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数字经济时代毕业生高质量就业:挑战、机遇与对策

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中国大学生就业 2024年第1期 102-112页

作者：张冰华刘明浩华北电力大学学生处华北电力大学数理系

当前,人工智能等新一代信息技术快速融入实体经济,推动数据成为经济发展关键生产要素,大力发展数字经济已经成为全球共识。数字经济引发的产业结构转型升级、非标准就业增加等一系列变化给毕业生高质量就业带来了机遇与挑战。为引导毕... 详细信息

当前,人工智能等新一代信息技术快速融入实体经济,推动数据成为经济发展关键生产要素,大力发展数字经济已经成为全球共识。数字经济引发的产业结构转型升级、非标准就业增加等一系列变化给毕业生高质量就业带来了机遇与挑战。为引导毕业生正确认识与把握数字经济带来的就业机遇与挑战,需要政府、企业、高校等主体进一步加强产学研合作,充分激活数字经济就业促进效应、深化数字化人才培养教育体系改革、构建数字化人才“选用育留”长效机制等,推动毕业生提升数字能力,实现高质量就业。

关键词：数字经济高质量就业毕业生人工智能产学研合作

Current Status of Objectification of Four Diagnostic Methods on Constitution Recognition of Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第12期28卷 1137-1146页

作者： LI Cong-cong YAN Xin-sheng liu ming-hao TENG Gui-fa School of Information Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei Province 071001China Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data BaodingHebei Province 071001China

Chinese medicine(CM)has thousands of years of experience in prevention of *** for CM,people's constitution is closely related to their health status,thus recognition of CM constitution is the fundamental and core contentof research on constitution *** development of technologies such as sensors,arificial intelligence and big data,objectification of the four diagnostic methods of CM has gradually matured,bringing changes in the mindset and innovations in technical means for recognition of CM *** paper presents a systematic review of the latest research trends in constitution recognition based on objectification of diagnostic methods in CM.

关键词： Chinese medicine constitution recognition four diagnostic methods objectification machine learning deep learning

PUC固化路基融化夹层强度及耐冻融性能研究

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地基处理 2024年第S1期6卷 7-14页

作者：王钰如牛富俊刘明浩王子一中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学与冻土工程重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

多年冻土退化导致路基融化夹层(SSLT)数量增加、范围扩大、埋深加剧,其含水量高、压缩性大、承载力低的特点,威胁多年冻土区基础设施安全运行。因此,开展融化夹层的处置研究工作,对寒区基础设施的维护和修复至关重要。为此,本文提出借... 详细信息

多年冻土退化导致路基融化夹层(SSLT)数量增加、范围扩大、埋深加剧,其含水量高、压缩性大、承载力低的特点,威胁多年冻土区基础设施安全运行。因此,开展融化夹层的处置研究工作,对寒区基础设施的维护和修复至关重要。为此,本文提出借鉴软土加固技术对其进行加固,采用亲水性聚氨酯(WPU)及改性水泥基地聚物材料(PUC)为固化剂,研究对SSLT的加固效果。结果表明,WPU固化SSLT试样呈弹性特征,压缩强度随WPU掺量增加而增大;当SSLT含水量分别为35%、40%和50%时,WPU最佳掺量分别为6%、10%和15%;冻融循环降低固化土无侧限抗压强度,冻融循环15次,掺入WPU和未掺入WPU固化土强度损失率分别为43.11%和49.38%;微观分析表明,PUC固化剂固化SSLT强度的增加,一部分是WPU充填、包裹、胶结土颗粒增加土体密实度,一部分来自水泥水化过程。本文为寒区老旧路基改造及提高其安全稳定运营提供一种新的解决思路。

关键词：多年冻土融化夹层路基加固亲水性聚氨酯无侧限抗压强度冻融循环

Strategic regulation of nitrogen-containing intermediates for enhanced nitrate reduction over Co_(3)O_(4)/SiC catalyst having multiple active centers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 291-299页

作者： ming-hao Guan hao-Nan Xu Jin liu Tao Wu An-Hui Lu State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon ResourcesSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina

Regulating the intermediates involved in the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)is crucial for the enhancement of reaction ***,it remains a great challenge to regulate the reaction intermediates through active site manipulation on the surface of the ***,a family of n%-Co_(3)O_(4)/SiC(n=5,8,12,20)catalysts with a delicate percentage of Co^(2+)and Co^(3+)were prepared for NO_(3)*** found that Co^(3+)primarily acts as the active site for NO_(3)^(−)reduction to NO_(2)^(−),while Co^(2+)is responsible for the conversion of NO_(2)^(−)to NH_(3).Moreover,the conversion of these intermediates over the active sites is autonomous and separately *** processes synergistically accomplish the reduction of nitrate ions to synthesize *** the experimental studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,it is discovered the pathway(^(*)NHO→^(*)NHOH→^(*)NH_(2)OH→^(*)NH_(2)→^(*)NH_(3))is more favorable due to the lowerΔG value(0.25 eV)for the rate-limiting step(^(*)NO→^(*)NHO).The NH_(3)yield rate of 8%-Co_(3)O_(4)/SiC reached 1.08 mmol/(cm^(2)h)with a Faradaic efficiency of 96.4%at−0.89 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),surpassing those of most reported non-noble NO_(3)RR *** strategy not only provides an efficient catalyst for NO_(3)RR but also serves as an illustrative model for the regulation of multi-step reaction intermediates through the design of distinct active sites,thereby presenting a new approach to enhance the efficiency of intricate reactions.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Nitratereduction Co_(3)O_(4)/SiC catalysts Intermediates control

Integrating machine learning and CALPHAD method for exploring low-modulus near-β-Ti alloys

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 309-323页

作者： hao Zou Yue-Yan Tian Li-Gang Zhang Ren-hao Xue Zi-Xuan Deng ming-ming Lu Jian-Xin Wang Li-Bin liu School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Traditional theoretical and empirical calculation methods can guide the design of β-and metastable β-alloys for bio-titanium. However, it is still difficult to obtain novel near-β-Ti alloys with low modulus. This study developed a method that combines machine learning with calculation of phase diagrams(CALPHAD) to facilitate the design of near-β-Ti alloys. An elastic modulus database of Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo–Ta–Sn system was constructed first, and then three features(the electron to atom ratio, mean absolute deviation of atom mass, and mean electronegativity) were selected as the key factors of modulus by performing a three-step feature selection. With these features, a highly accurate model was built for predicting the modulus of near-β-Ti alloys. To further ensure the accuracy of modulus prediction, machine learning with the elastic constants calculated was leveraged by CALPHAD database. The root mean square error of the well-trained model can be as low as 6.75 GPa. Guided by the prediction of machine learning and CALPHAD, three novel near-β-Ti alloys with elastic modulus below 50 GPa were successfully designed in this study. The best candidate alloy(Ti–26Nb–4Zr–4Sn–1Mo–Ta) exhibits an ultra-low modulus(36.6 GPa) after cold rolling with a thickness reduction of 20%. Our method can greatly save time and resources in the development of novel Ti alloys, and experimental verifications have demonstrated the reliability of this method.

关键词： Near-β-Ti alloy Machine learning Calculation of phase diagram Low-modulus alloy Feature selection

Discharge evolution law of debris flow based on a sharp bend physical modeling test

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1904-1915页

作者： LU ming SUN hao liu Jinfeng Abrar HUSSAIN SHANG Yuqi FU Hang Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

For the basins with debris flow development,its channel terrain exhibits a tortuous shape,which significantly restricts the movement of debris flows and leads to severe erosion effects on the concave ***,this study aims to analyze the shear force of debris flows within the bend *** established the relationship between the shear force and bend curvature through laboratory *** the long-term erosion by debris flows,the curvature radius of bends gradually increases,however,when this increasing trend reaches an equilibrium state with the intensity of debris flow discharge,there will be no significant change in curvature *** general,the activity pattern and discharges of debris flows would remain relatively ***,we can infer the magnitude of debris flow discharges from the terrain parameters of the bend channel.

关键词： Debris flow discharge Erosion effect Bend channel Curvature radius

A Stable Copper-based Metal-Azolate Framework for Efficient Electroreduction of CO_(2)to C_(2+)Products

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第4期40卷 664-669页

作者： liu Yuan-Yuan ZHU hao-Lin LIAO Pei-Qin CHEN Xiao-ming Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Ministry of EducationGBRCE for Functional Molecular EngineeringSchool of ChemistryIGCMESun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P.R.China Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou515031P.R.China

Driven by renewable or excess electrical energy,electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)represents a promising carbon-neutral approach to generating valuable low-carbon fuels by consuming CO_(2)and H_(2)O.C_(2+)products are one of the most economically valuable products among the reduction species of eCO_(2)RR,but there are still some challenges,such as low selectivity or low current *** this work,we showed that a copper-based metal-azolate framework(MAF),denoted as MAF-203,exhibits the high performance of eCO_(2)RR to yield C_(2+)products with the Faradaic efficiency(C_(2+))of 52.5%and a current density of 660 mA/cm^(2)at-1.2 V *** in a flow cell device under alkaline *** experiment,in situ infrared spectroscopy and the density functional theory(DFT)calculations showed that the electron donating effect of methyl substituents on organic ligands of the copper-based MAF could enhance the ligand field and activation of key intermediates(*CO and*CHO species),thus promoting the coupling of*CO and*CHO for yielding C_(2+)products.

关键词： Metal-organic framework Carbon dioxide Electroreduction C_(2+)product Metal-azolate framework

Fractal model of spontaneous imbibition in low-permeability reservoirs coupled with heterogeneity of pore seepage channels and threshold pressure

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1002-1017页

作者： ming-Sheng Zuo hao Chen Xi-Liang liu Hai-Peng liu Yi Wu Xin-Yu Qi National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

Spontaneous imbibition(SI)is an important mechanism for enhancing oil recovery in low-permeability *** to the strong heterogeneity,and the non-Darcy flow,the construction of SI model for lowpermeability reservoirs is extremely ***,traditional SI models based on single or averaged capillary tortuosity ignore the influence of heterogeneity of pore seepage channels and the threshold pressure(TP)on ***,in this work,based on capillary model and fractal theory,a mathematical model of characterizing SI considering heterogeneity of pore seepage channels is *** this basis,the threshold pressure was introduced to determine the pore radius at which the wetted phase can displace *** proposed new SI model was verified by imbibition experimental *** study shows that for weakly heterogeneous cores with permeability of 0-1 m D,the traditional SI model can characterize the imbibition process relatively accurately,and the new imbibition model can increase the coefficient of determination by 1.05 ***,traditional model has serious deviations in predicting the imbibition recovery for cores with permeability of 10-50 m *** new SI model coupling with heterogeneity of pore seepage channels and threshold pressure effectively solves this problem,and the determination coefficient is increased from 0.344 to 0.922,which is increased by2.68 *** low-permeability reservoirs,the production of the oil in transitional pores(0.01-0.1μm)and mesopores(0.1-1μm)significantly affects the imbibition recovery,as the research shows that when the heterogeneity of pore seepage channels is ignored,the oil recovery in transitional pores and mesopores decreases by 7.54%and 4.26%,*** analysis shows that increasing interfacial tension,decreasing contact angle,oil-water viscosity ratio and threshold pressure will increase imbibition *** addition,there are critical values for the influence of these factors o

关键词： Spontaneous imbibition Low-permeability reservoir Fractal model Threshold pressure Capillary tube

Ambient electrocatalytic synthesis of urea by co-reduction of NO_(3)^(-) and CO_(2) over graphene-supported In_(2)O_(3)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 538-543页

作者： Yini Mao Yong Jiang hao liu Yimin Jiang ming Li Wei Su Rongxing He Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing(Southwest University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization(Nanning Normal University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Life ScienceNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530000China

Urea plays a vital role in the sustainable development of mankind as it is one of the most important nitrogen *** synthesis of urea is accompanied by a high level of energy consumption while electrocatalytic methods suffer from low yields and poor *** work achieves efficient synthesis of urea by designing the graphene-In_(2)O_(3)electrocatalysts for the co-activated reduction of nitrate and carbon dioxide,where the formation rate of urea,Faraday efficiency(FE)and carbon selectivity at-0.35 V *** can reach 357.47μg mg^(-1)h^(-1),10.46%and~100%,***,the key intermediates in the C–N coupling reaction are demonstrated to be*NH_(2)and*CO_(2),which is of novelty compared to previous *** work may provide inspiration for subsequent studies on the reaction mechanism of the electrochemical synthesis of urea,as well as theoretical guidance for the sustainable synthesis of some other important chemical substances.

关键词： Graphene-supported In_(2)O_(3) Dispersion effect Efficient C-N coupling Key intermediate Urea