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Chemical Activation of S/li2S in li-S Batteries by a Bidirectional Organic Redox Mediator

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 927-934页

作者： li Chengqiu ZHOU Chaoyong MEI Shilin YAO Changjiang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P.R.China Xi’an Safty Energy Technology Co. Ltd.Xi’an710299P.R.China

The energy density and lifespan of prototype li-S batteries under high sulfur loading and lean electrolyte have been mainly restricted by the incomplete interconversion between insulating S8 and *** introduction of an electrocatalyst has been preserved as an effective way to breakthrough the bottleneck of the interconversion ***,we demonstrate a novel bidirectional redox mediator,insoluble dithiobisphthalimide(DTPI),as the electrocatalyst for both S8 reduction and li2S *** to the dual-functional role of both electron/li^(+)donor and acceptor,DTPI can efficiently accelerate the redox reactions during charge/discharge and significantly alleviate the incomplete conversion of sulfur ***,the li-S batteries with DTPI deliver superior specific capacity and cycling stability in comparison with those without ***,the redox mediator is scalable for synthesis and the DTPI-based 5 A·h pouch cell delivers a specific discharge capacity of around 870 mA·h·g^(−1) at 0.1 C(1 C=1675 mA/g)without capacity fading over 80 *** bidirectional catalysis mechanism has been studied through theoretical calculation and ex-situ characterization of the cathode *** work approves the effectiveness of bidirectional organic redox mediator in the construction of practical li-S batteries.

关键词： lithium-sulfur battery(LSB) Dithiobisphthalimide(DTPI) Organic redox mediator Interconversion

Failure mechanisms and surface treatment processes of thermal barrier coatings:Review

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第9期37卷 20-40页

作者： Hao li Shengqiang YANG Xiuhong li Wenhui li College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shan.xi Province Key Laboratory of Precise Machining Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Aeronautics and Astronautics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Thermal Barrier Coatings(TBCs)technology is key to improving the service temperature and the productivity of aircraft *** performance and failure life of TBCs are strongly influenced by surface integrity and ***,recognizing failure mechanisms and developing effective surface treatment processes are crucial for further improving the reliability and durability of *** paper explains the primary reasons for TBC failure,emphasizing on how integrity of surface and interface influences interfacial oxidation,high-temperature erosion,and Calcium-Magnesium-Alumina-Silicate(CMAS)***,this paper completely and rigorously evaluates the research status of TBCs surface treatment processes,including the characteristics and effects of various processes,and describes the requirements and goals of pretreatment and *** addition,a potential direction for the development and application of TBCs surface treatment is suggested.

关键词： Thermal BarrierCoatings(TBCs) Failure Surface treatment processes Processing goals Mass finishing

Perturbed low-thrust geostationary orbit transfer guidance via polynomial costate estimation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 181-193页

作者： Zhao li Hengnian li Fanghua JIANG Junfeng li State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics Xi’an Satellite Control CenterXi’an 710043China School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This paper proposes an optimal,robust,and efficient guidance scheme for the perturbed minimum-time low-thrust transfer toward the geostationary *** Earth’s oblateness perturbation and shadow are taken into *** is difficult for a Lyapunov-based or trajectory-tracking guidance method to possess multiple characteristics at the same time,including high guidance optimality,robustness,and onboard computational *** this work,a concise relationship between the minimum-time transfer problem with orbital averaging and its optimal solution is identified,which reveals that the five averaged initial costates that dominate the optimal thrust direction can be approximately determined by only four initial modified equinoctial orbit elements after a coordinate *** on this relationship,the optimal averaged trajectories constituting the training dataset are randomly generated around a nominal averaged *** polynomial regression models are trained on the training dataset and are regarded as the costate *** the transfer,the spacecraft can obtain the real-time approximate optimal thrust direction by combining the costate estimations provided by the estimators with the current state at any ***,all these computations onboard are *** simulation results show that the proposed guidance scheme possesses extremely high guidance optimality,robustness,and onboard computational efficiency.

关键词： Low thrust Orbital transfer Trajectory optimization Guidance Indirect method Orbital averaging Machine learning Geostationary satellites

Theoretical Analysis of Cooperative Driving at Idealized Unsignalized Intersections

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 257-270页

作者： Shen li Jiawei Zhang Zhenwu Chen li li Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China

Cooperative driving is widely viewed as a promising method to better utilize limited road resources and alleviate traffic *** recent years,several cooperative driving approaches for idealized traffic scenarios(i.e.,uniform vehicle arrivals,lengths,and speeds)have been ***,theoretical analyses and comparisons of these approaches are *** this study,we propose a unified group-by-group zipper-style movement model to describe different approaches synthetically and evaluate their *** derive the maximum throughput for cooperative driving plans of idealized unsignalized intersections and discuss how to minimize the delay of *** obtained conclusions shed light on future cooperative driving studies.

关键词： cooperative driving connected and automated vehicles unsignalized intersection

Effects of mid-passage gap with a variable surface angle on a turbine vane endwall’s aerothermal and film cooling performances

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 20-37页

作者： Zhiyu li Kaiyuan ZHANG Zhigang li Jun li Institute of Turbomachinery Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The mid-passage gap is an inevitable structure in a vane passage due to turbine vanes being manufactured *** coolant from this gap is able to prevent hot mainstream ingression and provide cooling protection for the endwall.A novel idea of enlarging the endwall’s coverage area and reducing the endwall’s thermal load by applying the mid-passage gap with variable surface angles is carried out in this *** endwall’s aerothermal and film cooling performances under four mid-passage gap modes at three typical mass flow ratio conditions are numerically *** indicate that under the traditional mid-passage mode,the coolant flows into the mainstream with a perpendicular incidence angle and can’t stick to the ***,cooling failure occurs,and the endwall’s thermal load is badly *** film cooling level at the suction-side endwall is improved when applying the mid-passage gap of a 45surface angle due to the secondary vortex being *** addition,when applying the mid-passage gap of a 135surface angle,the horseshoe vortex is pushed away,and the coverage area at the pressure-side endwall is enlarged *** best film cooling performance is achieved when the upstream surface angle is 135and the downstream surface angle is 45due to the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness being increased at both the pressure-and suction-side *** the mass flow ratio is 1.5%,the coverage area is enlarged by 43%,and the area-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness is increased by 37%,when compared with those under the traditional mid-passage mode.

关键词： Film cooling Heat transfer Surface angle Mid-passagegap Turbinevane endwall

白鹤东部种群迁徙模式与重要中途停歇地的变化

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林业科学 2020年第2期56卷 123-133页

作者：杨秀林江红星邹畅林王永林宝庆李连山中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室北京100091 吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区管理局镇赉132000 吉林向海国家级自然保护区管理局通榆137215

【目的】分析白鹤的迁徙对策与迁徙模式,甄别20年来中国境内白鹤中途停歇地的分布变化,评价不同尺度下其重要性等级,提出白鹤中途停歇地保护空缺和管理建议。【方法】利用2016—2017年10只卫星跟踪白鹤的定位数据,根据停歇天数不同将中... 详细信息

【目的】分析白鹤的迁徙对策与迁徙模式,甄别20年来中国境内白鹤中途停歇地的分布变化,评价不同尺度下其重要性等级,提出白鹤中途停歇地保护空缺和管理建议。【方法】利用2016—2017年10只卫星跟踪白鹤的定位数据,根据停歇天数不同将中途停歇地划分为4种类型,通过权重赋值进行综合评价,同时利用ArcGIS 10.2的空间分析功能,绘制迁徙路线图,并开展保护空缺分析。【结果】春、秋迁徙季节白鹤往返于繁殖地和越冬地之间的迁徙距离、停歇次数、停歇时长、迁徙阶段长等迁徙参数均不存在差异显著性。春、秋迁徙期共识别中国境内中途停歇地62个和104个,分别属于5停歇区域中的23处和27处停歇单元。重要中途停歇地春、秋季节仅为9个和13个,包括传统的西松嫩平原的黑龙江扎龙、吉林莫莫格和向海国家级自然保护区及其周边地区,以及华北平原的黄河三角洲。新发现的有西松嫩平原的内蒙古图牧吉保护区、辽河平原的辽宁康平卧龙湖省级自然保护区和内蒙古通辽科尔沁沙地东部湿地。重要、一般、临时中途停歇地和休整地分别有36.4%、37.5%、40.7%和72.4%位于现有保护体系之外。总之,西松嫩平原春、秋季节都是白鹤最重要的停歇地区;春季迁徙期,辽河平原次之,黄河三角洲第三;秋季迁徙期,正好相反。长江中下游平原秋季比春季重要,大兴安岭地区春季比秋季重要。【结论】白鹤春、秋迁徙均符合能量消耗最小对策,迁徙路线呈现“8”字形,中国东北西松嫩平原和辽河平原是其狭窄迁徙通道的瓶颈位置。白鹤的迁徙模式为兼性迁徙,在食物匮乏的迁徙节段上采用蹦跳式迁徙,而在食物丰富的迁徙节段上采用轻跳式迁徙。近20年来,白鹤在中国境内的重要中途停歇地分布发生了明显变化。辽河三角洲已不再是白鹤重要中途停歇地,但位于西辽河平原的科尔沁沙地东部是其新发现的重要停歇区域。为确保白鹤的迁徙安全和长久生存,建议对已建保护区的周边重要中途停歇地,依托现有保护管理机构加强监管;对湿地面积小而分散的重要停歇地,如科尔沁沙地东部湿地,建议成立保护小区;对华北平原和长江中下游平原的一些停歇地和休整地,构建跨部门和跨区域的联合保护管理机制。

关键词：白鹤迁徙模式迁徙对策中途停歇地保护空缺

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灰鹤在向海自然保护区觅食生境的选择研究

吉林林业科技 2019年第4期48卷 31-34,36页

作者：李波李连山刘蕾吉林向海国家级自然保护区管理局

本文报导了2017年、2018年向海自然保护区灰鹤迁徙与觅食生境的选择情况,结果表明:灰鹤春季途经向海湿地停歇期较短,为3月上旬-4月中旬,主要在较浅的泡沼及低湿草甸上休息觅食;秋季途经向海湿地停歇期相对较长,为9月中旬-11月中旬,主要... 详细信息

本文报导了2017年、2018年向海自然保护区灰鹤迁徙与觅食生境的选择情况,结果表明:灰鹤春季途经向海湿地停歇期较短,为3月上旬-4月中旬,主要在较浅的泡沼及低湿草甸上休息觅食;秋季途经向海湿地停歇期相对较长,为9月中旬-11月中旬,主要选择在草甸及农田中觅食,以农田为主。

关键词：灰鹤向海自然保护区觅食生境选择研究

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共价有机骨架材料设计及其在分离领域的应用

化学通报 2019年第3期82卷 195-201页

作者：侯郡郡李连山黄进唐智勇武汉理工大学化学化工与生命科学学院武汉430070 国家纳米科学中心纳米系统与多级次制造重点实验室北京100190 西南大学化学化工学院重庆400715

共价有机骨架(COFs)材料是由有机小分子单体通过共价键连接形成的结晶多孔聚合物。与传统的线性聚合物不同的是,COFs可以在二维和三维空间上对其骨架结构进行控制,从而合成具有高度有序的刚性多孔结构,并且能够调节骨架的化学和物理性... 详细信息

共价有机骨架(COFs)材料是由有机小分子单体通过共价键连接形成的结晶多孔聚合物。与传统的线性聚合物不同的是,COFs可以在二维和三维空间上对其骨架结构进行控制,从而合成具有高度有序的刚性多孔结构,并且能够调节骨架的化学和物理性质。这种由COF形成的纳米级孔道和空间为分子存储、释放和分离提供了理想的环境。因此它在能量储存、分离、催化等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文综述了近年来COFs材料的研究进展,主要包括材料的合成策略及其在分离领域的应用,并对COFs材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词：共价有机骨架合成分离多孔材料

The origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 56-75页

作者： Yuan li State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Bayerisches Geoinstitut Universit?t Bayreuth

Nitrogen is a vital element for life on Earth. Its cycling between the surface(atmosphere + crust) and the mantle has a profound influence on the atmosphere and climate. However, our understanding of the origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen is still incomplete. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of Earth's nitrogen budget and the isotope composition of different reservoirs, laboratory constraints on deep nitrogen geochemistry, and our understanding of the origin of Earth's nitrogen and the deep nitrogen cycle through plate subduction and volcanism. The Earth may have acquired its nitrogen heterogeneously during the main accretion phase, initially from reduced, enstatite-chondrite-like impactors,and subsequently from increasingly oxidized impactors and minimal CI-chondrite-like materials. like Earth's surface, the mantle and core are also significant nitrogen reservoirs. The nitrogen abundance and isotope composition of these three reservoirs may have been fundamentally established during the main accretion phase and have been insignificantly modified afterwards by the deep nitrogen cycle, although there is a net nitrogen ingassing into Earth's mantle in modern subduction zones. However, it is estimated that the early atmosphere of Earth may have contained ～1.4 times the present-day atmospheric nitrogen(PAN),with ～0.4 PAN being sequestered into the crust via biotic nitrogen fixation. In order to gain a better understanding of the origin and evolution of Earth's nitrogen, directions for future research are suggested.

关键词： nitrogen isotopes silicate Earth atmosphere magma ocean