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Three-dimensional dynamic characterization of square-nosed slugging phenomena in a fluidized bed

Particuology 2022年第8期20卷 35-46页

作者： Yaswanth Pottimurthy Dawei Wang Cody Park Shalin Patil Andrew Tong lia.g-shih fan Willam g.Lowrie Department of Chermical and Biomolecular Engineering.The Ohio State Univrsity ColumbusOH 43210USA

Slugging represents one of the major regimes in fluidization,which occurs in small diameter beds with large bed height-to-diameter ratio or in large diameter beds with internals that resemble multiple small diameter fluidized *** types include round-nosed slug,wall slug and square nosed *** of the slugs have been mainly focused on round-nosed or wall slugs known as half *** occurring in geldart group A particle *** square-nosed slug typically occurring for geldart group D particles appears to be regarded as simple in its *** Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomogra phy(ECVT)imaging of the square-nosed slugging phenomena conducted in this study reveals *** is the structure of the square nosed slug is,in fact,complex,particularly with respect to its dynamic variation in *** *** study examines experimentally the hydrodynamic character-istics of the square-nosed fluidization ***,simultaneous measurements from multiple ECVT sensors provide non-inv asive,continuous,*** imaging of the entire flow region of the slugging bed and hence enabling the dynamic characterization of the evolution of the *** analysis of the 3D images reconstructed for real time gas-solid volume fraction profile of the slugging fluidized bed indicates that there are three different *** bottom fluidization zone,the gas slug zone,and the solid slug zone,co-existing in the *** three zones present different hydrodynamic characteristics during the slug *** is found that varying the gas velocity of the slugging bed mainly varies the maximum length of the gas slug zone,while it only has a minor effect on the lengths of the bottom fluidization zone and solid slug *** also has an insignificant efect on the solid volume fraction of the three zones.

关键词： gas-solid flow Fluidized bed Square-nosed slugging Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography

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New Insight into the Development of Oxygen Carrier Materials for Chemical Looping Systems

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Engineering 2018年第3期4卷 343-351页

作者： Zhuo Cheng Lang Qin Jonathan A. fan lia.g-shih fan William g. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA Department of Electrical Engineering Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

Chemical looping combustion （CLC） and chemical looping reforming （CLR） are innovative technologies for clean and efficient hydrocarbon conversion into power, fuels, and chemicals through cyclic redox reac- tions. Metal oxide materials play an essential role in the chemical looping redox processes. During reduc- tion, the oxygen carriers donate the required amount of oxygen ions for hydrocarbon conversion and product synthesis. In the oxidation step, the depleted metal oxide oxygen carriers are replenished with molecular oxygen from the air while heat is released. In recent years, there have been significant advances in oxygen carrier materials for various chemical looping applications. Among these metal oxide materials, iron-based oxygen carriers are attractive due to their high oxygen-carrying capacity, cost ben- efits, and versatility in applications for chemical looping reactions. Their reactivity can also be enhanced via structural design and modification. This review discusses recent advances in the development of oxy- gen carrier materials and the mechanisms of hydrocarbon conversion over these materials. These advances will facilitate the development of oxygen carrier materials for more efficient chemical looping technology applications.

关键词： Chemical looping Oxygen carrier Hydrocarbon conversion Ionic diffusion Mechanism

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Magnetic resonance studies of jets in a gas-solid fluidised bed

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Particuology 2012年第2期10卷 161-169页

作者： Meenal Pore Thusara C. Chandrasekera Daniel J. Holland Aining Wang Fei Wang Qussai Marashdeh Michael D. Mantle Andrew J. Sederman lia.g-shih fan Lynn F. gladden John S. Dennis Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3RA United Kingdom The William g. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） has been used to study the behaviour Of jets at the distributor of a 50 mm diameter fluidised bed of 0.5 mm diameter poppy seeds. Two perforated-plate distributors were examined, containing either 10 or 14 holes, each 1 mm diameter. Ultra-fast MR imaging was able to show the transient nature of the upper parts of the jets, where discrete bubbles are formed. Imaging in 3D showed that the central jets were the longest for flow rates below minimum fluidisation. Above minimum fluidisation, the outer jets, nearest the wall of the fluidised bed, arched inward towards the central axis. In this latter case, interpretation of the time-averaged 3D image required the use of ultra-fast MR imaging to identify the approximate height above the distributor at which discrete bubbles were formed. The apparently continuous void extending along the central axis above this height in the time-averaged 3D image was thus identified, using ultra-fast MR imaging, as representing the averaged paths of released bubbles. Time-averaged MR velocity mapping was also used to identify dead zones of stationary particles resting on the distributor between the jets. The dead zones could be observed when the superficial velocity of the gas approached minimum fluidisation, but they were smaller than those observed at lower gas superficial velocity. Comparable images of a single jet through 1.2 mm diameter poppy seeds from MRI and electrical capacitance volume tomography （ECVT） are also demonstrated.

关键词： Fluidised bedMRIECVTJetsDistributor design

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Imaging of the solid flow structure in the exit region of a CFB riser

Imaging of the solid flow structure in the exit region of a ...

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第五届中美化学工程学术会议

作者： Qussai Marashdeh W.Warsito lia.g-shih fan William g.Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityUSA Department of Physics University of IndonesiaIndonesia

＜正＞Electrical capacitance volume tomography（ECVT） is a non-invasive technique for real-time 3D imaging of multi-phase flow *** safety,low cost,and non-invasive nature make it suitable for the qualitative and quantitative measurements of many complex multi-phase *** flexibility of 3D capacitance sensor design and optimization reconstruction algorithms are significant ECVT developments for measurements of vessels with complex *** solid flow structure in the exit region of a circulating fluidized bed （CFB） riser is studied here using *** catalytic cracking catalysts（group A） are used in the *** real-time quantitative 3D solids concentrations in the exit of the riser are obtained by *** experimental results are of great significance for understanding the exit geometry effect on the hydrodynamics of the CFB riser.

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Perovskite solar cell operational stability under vacuum for space application

Perovskite solar cell operational stability under vacuum for...

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第七届新型太阳能电池材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Yan Jiang shih-Chi Yang Stefano Pisoni Thierry Moser fan Fu Ayodhya N.Tiwari Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics Empa–Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology

High power conversion efficiency,high specific power(W/g) and stowed packing efficiency(W/cm

关键词： perovskite solar cell stability vacuum degradation

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铁基移动床化学链技术进展

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化工学报 2014年第7期65卷 2410-2416页

作者：许迪恺 Tong Andrew 曾亮罗四维范良士 William. g. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Koffolt Labs The Ohio State University

在日益增长的能源需求与日益严峻的全球气候变化带来的双重压力下,清洁、高效且经济的能源利用方法显得尤为重要。将化学链概念用于传统化石能源的转化是一种前景广阔的新技术。化学链燃烧利用载氧体间接转化含碳燃料,同时实现二氧化碳... 详细信息

在日益增长的能源需求与日益严峻的全球气候变化带来的双重压力下,清洁、高效且经济的能源利用方法显得尤为重要。将化学链概念用于传统化石能源的转化是一种前景广阔的新技术。化学链燃烧利用载氧体间接转化含碳燃料,同时实现二氧化碳的捕集。俄亥俄州立大学研发了采用铁基载氧体和移动床反应器的化学链技术,可实现天然气、煤、生物质等多种燃料向电力、氢、液体燃料等产品的零排放转化。目前,合成气化学链(syngas chemical looping,SCL)和煤直接化学链(coal direct chemical looping,CDCL)技术两套25 kWth级小试装置已成功运行总计超过850 h,一套250 kWth级的高压SCL装置即将投入示范运行。

关键词：碳捕集化学链燃烧化石能源煤铁基载氧体移动床反应器

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Effect of autologous blood donation on the central venous pressure, blood loss and blood transfusion during living donor left hepatectomy

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4233-4236页

作者： Bruno Jawan Yu-fan Cheng Chia-Chi Tseng Yaw-Sen Chen Chih-Chi Wang Tung-lia.g Huang Hock-Liew Eng Po-Ping Liu King-Wah Chiu shih-Hor Wang Chih-Che Lin Tsan-Shiun Lin Yueh-Wei Liu Chao-Long Chen Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center TaiwanChina Liver Transplantation Program Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center Taiwan China

AIM： Autologous blood donation （ABD） is mainly used to reduce the use of banked blood. In fact, ABD can be regarded as acute blood loss. Would ABD 2-3 d before operation affect the CVP level and subsequently result in less blood loss during liver resection was to be ***： Eighty-four patients undergoing living donor left hepatectomy were retrospectively divided as group Ⅰ （gⅠ） and group Ⅱ （gⅡ） according to have donated 250-300 mL blood 2-3 d before living donor hepatectomy or not. The changes of the intraoperative CVP, surgical blood loss,blood products used and the changes of perioperative hemoglobin （Hb） between groups were analyzed and compared by using Mann-Whitney ***： The results show that the intraoperative CVP changes between gⅠ （n = 35） and gⅡ （n = 49） up to graft procurement were the same, subsequently the blood loss,but ABD resulted in significantly lower perioperative Hb levels in ***： Since none of the patients required any blood products perioperatively, all the predonated bloods were discarded after the patients were discharged from the hospital. It indicates that ABD in current series had no any beneficial effects, in term of cost, lowering the CVP, blood loss and reduce the use of banked blood products, but resulted in significant lower Hb in perioperative period.

关键词： Blood Transfusion, Autologous Central Venous Pressure Hepatectomy Liver Transplantation Living Donors Adult Blood Loss, Surgical control Female Humans Intraoperative Care Male Retrospective Studies

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Organic‐free synthesis of MOR nanoassemblies with excellent DME carbonylation performance

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2021年第9期42卷 1468-1477页

作者： Kaipeng Cao Dong fan Shu Zeng Benhan fan Nan Chen Mingbin gao Dali Zhu Linying Wang Peng Tian Zhongmin Liu National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Seed‐assisted low alkalinity gel system was developed to explore the organic‐free synthesis of *** nanoassemblies with Si/Al ratio(SAR)up to 9.4 and high solid yield(84–94%)weresuccessfully obtained under controlled low alkalinity *** results demonstratethat the acid strength increases in parallel with the SAR,while the total acid amount and theproton distribution in the main channels and the side pockets are similar for the *** protondistribution in the H‐MOR is not straightforwardly related to the Na+distribution in theas‐synthesized MOR,implying the transfer of the protons among the oxygen sites of framework *** to low‐silica samples I‐5.3 and I‐7.4,sample I‐9.4 displays the best mass transferperformance and accessibility of the acid sites by pyridine due to its relatively low Al density andmild dealumination ***,sample I‐9.4(pyridine‐modified catalyst)shows thebest activity with ca.100%selectivity of methyl acetate(MAc)in the DME carbonylation *** high steady MAc yield(6.8 mmol/g/h)over sample I‐9.4 suggests the promising application ofMOR nanoassemblies synthesized by this economical organic‐free strategy.

关键词： MOR zeolite Organic‐free synthesis DME carbonylation Acidity Diffusion

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硅胶负载硫酸铈催化合成苯乙醛缩乙二醇

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日用化学工业 2008年第3期38卷 179-181页

作者：熊斌范乃立涂媛鸿廖维林许招会江西省精细化工重点实验室江西南昌330027 江西师范大学化学化工学院江西南昌330027

以苯乙醛和乙二醇为原料,以硅胶负载硫酸铈(Ce2(SO4)3/S iO2)为催化剂,合成了苯乙醛缩乙二醇,考察了醛醇摩尔比、反应时间、催化剂用量及其稳定性等因素对收率的影响。实验结果表明,较优反应条件为:苯乙醛0.1 mol,n(苯乙醛)∶n(乙二醇)=... 详细信息

以苯乙醛和乙二醇为原料,以硅胶负载硫酸铈(Ce2(SO4)3/S iO2)为催化剂,合成了苯乙醛缩乙二醇,考察了醛醇摩尔比、反应时间、催化剂用量及其稳定性等因素对收率的影响。实验结果表明,较优反应条件为:苯乙醛0.1 mol,n(苯乙醛)∶n(乙二醇)=1.0∶1.5,催化剂用量0.2 g,带水剂环己烷12 mL,回流反应2.0 h,苯乙醛缩乙二醇的产率可达96.0%以上。

关键词：香料苯乙醛缩乙二醇硅胶负载硫酸铈

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中央灰质内注射去甲肾上腺素对刺激兔下丘脑诱发室性期前收缩的影响

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生理学报 1984年第3期36卷 247-254页

作者：李立恒郭学勤贾瑞菊范世铎李鹏上海第一医学院生理学教研室上海第一医学院生理学教研室上海第一医学院生理学教研室昆明医学院生理学教研室进修教师中国医科大学生理学教研室进修教师

家兔用乌拉坦（700mg/kg）和氯醛糖（35mg/kg）静脉麻醉,用三碘季铵酚制动,在人工呼吸下进行实验。用电刺激下丘脑近中线区的方法诱发室性期前收缩（HVE）。中脑中央灰质（Cg）内微量注射去甲肾上腺素（NA,4μg/2μl）对 HVE 有易化效应... 详细信息

家兔用乌拉坦（700mg/kg）和氯醛糖（35mg/kg）静脉麻醉,用三碘季铵酚制动,在人工呼吸下进行实验。用电刺激下丘脑近中线区的方法诱发室性期前收缩（HVE）。中脑中央灰质（Cg）内微量注射去甲肾上腺素（NA,4μg/2μl）对 HVE 有易化效应,使 HVE 次数增多。微量注射β-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂心得宁（2μg/2μl）使 HVE 次数明显减少,而α-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂酚妥拉明（2μg/2μl）则对 HVE 次数无明显减少作用。事先在 Cg 内微量注射心得宁也可阻断 Cg 内注入 NA 对 HVE 的易化效应。在 Cg 内注射 NA 后,再在 Cg 内微量注射吗啡,后者对 HVE 的抑制效应仍然存在。但在 gg 内注射 NA 可减少或消除刺激腓深神经对 HVE 的抑制作用。上述结果提示,在 Cg 内β-受体的激活可增加 HVE 次数。刺激腓深神经对 HVE 的抑制作用可能部份是通过内源性吗啡样物质抑制 Cg 内 NA 的释放而实现的。

关键词：去甲肾上腺素室性期前收缩腓深神经中央灰质

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