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Fate of Basal N Under Split Fertilization in Rice with ^(15)N Isotope Tracer

Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 135-143页

作者： LI Ganghua LIN Jingjing xue lihong DING Yanfeng WANG Shaohua YANG Linzhang National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China Yancheng Biological Engineering Higher Vocational Technology School Yancheng 224051 China

Split fertilization strategy is popularly adopted in rice to synchronize soil nitrogen(N) supply and crop N demand. Attention has been paid more on mid-season topdressing N, but limited on basal N. A clearer understanding of the basal N fate under split fertilization is crucial for determining rational basal N split ratio to improve the yield and reduce the loss to environment. A two-year field experiment with two N rates of 150 and 300 kg Nha^(-1), two split ratios of basal N, 40% and 25%, and two rice varieties,Wuyunjing 23(japonica) and Y-liangyou 2(super hybrid indica), was conducted. Labelled ^(15) N urea was supplied in micro-plots as basal fertilizer to determine the plant uptake, translocation, soil residual, and loss of basal N fertilizer. The results showed that basal N absorbed by rice was only 1.6%–11.5% before tillering fertilization(8–10 d after transplanting), 6.5%–21.4% from tillering fertilization to panicle fertilization, and little(0.1%–4.4%) after panicle fertilization. The recovery efficiency of basal N for the entire rice growth stage was low and ranged from 18.7% to 24.8%, not significantly affected by cultivars or N treatments. Soil residual basal N accounted for 10.3%–36.4% and decreased with increasing total N rate and basal N ratio, regardless of variety and year. 43.8%–70.4% of basal N was lost into the environment based on the N balance. Basal N loss was significantly linearly positive related with the basal N rate and obviously enhanced by the increasing basal N ratio for both varieties in both 2012 and 2013. The N use efficiency and yield was significantly improved when decreasing the basal N ratio from 40% to 25%. The results indicated that the basal N ratio should be reduced, especially with limited N inputs, to improve the yield and reduce the N loss to the environment.

关键词： N balance N loss N split ratio N use efficiency plant uptake rice variety soil residual N yield

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Efficient photocatalysis of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC-HCl) from pharmaceutical wastewater using AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4) composite under visible light: Process and mechanisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 249-262页

作者： Chenman Ding Qiurong Zhu Bei Yang Evangelos Petropoulos lihong xue Yanfang Feng Shiying He Linzhang Yang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210018China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210018China School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RUUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210018China

AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4), a visible light activated ternary composite catalyst, was prepared by combining calcination, hydrothermal reaction and in-situ deposition processes to treat/photocatalyse tetracycline hydrochloride(TC-HCl) from pharmaceutical wastewater under visible light. The morphological, structural, electrical, and optical features of the novel photocatalyst were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), UV-visible light absorption spectrum(UV–Vis DRS), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and transient photocurrent techniques. All analyses confirmed that the formation of heterojunctions between AgCl/ZnO and g-C_(3)N_(4)significantly increase electron-hole transfer and separation compared to pure ZnO and g-C_(3)N_(4). Thus, AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4)could exhibit superior photocatalytic activity during TC-HCl assays(over 90% removal) under visible light irradiation. The composite could maintain its photocatalytic stability even after four consecutive reaction cycles. Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) and superoxide radical(·O_(2)) contributed more than holes(h+) and hydroxyl radicals(·OH) to the degradation process as showed by trapping experiments. Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(LC-MS) was used for the representation of the TC-HCl potential degradation pathway. The applicability and the treatment potential of AgCl/ZnO/gC_(3)N_(4)against actual pharmaceutical wastewater showed that the composite can achieve removal efficiencies of 81.7%, 71.4% and 69.0% for TC-HCl, chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total organic carbon(TOC) respectively. AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be a prospective key photocatalyst in the field of degradation of persistent, hardly-degradable pollutants, from industrial wastewater and not only.

关键词： Photocatalyst Tetracycline degradation Pharmaceutical wastewater C_(3)N_(4)composites Degradation pathway

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Si/Cu3_Si@C Composite Encapsulated in CNTs Network as High Performance Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2019年第5期34卷 1055-1061页

作者： LU Haoqi xue lihong ZHANG Wuxing State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China BTR New Energy Materials Inc. Shenzhen 518106China

Si/Cu3Si@C composites encapsulated in CNTs network(SCC-CNTs) were synthesized via the combination of ball-milling and CVD methods. SCC-CNTs consist of conductive Cu3Si, amorphous carbon layer, cross-linked CNTs, and the etched pores, which can play the synergistic effects on the improvement of electronic conductivity and Li^+ diffusion. The volume expansion of Si anode is also suppressed during the electrochemical process. The SCC-CNTs composites demonstrate a remarkably improved electrochemical performance compared with pure Si, which can deliver a discharge capacity of 2 171 mAh·g^-1 at 0.4 A·g^-1 with ICE of 85.2%, and retain 1197 mAh· g^-1 after 150 cycles. This work provides a facile approach to massively produce the high-performance Si-based anode materials for next-generation LIBs.

关键词： lithium-ion battery anodes silicon-based composite CNTs Cu3Si

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Biochar Combined with Vermicompost Increases Crop Production While Reducing Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Paddy Soil

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Pedosphere 2019年第1期29卷 82-94页

作者： WU Di FENG Yanfang xue lihong LIU Manqiang YANG Bei HU Feng YANG Linzhang Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Soil Ecology Lab College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University

Organic amendments such as vermicompost and biochar have been reported to enhance soil fertility and crop ***, whether the co-application of both amendments has synergistic effects or whether such benefits are accompanied by the risk of gaseous nitrogen(N) loss in an agroecosystem remains unknown. A soil column experiment with a fully factorial design was conducted using three levels of vermicompost(no dose, low dose(1%, weight:weight), and high dose(3%, weight:weight)) without or with biochar(1%, weight:weight) to investigate their effects on rice growth and gaseous N loss across the crop growing season. Our results demonstrated that synergistic interactions existed between vermicompost and biochar in promoting crop yield. Compared with biochar amendment alone, biochar combined with vermicompost significantly(P < 0.01) increased rice yield by 26.5%–35.3%. However,high dose of vermicompost significantly(P < 0.01) increased the cumulative ammonia(NH_3) and nitrous oxide(N_2O) emissions. In the presence of vermicompost, the incorporation of biochar amendment significantly(P < 0.01) decreased the cumulative N_2O emission by 14.1%–18.6%. The lowest emission factor value of NH_3 and N_2O was achieved using biochar in combination with low dose of vermicompost. This study revealed that the combination of biochar and moderate dose of vermicompost offers a novel approach to promote crop productivity while reducing the environmental risk.

关键词： ammonia volatilization crop yield earthworm ecosystem services emission factor gaseous nitrogen loss organic amendment organic waste

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Preparation of Oriented Barium Titanate Thin Films by Combination of Electrophoretic Deposition with Hydrothermal Treatment

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第11期26卷 996-1000页

作者： lihong xue and Youwei Yan State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Highly oriented barium titanate （BaTiO 3） thin films on Pt substrate were fabricated by combination of electrophoretic deposition with hydrothermal *** structure and morphology of thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron *** is found that the titania precursor film,Ba（OH）2 concentration and hydrothermal temperature play crucial roles in the film morphology and *** BaTiO3 thin films with highly （110） preferred orientation can be formed on polycrystalline Pt substrate by appropriate adjustment of the reaction *** orientation parameter f of highly oriented BaTiO3 films was up to *** films exhibited a smooth and crack-free surface and remained in the layered *** situ topotactic transformation and dissolution-crystallization mechanisms were proposed to explain the morphology and orientation of BaTiO3 films during hydrothermal treatment.

关键词： Barium titanate Preferred orientation Electrophoretic deposition Hydrothermal treatment

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FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 593-606页

作者： lihong xue Jingjing DUAN Pengfu HOU Shiying HE Yingliang YU Yanfang FENG Fuxing LIU Linzhang YANG Key Lab of Agro-environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201403China

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging,especially in developing and underdeveloped *** systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water *** this review,a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution *** 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed,including source reduction,process retention,nutrient reuse and water *** 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in *** the future,a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P ***,new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed,and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

关键词： 4R chain technology system agricultural non-point source pollution case study full time-space governance strategy

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Raw material of water-washed hydrochar was critical for the mitigation of GHGI in infertile paddy soil:a column experiment

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Biochar 2021年第3期3卷 381-390页

作者： Yuanyuan Wu Pengfu Hou Zhi Guo Haijun Sun Detian Li lihong xue Yanfang Feng Shan Yu Linzhang Yang Baoshan Xing Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze PlainMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing 210014China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Water washing is a meaningful method to improve the surface’characteristic of hydrochar produced using hydrothermal carbonization and minimize the negative effect on crop ***,the greenhouse effect resulting from water-washed hydrochar application was unclear in agricultural ***,the effect of water-washed hydrochar on methane and nitrous oxide emissions was analyzed in an infertile paddy soil based on a soil-column ***-derived hydro-char(WSH)and wheat straw-derived hydrochar(WWH)after water washing were selected and applied with low(5‰,w/w;8.5 t ha^(−1))or high addition rate(15‰,w/w;25.5 t ha^(−1)).The study indicated that water-washed hydrochar could increase the grain yield;the difference between WWH with 5‰application rate and CKU treatments was *** signifi-cantly decreased CH4 and N2O emissions in comparison with WWH addition *** the same material,there were trends in reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions at low application rate,although the differences were not *** with all treatments,WSH with 5‰application rate achieved the lowest seasonal emissions for both *** mcrA gene was the critical factor affecting CH4 emission;soil NO_(3)^(−)-N concentration and the copy numbers of nirK,nirS,and nosZ jointly affected N2O *** from the high yield and low global warming potential,GHG emission intensity(GHGI)at low application rate was lower than at high application rate for ***,the response of GHG emissions to water-washed hydrochar varies with the derived feedstock;WSH is a good additive for the mitigation of GHGI.

关键词： Biowaste Hydrothermal carbonization Physical amendment Global change Microbial functional genes

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Unraveling natural aging-induced properties change of sludge-derived hydrochar and enhanced cadmium sorption site heterogeneity

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 615-634页

作者： Bingyu Wang Cenyao Shang Huifang Xie Haijun Sun Qiang Zhang lihong xue Filip M.G.Tack Deyi Hou Yanfang Feng Jörg Rinklebe Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural EnvironmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute of Foundation EngineeringWaterand Waste-ManagementLaboratory of Soiland Groundwater-ManagementUniversity of WuppertalPauluskirchstraße 742285 WuppertalGermany

Hydrochar has potential applications in soil improvement and heavy metal *** would undergo the process of aging when introduced into the soil,altering its ***,recent studies have focused mainly on the artificial aging of hydrochar,which could not reveal the cumulative effect of multiple environmental ***,the periodical monitoring of the property and sorption behavior of hydrochar after amending soils is necessary to better understand the multifaceted mechanisms associated with the natural aging of *** study selected the sludge-derived hydrochar(SLHC)as a typical hydrochar and applied a 16-month rice-wheat-rice rotation to mimic the natural aging of hydrochar,focusing on changing properties and cadmium(Cd)sorption and literature contrast between aging strategies and biochar *** porosity,O abundance,and ash content of 16-month aged SLHC increased by 37%,47%,and 8.5%,respectively,facilitating Cd sorption due to surface complexation,pore sorption,and *** sorption percentage of Cd to SLHC was in the range of 11-14%for SLHC-A0 and increased to 17-31%for SLHC-A4 and 20-32%for SLHC-A16 after natural *** natural aging of SLHC induced by ash content played an essential role in Cd sorption site *** regression analysis showed that aging strategies on sorption behavior significantly differed between ***,studies involving natural aging with multiple environmental factors are preferred over those involving chemical or biological *** studies should continue to explore the mechanisms of natural aging-induced heavy metal sorption between hydrochar and *** results improve insights to appraise the potential of SLHC as soil amendments to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metal contamination and provide an essential basis for researchers and staff in soil management and environmental prevention.

关键词： Sludge-derived hydrochar Hydrothermal carbonization Natural aging Physicochemical properties Sorption behavior Cadmium

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太湖流域稻田湿地对低污染水中氮磷的净化效果

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环境科学研究 2015年第1期28卷 117-124页

作者：薛利红杨林章江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所江苏南京210014

对太湖流域稻田湿地设置3种布水设计——地表漫流式、串形沟灌渗滤式和弓形沟灌渗滤式,研究连续进水方式下3种布水设计的稻田湿地对低污染水中氮、磷的净化效果及其产量效应.结果表明：1在水稻拔节期和灌浆期,稻田湿地对低污染水中TN和T... 详细信息

对太湖流域稻田湿地设置3种布水设计——地表漫流式、串形沟灌渗滤式和弓形沟灌渗滤式,研究连续进水方式下3种布水设计的稻田湿地对低污染水中氮、磷的净化效果及其产量效应.结果表明：1在水稻拔节期和灌浆期,稻田湿地对低污染水中TN和TP的去除率分别可达77%-93%和87%-96%,稻田排水中ρ（TN）均在2 mg/L以下.23种布水设计对TN的去除率表现为漫流式〉弓形沟灌渗滤式〉串形沟灌渗滤式;对TP的去除率则以弓形沟灌渗滤式最高,串形沟灌渗滤式最差,但二者间差异不显著.3弓形沟灌渗滤处理由于沟渠占田面积比例相对比较适宜,水稻籽粒产量最高（8 520 kg/hm2）,比传统的漫流型稻田湿地增产5.2%;而串形沟灌渗滤处理因其沟渠占田面积比例（约14%）较大,水稻籽粒产量最低.研究结果证实,利用太湖流域广泛存在的稻田湿地来净化周围的低污染水方法可行且效果较好.

关键词：稻田湿地低污染水 TN TP 去除率产量太湖流域

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采用不同红边位置提取技术估测蔬菜叶绿素含量的比较研究

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农业工程学报 2008年第9期24卷 165-169页

作者：薛利红杨林章中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

红边位置常被用来估测植被的叶绿素/氮素含量、叶面积以及探测植被胁迫,其精确计算十分重要。目前其计算主要是基于导数光谱或曲线拟合技术,但哪种方法能更有效地探测植被的叶绿素/氮素含量,还没有一个定论。本研究以菠菜的叶片高光谱为... 详细信息

红边位置常被用来估测植被的叶绿素/氮素含量、叶面积以及探测植被胁迫,其精确计算十分重要。目前其计算主要是基于导数光谱或曲线拟合技术,但哪种方法能更有效地探测植被的叶绿素/氮素含量,还没有一个定论。本研究以菠菜的叶片高光谱为例,详细比较了目前常用的6种红边位置提取方法与叶片叶绿素之间的关系,并从其对叶绿素含量预测的准确度、计算的难易程度、所需数据的精度及适用范围等几个方面进行了讨论。结果表明,叶片红边位置的计算结果对选择方法的依赖性很大,几种计算方法提取的红边位置与叶绿素含量的相关性均较好。四点线性内插法计算的红边位置往往偏大,最大一阶导数法与叶绿素含量的关系存在着明显的不连续性,拉格朗日内插法、倒高斯模型法在一定程度上存在着对高叶绿素含量的饱和现象,多项式拟合法对拟合波段区间、最高项次及光谱分辨率等比较灵敏而导致结果不够稳定,而线性外推法计算出的红边位置对叶绿素含量最为敏感,预测的准确度最高,且计算相对比较简单,并能适用于较宽波段的遥感数据。在实际应用时还应根据具体情况而选择合适的红边位置提取方法。

关键词：光谱分析高光谱数据叶绿素含量估测红边位置蔬菜

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