze River (China) with the aim of measuring magnetic characteristics by starting with IRM before ARM. The results indicated that, measuring magnetic properties by either starting with ARM or IRM led to similar values for χlf, χfd, χfd%, χARM, S-300 and χARM/SIRM ratio (p > 0.05). These results imply that, measuring concentrationrelated parameters does not necessarily require measuring ARM first and then IRM. Researchers can start by measuring any parameter between ARM and IRM without affecting the final results of the water samples, but with proper demagnetization when started with IRM.

关键词： χfd χARM χARM/SIRM Ratio Water Samples Susceptibility Parameters

Lipophagy is essential for lipid metabolism in fish

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Science Bulletin 2018年第14期63卷 879-882页

作者： Jing wang Si-Lan Han Ling-Yu Li Dong-Liang Lu Samwel Mchele limbu Dong-Liang Li Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health(LANEH) School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Shanghai 200241. China Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamDares Salaam Tanzania

Lipophagy is a form of autophagy in *** this cellular process,lipid droplets(LDs)are degraded through the lysosomal degradative pathway[1].During lipophagy,LDs sequestrated in autophagosomes are delivered to lysosomes,which fuse to form autophagosomes and then develop into autophagolysosomes,leading to LDs degradation of[1].A number of studies have demonstrated that lipophagy play important roles in lipid

关键词：类脂化合物新陈代谢鱼哺乳动物生物功能脊椎动物 ing LD

High cholesterol intake remodels cholesterol turnover and energy homeostasis in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第1期5卷 56-74页

作者： Rui-Xin Li Ling-Yun Chen Samwel M.limbu Yu-Cheng Qian Wen-Hao Zhou Li-Qiao Chen Yuan Luo Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du LANEH School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Department of Aquaculture Technology School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries TechnologyUniversity of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 60091Dar es SalaamTanzania

The roles of dietary cholesterol in fish physiology are currently *** issue reflects the limited studies on the metabolic consequences of cholesterol intake in *** present study investigated the metabolic responses to high cholesterol intake in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),which were fed with four cholesterol-contained diets(0.8,1.6,2.4 and 3.2%)and a control diet for eight *** fish-fed cholesterol diets showed increased body weight,but accumulated cholesterol(the peak level was in the 1.6%cholesterol group).Then,we selected 1.6%cholesterol and control diets for further *** high cholesterol diet impaired liver function and reduced mitochondria number in ***,high cholesterol intake triggered protective adaptation via(1)inhibiting endogenous cholesterol synthesis,(2)elevating the expression of genes related to cholesterol esterification and efflux,and(3)promoting chenodeoxycholic acid synthesis and ***,high cholesterol intake reshaped the fish gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus *** Mycobacterium spp.,both of which are involved in cholesterol and/or bile acids ***,high cholesterol intake inhibited lipid catabolic activities through mitochondrialβ-oxidation,and lysosome-mediated lipophagy,and depressed insulin signaling *** catabolism was elevated as a compulsory response to maintain energy ***,although high cholesterol intake promoted growth,it led to metabolic disorders in *** the first time,this study provides evidence for the systemic metabolic response to high cholesterol intake in *** knowledge contributes to an understanding of the metabolic syndromes caused by high cholesterol intake or deposition in fish.

关键词： Cholesterol metabolism Metabolic response Energy metabolism Gut microbiome