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Influence of pyrolysis temperature on rice straw biochar properties and corresponding effects on dynamic changes in bispyribac-sodium adsorption and leaching behavior in soil

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Pedosphere 2023年第3期33卷 463-478页

作者： Pervinder KAUR neha sharma Khushwinder KAUR Department of Agronomy Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaPunjab 141004(India) Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaPunjab 141004(India) Department of Chemistry Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014(India)

Bispyribac-sodium is a weakly acidic herbicide with high water solubility and is thus a potential source of groundwater *** the risk inherent to the use of this herbicide,this study assessed the impacts of rice straw(RS)and biochar amendments on the adsorption and leaching behavior of bispyribac-sodium in *** were produced from RS at different pyrolysis temperatures and characterized using various spectral *** straw had a surface area of 3.996×10^(4)m^(2)kg^(-1),which increased under pyrolysis;biochars prepared at 350 and 550℃(RS350 and RS550)in a closed furnace with limited oxygen supply had a surface area of 5.763×10^(4)and 6.890×10^(4)m^(2)kg^(-1),respectively,and biochar prepared by purging the pyroformer with n2(RSC)had the highest surface area of 12.173×10^(4)m^(2)kg^(-1).After amendment with RS and biochar,soil Freundlich adsorption capacity(KF ads)increased to varying extents in the order RSC>RS350>RS550,from 2.89×10^(3)to 29.57×10^(3)mg^(1-1)/nkg^(-1)L1/n,compared to1.55×10^(3)mg^(1-1)/nkg^(-1)L1/nin unamended *** variability in KF ads of bispyribac-sodium amongst the RS-and biochar-amended soils was dependent on the surface area of the *** desorption of bispyribac-sodium decreased in the RS-and biochar-amended soils and varied from90.45%to 95.20%in unamended soils and from 60.95%to 89.50%in amended *** adsorption and desorption of bispyribac-sodium varied significantly depending on its concentration and the type and application rate of soil *** leaching risk evaluation indices,viz.,modified leach index(***),leach index(LEACH),groundwater ubiquity score(GUS),Hornsby index(HI),leaching index(LIn),and pesticide leaching potential(PLP)index,were used to assess the susceptibility of groundwater to herbicide *** reduce the repetitive effects of common parameters in each index,a new index was developed by employing principal component analysis(PCA)to condense their infor

关键词： desorption Freundlich model groundwater contamination leaching potential leaching risk evaluation index pesticide soil amendment Temkin isotherm

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A comparative study on demineralization of coals by acid-washing and solvent-extraction methods for low temperature catalytic coal gasification application

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第3期2卷 175-181页

作者： Atul sharma Akimitsu Matsumura Research Institute of Energy Frontier Non-conventional Carbon Resources GroupNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science&Technology16-1OnogawaTsukubaJapan

Catalytic coal gasification is an efficient way to achieve high conversion rates at low *** loss due to the reaction between the inherent mineral matter in the coal and the catalyst is a major hurdle for its practical *** problem may be overcome by removing the mineral matter from the coal before *** demineralizing approaches,acid-washing and solvent-extraction methods are investigated for demineralizing the *** analysis,XRD analysis,nMR analysis,and n_(2)adsorption analysis were made to compare the demineralization efficiency,crystallographic carbon microstructure,chemical structure,and micro-porosity,***-extraction method was found be more efficient for *** was observed in the chemical structure and micro-porosity while crystallographic carbon-microstructure was found to be ***-catalytic and catalytic gasification reactivity of the chars obtained by the two methods was *** composition and gas evolution profiles were also obtained and found to be influenced by the degree of demineralization.

关键词： Coal Demineralization Acid washing Solvent extraction Catalytic gasification

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nitric Oxide Alleviates Photochemical Damage Induced by Cadmium Stress in Pea Seedlings

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第5期91卷 959-973页

作者： Ekhlaque A.Khan Hamdino M.I.Ahmed Meena Misra Pallavi sharma Amarendra n.Misra Department of Life Sciences Central University of JharkhandRanchi835205India Department of Biotechnology Ch.Bansilal UniversityBhiwaniHaryana127021India Horticulture Research Institute(HRI) Agricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza12619Egypt School of Environment and Sustainable Development Central University of GujaratGandhinagar382030India

Cadmium(Cd),a life threatening hazardous heavy metal is abundant in *** amounts are greater in leaves than other plant parts,and it shows considerable effects on *** oxide(nO),a free radical present in living organisms,is now known as an important signaling molecule playing various physiological processes in *** this study,the possible ameliorative effect of nO on photosynthesis was examined on pea seedlings grown under Cd *** showed that chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,photochemical efficiency of Photosystem II and Photosystem I decreased,and Fo and nonphotochemical parameters for PSII and PSI significantly increased due to Cd *** suggests that Cd affects the photochemistry efficiency at both the PSII and PSI *** oxide supplementation through SnP ameliorated Cd stress by enhancing all the above mentioned parameters but causing a reduction in the Fo,and non-photochemical parameters of PSII and PSI in pea *** data indicate that the exogenous application of nO was useful in mitigating Cd-induced damage to photosynthesis in pea seedling.

关键词： Chlorophyll fluorescence oxidative stress Photosystem I Photosystem II

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3-D Exact Vibration Analysis of a Generalized Thermoelastic Hollow Sphere with Matrix Frobenius Method

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World Journal of Mechanics 2012年第2期2卷 98-112页

作者： Jagan nath sharma n. sharma Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology Hamirpur India

This paper presents exact free vibration analysis of stress free (or rigidly fixed), thermally insulated (or isothermal), transradially isotropic thermoelastic hollow sphere in context of generalized (non-classical) theory of thermoelasticity. The basic governing equations of linear generalized thermoelastic transradially isotropic hollow sphere have been uncoupled and simplified with the help of potential functions by using the Helmholtz decomposition theorem. Upon using it the coupled system of equations reduced to ordinary differential equations in radial coordinate. Matrix Frobenius method of extended series has been used to investigate the motion along the radial coordinate. The secular equations for the existence of possible modes of vibrations in the considered sphere are derived. The special cases of spheroidal (S-mode) and toroidal (T-mode) vibrations of a hollow sphere have also been deduced and discussed. The toroidal motion gets decoupled from the spheroidal one and remains independent of the both, thermal variations and thermal relaxation time. In order to illustrate the analytic results, the numerical solution of the secular equation which governs spheroidal motion (S-modes) is carried out to compute lowest frequencies of vibrational modes in case of classical (CT) and non-classical (LS, GL) theories of thermoelasticity with the help of MATLAB programming for the generalized hollow sphere of helium and magnesium materials. The computer simulated results have been presented graphically showing lowest frequency and dissipation factor. The analysis may find applications in engineering industries where spherical structures are in frequent use.

关键词： Thermal Relaxation Matrix Frobenius Method Toroidal Poloidal Hollow Sphere

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Determination of asenapine in presence of its inactive metabolites in human plasma by LC-MS/MS

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第5期8卷 341-347页

作者： nirav R Patel Mallika Sanyal naveen.sharma Dinesh S.Patel Pranav S.Shrivastav Bhavin n.Patel Bioanalytical Laboratory Uiantha Research India Ltd.BodakdevAhmedabad 380054GujaratIndia Kadi Sarva Viswavidyalaya Sector-15Ghandhinagar 382715GujaratIndia Department of Chemistry St.Xavier's CollegeNavrangpuraAhmedabad 380009GujaratIndia Department of Chemistry School of SciencesGujarat UniversityNavrangpuraAhmedabad 380009GujaratIndia

A highly selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） assay has been described for the determination of asenapine （ASE） in presence of its inactive metabolites n-desmethyl asenapine （DMA） and asenapine-n-glucuronide （ASG）. ASE, and ASE 13C-d3, used as internal standard （IS）, were extracted from 300 μL human plasma by a simple and precise liquid-liquid extraction procedure using methyl tert-butyl ether. Baseline separation of ASE from its inactive metabolites was achieved on Chromolith Performance RPse （100 mm ×4.6 mm） column using acetonitrile- 5.0 mM ammonium acetate-10% formic acid （90：10：0.1, v/v/v） within 4.5 min. Quantitation of ASE was done on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization in the positive mode. The protonated precursor to product ion transitions monitored for ASE and ASE 13C-d3 were m/z 286.1 → 166.0 and m/z 290.0 → 166.1, respectively. The limit of detection （LOD） and limit of quantitation （LOQ） of the method were 0.0025 ng/mL and 0.050 ng/mL respectively in a linear concentration range of 0.050-20.0 ng/mL for ASE. The intra-batch and inter-batch precision （% CV） and mean relative recovery across quality control levels were 〈 5.8% and 87.3%, respectively. Matrix effect, evaluated as IS-normalized matrix factor, ranged from 1.03 to 1.05. The stability of ASE under different storage conditions was ascertained in presence of the metabolites. The developed method is much simpler, matrix free, rapid and economical compared to the existing methods. The method was suc- cessfully used for a bioequivalence study of asenapine in healthy Indian subjects for the first time.

关键词： Asenapine Asenapine 13C-d3 Metabolites LC-MS/MS Bioequivalence study Human plasma

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Therapeutic gene editing strategies using CRISPR-Cas9 for theβ-hemoglobinopathies

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第2期35卷 115-134页

作者： James B.Papizan Shaina n.Porter Akshay sharma Shondra M.Pruett-Miller Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Center for Advanced Genome Engineering St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA

With advancements in gene editing technologies,our ability to make precise and efficient modifications to the genome is increasing at a remarkable rate,paving the way for scientists and clinicians to uniquely treat a multitude of previously irremediable ***-Cas9,short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9,is a gene editing platform with the ability to alter the nucleotide sequence of the genome in living *** technology is increasing the number and pace at which new gene editing treatments for genetic disorders are moving toward the ***β-hemoglobinopathies are a group of monogenic diseases,which despite their high prevalence and chronic debilitating nature,continue to have few therapeutic options *** this review,we will discuss our existing comprehension of the genetics and current state of treatment forβ-hemoglobinopathies,consider potential genome editing therapeutic strategies,and provide an overview of the current state of clinical trials using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.

关键词： sickle cell disease sickle cell anemia fetal hemoglobin hemoglobinopathy CRISPR gene editing genome engineering

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Investigation of Al Schottky junction on n-type CdS film deposited on polymer substrate

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2010年第3期3卷 321-327页

作者： Sandhya GUPTA Dinesh PATIDAR Mahesh BABOO Kananbala sharma n.S.SAXEnA Semiconductor and Polymer Science Laboratory University of Rajasthan

A systematic study has been made on the behavior of Al/n-CdS thin film junction on flexible polymer substrate(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)grown using thermal evaporation method. Temperature dependence of Ⅰ-Ⅴ measurements for this junction has been done which closely follow the equations of Schottky barrier junction dominated by thermionic emission mechanism. Intrinsic and contact properties such as barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance have been calculated from Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristics. The barrier height of Al/n-CdS junction is found to increase with increase in temperature whereas ideality factor and series resistance decrease with increase in temperature.

关键词： polymer substrate Al-CdS thin film thermal evaporation method Schottky barrier junction

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Conservation agriculture impact for soil conservation in maize-wheat cropping system in the Indian sub-Himalayas

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第2期3卷 112-118页

作者： B.n.Ghosh Pradeep Dogra n.K.sharma Ranjan Bhattacharyya P.K.Mishra ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation(IISWC) Dehradun 248195India ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012India

Conservation agriculture(CA)is considered as a suitable technique for soil erosion control,productivity enhancement,and improved economic *** investigate these issues,an experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions using grass vegetation strip(VS)with minimum tillage,organic amendments and weed mulch during June 2007-October 2011 at Dehradun,Uttarakhand in the Indian Himalayan *** showed that the mean wheat equivalent yield was47%higher in the plots under with CA compared with conventional agriculture in a maize-wheat crop *** runoff coefficients and soil loss with CA plots were45%less and54%less than conventional agriculture *** average,after the harvest of maize,soil moisture conservation up to 90 cm soil depth for wheat crop was 108%higher under CA than conventional agriculture *** net return from the plots with CA was 85%higher,and when expressed net return per tonne of soil loss,it was four and half times higher than conventional *** demonstrate that the suitable CA practice(a grass strip of Palmarosa with applied organic amendments(farmyard manure,vermicompost and poultry manure)along with weed mulching under conservation tillage)enhances system productivity,reduces runoff,soil loss and conserve soil moisture.&2015 International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation and China Water and Power *** and Hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-nC-nD license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Vegetation strips Organic amendments Weed mulch Minimum tillage Soil conservation

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Comparative Analysis of the 100 kb Region Containing the Pi-k^h Locus Between indica and japonica Rice Lines

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第1期5卷 35-44页

作者： S.P. Kumar V. Dalal n.K. Singh T.R. sharma national Research Center on Plant Biotechnology Indian Agriculture Research Institute New Delhi 110112India

We have recently cloned a pathogen inducible blast resistance gene Pi-k^h from the indica rice line Tetep using a positional cloning approach. In this study, we carried out structural organization analysis of the Pi-k^h locus in both indica and japonica rice lines. A 100 kb region containing 50 kb upstream and 50 kb downstream sequences flanking to the Pi-k^h locus was selected for the investigation. A total of 16 genes in indica and 15 genes in japonica were predicted and annotated in this region. The average GC content of indica and japonica genes in this region was 53.15% and 49.3%, respectiveIy. Both indica and japonica sequences were polymorphic for simple sequence repeats having mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentanucleotides. Sequence analysis of the specific blast resistant Pi-k^h allele of Tetep and the susceptible Pi-k^h allele of the japonica rice line nipponbare showed differences in the number and distribution of motifs involved in phosphorylation, resulting in the resistance phenotype in Tetep.

关键词： comparative genomics blast resistance gene genome analysis microcolinearity

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Algal biomass as a global source of transport fuels:Overview and development perspectives

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2014年第4期24卷 329-339页

作者： Kifayat Ullah Mushtaq Ahmad Sofia Vinod Kumar sharma Pengmei Lu Adam Harvey Muhammad Zafar Shazia Sultana C.n.Anyanwu Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyPark RoadChak ShahzadIslamabadPakistan Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan EnEA Research Centre Trisaia Technical Unit for Trisaia Technologies75026 Rotondella (MT)Italy 4. Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas HydrateGuangzhou Institute of Energy ConversionChinese Academy of SciencesNo.2Nengyuan RoadWushanTianhe 5. School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced MaterialsNewcastle UniversityMerz CourtNewcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RUUnited Kingdom 6. National center for energy research and developmentUniversity of NsukkaNigeria

As a result of the global fuel crisis of the early 1970 s,coupled with concerns for the environment,the use of biofuel has been on the increase in many regions throughout the *** present,a total of approximately 30 billion(30×109) liters of biofuel are utilized worldwide annually,although most countries rely hugely on the first generation *** limitations of the first and second generation biofuel gave rise to current interest in algae as a promising alternative to these conventional biofuel *** biomass could provide a lion’s share of the global transport fuel requirements in *** present review highlights some important developments in,and potentials of algaculture as a major biomass resource of the ***,the major constraint to commercial-scale algae farming for energy production is the cost factor,which must be addressed adequately before its potentials can be harnessed.

关键词： Algae Biofuel Economic feasibility Energy production Transport fuels

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