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Functional Analysis of Semi-conserved Transit Peptide Motifs and Mechanistic Implications in Precursor Targeting and Recognition

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Molecular Plant 2016年第9期9卷 1286-1301页

作者： Kristen Holbrook Chitra Subramanian Prakitchai Chotewutmontri L. Evan Reddick Sarah Wright Huixia Zhang lily moncrief Barry D. Bruce Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program in Plant Physiology and Genetics Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology Department of Botany Department of BotanyUniversity of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Present address: Department of Infectious Disease St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 USA Present address: Institute of Molecular Biology University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403 USA present address: Department of Microbiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390 USA Present address: Albert R. Mann Library Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA present address: U.S. Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring MD 20993 USA

Over 95% of plastid proteins are nuclear-encoded as their precursors containing an N-terminal extension known as the transit peptide （TP）. Although highly variable, TPs direct the precursors through a conserved, posttranslational mechanism involving translocons in the outer （TOC） and inner envelope （TOC）. The organelle import specificity is mediated by one or more components of the Toc complex. However, the high TP diversity creates a paradox on how the sequences can be specifically recognized. An emerging model of TP design is that they contain multiple loosely conserved motifs that are recognized at different steps in the targeting and transport process. Bioinformatics has demonstrated that many TPs contain semiconserved physicochemical motifs, termed FGLK. In order to characterize FGLK motifs in TP recognition and import, we have analyzed two well-studied TPs from the precursor of RuBisCO small subunit （SStp） and ferredoxin （Fdtp）. Both SStp and Fdtp contain two FGLK motifs. Analysis of large set mutations （-85） in these two motifs using in vitro, in organello, and in vivo approaches support a model in which the FGLK domains mediate interaction with TOC34 and possibly other TOC components. In vivo import analysis suggests that multiple FGLK motifs are functionally redundant. Furthermore, we discuss how FGLK motifs are required for efficient precursor protein import and how these elements may permit a convergent function of this highly variable class of targeting sequences.

关键词： chloroplast biology protein translocation Toc34 transit peptide cell biology

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Bio-based rejuvenators in asphalt pavements:A comprehensive review and analytical study

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第3期4卷 282-291页

作者： Maria Chiara Cavalli Wangjie Wu lily Poulikakos Division of Highway and Railway Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Empa Dübendorf 8600Switzerland

The pressing demand for sustainable advancements in road infrastructure has catalyzed extensive research into environmentally conscious alternatives for the maintenance and restoration of asphalt concrete *** paper offers a comprehensive review and analysis of bio-based rejuvenators as a promising avenue for enhancing the longevity and sustainability of *** a multifaceted exploration,it delves into various aspects of this innovative *** a thorough overview of bio-based rejuvenators,the study highlights their renewable and environmentally friendly *** conducts an in-depth examination of a wide spectrum of bio-derived materials,including vegetable oils,waste-derived bio-products,and biopolymers,through a comprehensive *** paper evaluates how bio-based rejuvenators enhance aged asphalt binders and mixes,effectively mitigating the adverse impacts of ***,it investigates how these rejuvenators address environmental concerns by identifying compatibility issues,assessing long-term performance,and evaluating economic ***,the paper outlines potential advancements and research pathways aimed at optimizing the utilization of bio-based rejuvenators in asphalt concrete,thereby contributing to the sustainable evolution of road infrastructure.

关键词： Bio-based rejuvenator Bio-based asphalt concrete Bio-based asphalt mechanical performance Environmental benefit Optimized utilization of bio-based rejuvenator

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Outbound Travel is Heating Up During Summer Vacation

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第4期 50-51页

作者： lily Wang 不详

Since the second half of 2023,China have initiated mutual visa-free policies for outbound tourism with such countries as Singapore,Malaysia,Thailand and *** the continuous advancement of these visa-free policies,the list of outbound tourist destination countries is constantly *** this summer vacation in particular,outbound tourism is gaining popularity.

关键词： mutual initiated expanding

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China Continues to Bring Confidence to Global Economy Recovery

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第1期 32-34页

作者： lily Wang 不详

Looking forward to 2024,what opportunities and challenges will global development face?In particular,how can the global economy get rid of the“sequelae”of the pandemic?At the 170th“Monthly Talk on the Economy”held recently by the China Center for International Economic Exchange,experts analyzed the world’s economy since the outbreak of COVID-19,and made clear the context of and provided suggestions for global development in 2024.

关键词： Economy Recovery Confidence

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Policies Aiming at Stabilizing Foreign Trade Continue to Work

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第3期 23-25页

作者： lily Wang 不详

On May 30,t he Ch ina Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)held a regular press *** Ping,the spokesperson for the CCPIT,said that since the beginning of this year,the number of issued ATA Carnets has increased significantly,reflecting the fact that China’s foreign trade policy portfolio is taking effect,foreign trade enterprises have been more active,and their motivation and enthusiasm for expanding the international market have continued to rise.

关键词： Trade enterprises continued

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Adjustments for Kurtosis and Continuity on the Prentice Test

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第2期14卷 101-117页

作者： lily Gebhart John Kolassa Math Department Occidental College Los Angeles USA Department of Statistics University of New Jersey Piscataway USA

The test of Prentice [1] is a non-parametric statistical test for the two-way analysis of variance using ranks. The null distribution of this test typically is approximated using the Chi-square distribution. However, the exact null distribution deviates from the Chi-square approximation in certain cases commonly found in applications of the test, motivating adjustments to the distribution. This manuscript presents adjustments to this null distribution correcting for continuity, multivariate skewness, and multivariate kurtosis. The effects of alternative scoring methods as non-polynomial functions of rank sums are also presented as a broader application of the approximation.

关键词： Friedman Test Prentice Test Edgeworth Approximation

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"Australian Companies Remain Committed to the China Market"——Exclusive Interview with David Olsson,President and Chairman of Australia China Business Council

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第2期 13-15页

作者： lily Wang 不详

This year marks the10th anniversary of the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Australia,and the development of bilateral relations are getting back on the right ***,David Olsson,President and Chairman of the Australia China Business Council,stated his comments,when accepting an exclusive interview with China's Foreign Trade.

关键词： Market stated interview

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The Transition Towards New Energy Accelerates

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第1期 11-13页

作者： lily Wang 不详

China’s foreign trade has been facing tremendous pressure since *** export of the“old three”,including clothing,furniture and household appliances,has been declining,while the export of the“New Three”,represented by electric vehicles,lithium-ion batteries and solar cells,has been increasing against the trend,outperforming other type of exports.

关键词： Transition lithium furniture

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China-Arab Cooperation Ushers in Another Highlight

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第3期 38-41页

作者： lily Wang 不详

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum(CASCF),and the tenth Ministerial Meeting of the CASCF was held in Beijing at the end of May,ushering in another highlight for China-Arab ... 详细信息

关键词： Ara anniversary Minister

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"New Quality Productive Forces to Bring Greater Opportunities for Us"——Interview with Jakob Stausholm,CEO of Rio Tinto

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China's Foreign Trade 2024年第2期 16-17页

作者： lily Wang 不详

"China is hugely important for Rio Tinto as this is the place where we have our biggest customers,our biggest shareholders,and almost 60%of our revenue stems from sales in China."Rio Tinto,the world's largest iron ore producer,has had more tieups and joint ventures with Chinese partners than anyone *** interviewed by China's Foreign Trade.

关键词： venture revenue China.

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