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Assessment of CMIP6 model performance for temperature and precipitation in Xinjiang,China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2022年第2期15卷 39-46页

作者： Xiaolu Zhang lijuan hua Dabang Jiang College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

In this study,the authors evaluate the skill of 42 climate models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)in reproducing the climatological temperature and precipitation in Xinjiang during the period 1995–*** results indicate that the models can reliably capture the geographical distributions of the two *** regionally averaged bias of temperature is 0.1℃ for the annual mean,-1.6℃ in spring,0.5℃ in summer,-0.2℃ in autumn,and 1.3℃ in *** averaged annual and seasonal precipitation in Xinjiang is generally overestimated by the CMIP6 *** simulated annual precipitation is 89%more than the observation over Xinjiang,with a regionally averaged bias of 256%in spring,-3%in summer,84%in autumn,and 258%in *** analysis indicates that most models overestimate the spatial variability of both climatological temperature and *** models show smaller discrepancies in simulating the temperature than the precipitation in *** comparison,both the median and arithmetic mean of the 42 models have similar skills to those of 29 selected good models,and outperform most individual models.

关键词： CMIP6 Evaluation Temperature Precipitation Xinjiang

Quantifying the Spatial Characteristics of the Moisture Transport Affecting Precipitation Seasonality and Recycling Variability in Central Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第6期39卷 967-984页

作者： Linhao ZHONG lijuan hua Zhaohui GONG Yao YAO Lin MU National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Moisture contribution and transport pathways for Central Asia(CA)are quantitatively examined using the Lagrangian water cycle model based on reanalysis and observational data to explain the precipitation seasonality and the moisture transport variation during ***-related(northwesterly and westerly)transport explains 42%of CA precipitation and dominates in southwest CA,where precipitation is greatest in the cold *** CA,including part of Northwest China,experiences its maximum precipitation in the warm season and is solely dominated by southerly transport,which explains about 48%of CA *** remaining 10%of CA precipitation is explained by northerly transport,which steadily impacts north CA and causes a maximum in precipitation in the warm *** CA areas are exposed to seasonally varying moisture transport,except for southeast and north CA,which are impacted by southerly and northerly transport *** general,the midlatitude westerlies-driven transport and the Indian monsoon-driven southerly-related transport explain most of the spatial differences in precipitation seasonality over ***,the contribution ratio of local evaporation in CA to precipitation exhibits significant interdecadal variability and a meridionally oriented tripole of moisture transport *** the early 2000s,CA has experienced a decade of anomalously low local moisture contribution,which seems jointly determined by the weakened moisture contribution from midlatitudes(the Atlantic,Europe,and CA itself)and the enhanced contribution from high latitudes(West Siberia and the Arctic)and tropical areas(South Asia and the Indian Ocean).

关键词： Central Asia precipitation seasonality recycling ratio moisture transport dynamical recycling model interdecadal variability

Future Drought Changes in China Projected by the CMIP6 Models:Contributions from Key Factors

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气象学报:英文版 2023年第4期37卷 454-468页

作者： Qingxin CHEN Tianbao ZHAO lijuan hua Jinhua YU Yafang WANG Chuan XU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044

Model simulations show that drought may become more severe and widespread in the 21st century due to humaninduced global warming. However, the contributions from the key factors to the model-projected drought changes in China have not yet been examined in detail. We used the self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index with Penman–Monteith potential evapotranspiration(scPDSIpm) based on 10 model simulations selected from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6). We investigated the contributions from precipitation(P), near-surface air temperature and specific humidity [Δ(T + q)], net surface longwave radiation(LW), net surface shortwave radiation(SW), and wind speed(WS) to the future changes in scPDSIpm, including the long-term mean, drying area,probability distribution function(PDF), drought frequency, and drought duration based on the scPDSIpm over *** results show that model-projected drying mainly occurs over southern China, whereas the dry areas under drought conditions increase from 20% to about 23%/30% under the two scenarios of the shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP2-4.5/SSP5-8.5) from 1985 to 2100, despite large uncertainties in individual projections partly due to internal variability. Drought frequency is projected to increases by about 10%–54%(15%–88%) under the SSP2-4.5(SSP5-8.5) scenario by the late 21st century, along with increases in drought duration. These changes are accompanied by a decrease in the mean scPDSIpm and flattening of the PDFs. The changes in drying over southern China are mainly attributed to surface warming and the increased surface vapor pressure deficit(VPD), with small contributions from changes in the surface net radiation. The changes in wetting over northern China mostly result from increased precipitation along with a small wetting effect from the changes in wind speed.

关键词： drought future projection key factors China Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6

An Assessment of ENSO Stability in CAMS Climate System Model Simulations

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第1期33卷 80-88页

作者： lijuan hua Lin CHEN Xinyao RONG Jian LI Guo ZHANG Lu WANG State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science &Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We present an overview of the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) stability simulation using the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences climate system model(CAMS-CSM). The ENSO stability was quantified based on the Bjerknes(BJ) stability index. Generally speaking, CAMS-CSM has the capacity of reasonably representing the BJ index and ENSO-related air–sea feedback processes. The major simulation biases exist in the underestimated thermodynamic damping and thermocline feedbacks. Further diagnostic analysis reveals that the underestimated thermodynamic feedback is due to the underestimation of the shortwave radiation feedback, which arises from the cold bias in mean sea surface temperature(SST) over central–eastern equatorial Pacific(CEEP). The underestimated thermocline feedback is attributed to the weakened mean upwelling and weakened wind–SST feedback(μ_a) in the model simulation compared to observation. We found that the weakened μ_a is also due to the cold mean SST over the *** study highlights the essential role of reasonably representing the climatological mean state in ENSO simulations.

关键词： coupled general circulation model(CGCM) Bjerknes(BJ) stability index air–sea feedback

The CMIP6 Historical Simulation Datasets Produced by the Climate System Model CAMS-CSM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第2期38卷 285-295页

作者： Xinyao RONG Jian LI Haoming CHEN Jingzhi SU lijuan hua Zhengqiu ZHANG Yufei XIN State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

This paper describes the historical simulations produced by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS)climate system model(CAMS-CSM),which are contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).The model description,experiment design and model outputs are *** members’historical experiments are conducted by CAMS-CSM,with two members starting from different initial conditions,and one excluding the stratospheric aerosol to identify the effect of volcanic *** outputs of the historical experiments are also validated using observational *** is found that the model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycle of the major climate system quantities,including the surface air temperature,precipitation,and the equatorial *** long-term trend of air temperature and precipitation is also reasonably captured by *** are still some biases in the model that need further *** paper can help the users to better understand the performance and the datasets of CAMS-CSM.

关键词： CMIP6 historical simulation CAMS-CSM climate system model data description

An Assessment of CAMS-CSM in Simulating Land–Atmosphere Heat and Water Exchanges

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第6期32卷 862-880页

作者： Guo ZHANG JiANDuo LI Xinyao RONG Yufei XIN Jian LI Haoming CHEN Jingzhi SU lijuan hua State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS)has been devoted to developing a climate system model(CSM)to meet demand for climate simulation and prediction for the East Asian *** this study,we evaluated the performance of CAMS-CSM in regard to sensible heat flux(H),latent heat flux(LE),surface temperature,soil moisture,and snow depth,focusing on the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project experiment,with the aim of participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase *** systematically assessed the simulation results achieved by CAMS-CSM for these variables against various reference products and ground observations,including the FLUXNET model tree ensembles H and LE data,Climate Prediction Center soil moisture data,snow depth climatology data,and Chinese ground observations of snow depth and winter surface *** compared these results with data from the ECMWF Interim reanalysis(ERA-Interim)and Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS).Our results indicated that CAMS-CSM simulations were better than or comparable to ERA-Interim reanalysis for snow depth and winter surface temperature at regional scales,but slightly worse when simulating total column soil *** root-mean-square differences of H in CAMS-CSM were all greater than those from the ERA-Interim reanalysis,but less than or comparable to those from *** spatial correlations for H in CAMS-CSM were the lowest in nearly all regions,except for North ***-CSM LE produced the lowest bias in Siberia,North America,and South America,but with the lowest spatial correlation ***,there are still scopes for improving H and LE simulations in CAMS-CSM,particularly for LE.

关键词： Climate System Model of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project sensible heat flux latent heat flux

Simulation and Improvements of Oceanic Circulation and Sea Ice by the Coupled Climate System Model FGOALS-f3-L

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第10期37卷 1133-1148页

作者： Yuyang GUO Yongqiang YU Pengfei LIN Hailong LIU Bian HE Qing BAO Bo AN Shuwen ZHAO and lijuan hua State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LASW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

This study documents simulated oceanic circulations and sea ice by the coupled climate system model FGOALS-f3-L developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,under historical forcing from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).FGOALS-f3-L reproduces the fundamental features of global oceanic circulations,such as sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS),mixed layer depth(MLD),vertical temperature and salinity,and meridional overturning *** are notable improvements compared with the previous version,FGOALS-s2,such as a reduction in warm SST biases near the western and eastern boundaries of oceans and salty SSS biases in the tropical western Atlantic and eastern boundaries,and a mitigation of deep MLD biases at high ***,several obvious biases *** most significant biases include cold SST biases in the northwestern Pacific(over 4°C),freshwater SSS biases and deep MLD biases in the subtropics,and temperature and salinity biases in deep ocean at high *** simulated sea ice shows a reasonable distribution but stronger seasonal cycle than *** spatial patterns of sea ice are more realistic in FGOALS-f3-L than its previous version because the latitude–longitude grid is replaced with a tripolar grid in the ocean and sea ice *** most significant biases are the overestimated sea ice and underestimated SSS in the Labrador Sea and Barents Sea,which are related to the shallower MLD and weaker vertical mixing.

关键词： CMIP6 FGOALS-f3-L historical evaluation ocean sea ice

Cloud Radiative Feedbacks during the ENSO Cycle Simulated by CAMS-CSM

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第4期33卷 666-677页

作者： Lin CHEN lijuan hua Xinyao RONG Jian LI Lu WANG Guo ZHANG Ming SUN Zi'an GE Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

This study evaluated the simulated cloud radiative feedbacks(CRF)during the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)cycle in the latest version of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences climate system model(CAMS-CSM).We conducted two experimental model simulations:the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP),forced by the observed sea surface temperature(SST);and the preindustrial control(PIcontrol),a coupled run without flux *** found that both the experiments generally reproduced the observed features of the shortwave and longwave cloud radiative forcing(SWCRF and LWCRF)*** AMIP run exhibited better simulation performance in the magnitude and spatial distribution than the PIcontrol ***,the simulation biases in SWCRF and LWCRF feedbacks were linked to the biases in the representation of the corresponding total cloud cover and precipitation *** is interesting to further find that the simulation bias originating in the atmospheric component was amplified in the PIcontrol run,indicating that the coupling aggravated the simulation *** the PIcontrol run exhibited an apparent mean SST cold bias over the cold tongue,the precipitation response to the SST anomaly(SSTA)changes during the ENSO cycle occurred towards the relatively warmer western equatorial ***,the corresponding cloud cover and CRF shifted westward and showed a weaker magnitude in the PIcontrol run versus observational *** contrast,the AMIP run was forced by the observational SST,hence representing a more realistic *** results demonstrate the challenges of simulating CRF in coupled *** study also underscores the necessity of realistically representing the climatological mean state when simulating CRF during the ENSO cycle.

关键词： ENSO CAMS climate system model cloud radiative feedbacks ENSO cycle

UVB suppresses PTEN expression by upregulating miR-141 in HaCaT cells

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第2期25卷 135-140页

作者： Wei Li Wu Di lijuan hua Bingrong Zhou ze Guo Dan Luo Department of Dermatology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiansu 210029 China

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are 21 to 24 nucleotide, non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes. Ultraviolet B （UVB） radiation has been shown to inhibit phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 （PTEN） expression in HaCaT cells through an unknown mechanism. In this study, we investigated whether miR-141 can regulate UVB exposure-mediated inhibition of PTEN expression. Real-time RT-PCR, annexin V/fluorescein isothiocyanate staining, Western blotting and anti-miRNA oligonucleotide transfection were employed in this study. We found that upregulation of miR-141 expression after UVB irradiation was inversely correlated with PTEN expression levels in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, miR-141 expression increased apoptosis, while anti-miR-141 partly restored PTEN expression and reversed the pro-apoptosis effect of UVB. UVB suppresses the expression of PTEN by upregulating miR-141 in HaCaT cells. Therefore, miR-141 is a potential gene therapy target for UVB-induced photodamage.

关键词： MicroRNA-141 PTEN UVB apoptosis HaCaT cells