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Unraveling the electrocatalytically active sites and stability of co&co oxides on nanocarbon for oxygen evolution reaction in acid solution

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 8-13页

作者： Yansong Zhu Tianran Zhang Tao An Yun Zong jim Yang Lee Faculty of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016LiaoningChina Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Singapore

The oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acid solution is a significant challenge for non-precious metal electrocatalysts based on the transition metals although they have shown good OER performance in alkaline *** this study,we synthesized the electrocatalysts containing two or three co species(co,coO and co3O4)nanoparticles on porous graphitic carbon(PGc)nanosheets which were prepared by a facile and low-cost synthesis where co(NO3)2•6H2O and glucose were pyrolyzed in the presence of sodium chloride *** co3O4-dominated catalyst as-prepared,co3O4/PGc,is OER active in acid solution(1.74 V at a current density of 10 mA cm^−2).We identified the OER active sites in the catalyst to be the co3O4 nanoparticles rather than carbon-coated *** comparative studies of the varied catalysts,we also proved that co3O4 is catalytically more active than co and *** co3O4/PGc catalyst,however,lost almost of all its activity after 100 voltammetric cycles in the 1.2-1.8 V voltage *** the catalyst stability was examined potentiostatically at different potentials,the catalyst showed good stability at 1.4 *** stability study also revealed the mechanism of the catalyst instability in acid was caused by co3O4 reduction below 1.4 V and by co3O4 oxidation above 1.4 V.1.4 V is therefore a unique potential where co3O4 nanoparticles are neither oxidized nor reduced to be susceptible to acid dissolution.

关键词： Non-precious metal Active sites Oxygen evolution reaction Acid Stability

An overview of forensic operations performed following the terrorist attacks on November 13,2015,in Paris

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第3期5卷 202-207页

作者： Antoine Tracqui celine Deguette Tania Delabarde Yann Delannoy Isabelle Plu Isabelle Sec lilia Hamza Marc Taccoen Bertrand Ludes Medico-Legal Institute of Besancon Saint-Jacques HospitalBesanconFrance Medico-Legal Institute of Paris ParisFrance Forensic Medical Emergency Service Hotel-Dieu HospitalParisFrance Universite de Paris BABELCNRSParisFrance Medico-Legal Institute of Lille LilleFrance Sorbonne University ParisFrance Service d’Accueil des Urgences Hopital AvicenneBobignyFrance

On the evening of November 13,2015,the city of Paris and its surroundings was hit by a series of attacks committed by terrorist groups,using firearms and *** final toll was 140 people deceased(130 victims and 10 terrorists or their relatives)and more than 413 injured,making these attacks the worst mass killings ever recorded in Paris in *** article presents the forensic operations carried out at the Medicolegal Institute of Paris(MLIP)following these attacks.A total of 68 autopsies of bodies or body fragments and 83 external examinations were performed within 7 days,and the overall forensic operations(including formal identification of the latest victims)were completed 10 days after the *** this period,156 body presentations(some bodies were presented several times)were provided to families or *** the 130 civilian casualties,129 died from firearm wounds and one died from blast injuries after an *** the 10 terrorists or their relatives who were killed,eight died from suicide bombing,one was shot by police and one died from crush injuries due to partial collapse of a building following the police raid against a terrorist’s hideout after the *** mass shootings were perpetrated with AK-47 or Zastava M70 assault rifles using 7.62mm39mm *** the case of ballistic injuries,death was most often obviously caused by craniocerebral injuries,extensive organ lacerations and/or massive *** the terrorists killed by bombing,the lesion patterns were body transection,multiple amputations,extreme organ lacerations and the presence of foreign bodies owing to the shrapnel load(steel nuts,glass fragments)or the explosive charge fastening system of the *** discussion highlights the particular difficulties of interpretation encountered within the framework of ballistic injuries,a conclusion that should lead to a modest and realistic approach in these exceptional situations where forensic operat

关键词： Forensic sciences terrorist attacks Paris forensic identification firearms explosives

Sustainable geotourism using digital technologies along a rural georoute in Monsagro(Salamanca,Spain)

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 121-138页

作者： A.M.Martínez-Graña L.Serrano J.A.González-Delgado c.J.Dabrio P.Legoinha Department of Geology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain Department of Stratigraphy Faculty of GeologyComplutense UniversityMadridSpain GeoBioTec Departamento de Ciências da TerraFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaCaparicaPortugal

Rural geotourism looks at the natural resources of the territory as a means of promoting a specialized,educational,sustainable *** is an increasingly sought-after *** paper presents a rural georoute across a high mountain village,highlighting the remarkable value of the geological heritage of biological trace fossils and physical sedimentary structures exposed on street pavements and façades of houses.A series of tourist georesources were created and implemented:educational and interpretive panels,videos,QR codes,geoapps and games,all of which promote and disseminate the exceptional geological content and the history of the earth through the use of new technologies(smartphones,ipod,etc.).All this is intended as a means to make geotourism a natural tourism,favoring experiences,whilst explaining the natural environment and its temporal and spatial dimensions,offering opportunities for socio-economic development and job creation in rural areas with problems of depopulation.

关键词： Digital geotourism geological heritage georoute sustentability geotourism tourist georesources

Using old liver grafts for liver transplantation: Where are the limits?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第31期20卷 10691-10702页

作者： carlos jim.nez-Romero Oscar caso Maestro Félix cambra Molero Iago Justo Alonso cristina Alegre Torrado Alejandro Manrique Municio Jorge calvo Pulido carmelo Loinaz Segurola Enrique Moreno González Service of General and Digestive Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation "Doce de Octubre" University Hospital

The scarcity of ideal liver grafts for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has led transplant teams to investigate other sources of grafts in order to augment the donor liver pool. One way to get more liver grafts is to use marginal donors, a not well-defined group which includes mainly donors > 60 years, donors with hypernatremia or macrosteatosis > 30%, donors with hepatitis c virus or hepatitis B virus positive serologies, cold ischemia time > 12 h, non-heart-beating donors, and grafts from split-livers or living-related donations. Perhaps the most practical and frequent measure to increase the liver pool, and thus to reduce waiting list mortality, is to use older livers. In the past years the results of OLT with old livers have improved, mainly due to better selection and maintenance of donors, improvements in surgical techniques in donors and recipients, and intra- and post-OLT management. At the present time, sexagenarian livers are generally accepted, but there still exists some controversy regarding the use of septuagenarian and octogenarian liver grafts. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the aging process of the liver and reported experiences using old livers for OLT. Fundamentally, the series of septuagenarian and octogenarian livers will be addressed to see if there is a limit to using these aged grafts.

关键词： Old liver donors Liver transplantation Aging liver Liver graft Liver disease Aging Donor management Septuagenarian donors Octogenarian donors

Retrospective self-reported weight changes during childhood and adolescence are not good predictors of metabolic syndrome risk factors in Mexican young adults

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第8期3卷 479-486页

作者： Flávia c. D. Andrade Michelle jim.nez Marcela Raffaelli Margarita Teran-García celia Aradillas-García Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Department of Human and community Development University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Department of Kinesiology and community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Faculty of Medicine University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí Mexico

The purpose of the study was to examine whether retrospective self-reported weight changes during childhood and adolescence were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors in Mexican young adults. Mexican college applicants to the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico, 18 to 25 years old (n = 4187) who had applied for the 2009 academic year were included in the study. Participants underwent a health screening—anthropometrics and blood drawn—and completed a questionnaire. Five major weight change categories were defined based on self-reported weight during childhood and adolescence: consistently normal, consistently underweight, consistently overweight/ obese, weight gain, and weight loss. Most participants self-reported being normal weight during childhood (58.7%) and adolescence (58.3%). Only a small proportion reported being overweight or obese during childhood (10.1%) or adolescence (15.9%). Weight change patterns during childhood and adolescence were marked by overall stability: 40.1% of participants were consistently normal, 15.6% underweight and 3.6% overweight/obese. Among those whose weight changed, 25.0% gained weight and 15.7% lost weight. In regression analyses, weight change categories based on self-reported weight statuses during childhood and adolescence were not associated with current metabolic syndrome risk factors after controlling for measured current BMI. Studies addressing the association between weight gains in early life with metabolic syndrome outcomes in early adulthood should not rely on recalled weight status during early life alone.

关键词： Weight change Metabolic Syndrome Metabolic Risk Factors’ Mexican Young Adults

Gene therapy: light is finally in the tunnel

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Protein & cell 2011年第12期2卷 973-989页

作者： Huibi cao Robert S.Molday jim Hu Programme in Physiology and Experimental Medicine Hospital for Sick ChildrenDepartments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiologyand PaediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G1X8Canada Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2350 Health Sciences MallUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverB.C.V6T 1Z3Canada

After two decades of ups and downs,gene therapy has recently achieved a milestone in treating patients with Leber’s congenital amaurosis(LcA).LcA is a group of inherited blinding diseases with retinal degeneration and severe vision loss in early *** in several genes,including RPE65,cause the *** adenoassociated virus as a vector,three independent teams of investigators have recently shown that RPE65 can be delivered to retinal pigment epithelial cells of LcA patients by subretinal injections resulting in clinical benefits without side ***,considering the whole field of gene therapy,there are still major obstacles to clinical applications for other *** obstacles include innate and immune barriers to vector delivery,toxicity of vectors and the lack of sustained therapeutic gene ***,new strategies are needed to overcome these hurdles for achieving safe and effective gene *** this article,we shall review the major advancements over the past two decades and,using lung gene therapy as an example,discuss the current obstacles and possible solutions to provide a roadmap for future gene therapy research.

关键词： gene therapy transgenes viral vector non-viral vector helper-dependent adenoviral vector adenoassociated virus lentivirus cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(cFTR) host immune responses

Tracking of iron-labeled human neural stem cells by magnetic resonance imaging in cell replacement therapy for Parkinson＇s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 49-52页

作者： Milagros Ramos-Gómez Alberto Martínez-Serrano centre for Biomedical Technology Polytechnic University of Madrid Madrid Spain Biomedical Research Networking'center of Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (cIBER-BBN) Madrid Spain Department of Molecular Biology and center of Molecular Biology"Severo Ochoa" Autonomous University of Madrid-C.S.I.C Madrid Spain

Human neural stem cells（h NScs） derived from the ventral mesencephalon are powerful research tools and candidates for cell therapies in Parkinson＇s disease. However, their clinical translation has not been fully realized due, in part, to the limited ability to track stem cell regional localization and survival over long periods of time after in vivo transplantation. Magnetic resonance imaging provides an excellent non-invasive method to study the fate of transplanted cells in vivo. For magnetic resonance imaging cell tracking, cells need to be labeled with a contrast agent, such as magnetic nanoparticles, at a concentration high enough to be easily detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Grafting of human neural stem cells labeled with magnetic nanoparticles allows cell tracking by magnetic resonance imaging without impairment of cell survival, proliferation, self-renewal, and multipotency. However, the results reviewed here suggest that in long term grafting, activated microglia and macrophages could contribute to magnetic resonance imaging signal by engulfing dead labeled cells or iron nanoparticles dispersed freely in the brain parenchyma over time.

关键词： human neural stem cells Parkinson's disease magnetic resonance imaging magnetic nanoparticles stem cell transplantation

Superoxide dismutase prevents development of adenocarcinoma in a rat model of Barrett's esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第47期11卷 7436-7443页

作者： Elena Piazuelo carmelo cebrián Alfredo Escartín Pilar jim.nez Fernando Soteras Javier Ortego Angel Lanas Instituto Aragonés de ciencias de la Salud Unidad Mixta de InvestigaciónC/Domingo Miral s/n 50009 ZaragozaSpain Service of Pathology Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa"Avenida San Juan Bosco15 50009 ZaragozaSpain Unidad Mixta de Investigatión University of ZaragozaDomingo Miral s/n 50009 ZaragozaSpain Unidad Mixta de Investigación University of ZaragozaDomingo Miral s/n 50009 ZaragozaSpain Service of Gastroenterology Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa"Avenida San Juan Bosco15 50009 ZaragozaSpain

AIM： To test whether antioxidant treatment could prevent the progression of Barrett＇s esophagus to adenocarcinoma. METHODS： In a rat model of gastroduodenoesophageal reflux by esophagojejunal anastomosis with gastric preservation, groups of 6-10 rats were randomized to receive treatment with superoxide dismutase （SOD） or vehicle and followed up for 4 too. Rat＇s esophagus was assessed by histological analysis, superoxide anion and peroxinitrite generation, SOD levels and DNA oxidative damage. RESULTS： All rats undergoing esophagojejunostomy developed extensive esophageal mucosal ulceration and inflammation by mo 4. The process was associated with a progressive presence of intestinal metaplasia beyond the anastomotic area （9% 1st mo and 50% 4th too）（94% at the anastomotic level） and adenocarcinoma （11% 1^ST mo and 60% 4th too）. These changes were associated with superoxide anion and peroxinitrite mucosal generation, an early and significant increase of DNA oxidative damage and a significant decrease in SOD levels （P〈0.05）. Exogenous administration of SOD decreased mucosal superoxide levels, increased mucosal SOD levels and reduced the risk of developing intestinal metaplasia beyond the anastomotic area （odds ratio = 0.326; 95%cI： 0.108-0.981; P = 0.046）, and esophageal adenocarcinoma （odds ratio = 0.243; 95%cI： 0.073-0.804; P = 0.021）. cONcLUSION： Superoxide dismutase prevents the progression of esophagitis to Barrett＇s esophagus and adenocarcinoma in this rat model of gastrointestinal reflux, supporting a role of antioxidants in the chemoprevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Esophageal adenocarcinoma Free radicals Oxidative damage Superoxide dismutase

On All Sets of Optimal controls for a control System with State Feedback

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On All Sets of Optimal Controls for a Control System with St...