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Protective effect of recombinant human IL-1Ra on CCl_4-induced acute liver injury in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第22期16卷 2771-2779页

作者： zhu, Run-Zhi Xiang, Di Xie, Chao li, Jing-Jing Hu, Jian-Jun He, Hong-lin yuan, yun-Sheng Gao, Jin han, wei yu, Yan Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Agr & Biol Shanghai Municipal Key Lab Vet Biotechnol Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Lab Regenerat Sch Pharm Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Cornell Univ Dept Food Sci Ithaca NY 14853 USA Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Coll Med Shanghai Peoples Hosp 6 Dept Infect Dis Shanghai 200233 Peoples R China

AIM: To evaluate the effects of positive regulation of recombinant human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1Ra) on hepatic tissue recovery in acute liver injury in mice induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). METHODS: Acute liver damage was induced by injecting 8-wk-old mice with CCl 4 1 mL/kg (1:3 dilution in corn oil) intraperitoneally (ip). Survival after liver failure was assessed by injecting 8-wk-old mice with a lethal dose of CCl 4 2.6 mL/kg (1:1 dilution in corn oil) ip. Mice were subcutaneously injected with 1 mg/kg recombinant human IL-1Ra twice a day after CCl 4 treatment for 5 d. Serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined with a commercial assay kit. Serum IL-1β, IL-1Ra levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine liver IL-1β, IL-1Ra and IL-6 expression during CCl 4-induced acute liver injury. liver sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. A histology-injury grading system was used to evaluate the degree of necrosis after acute liver injury. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining was used to evaluate the role of rhIL-1Ra in promoting hepatocyte proliferation. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis showed a higher level of IL-6 mRNA expression and reduced serum AST and ALT levels in the livers of the rhIL-1Ra-treated group at the early phase of CCl 4-induced acute liver injury. Histological examination indicated a decrease in centrilobular necrotic areas in mice treated with rhIL-1Ra, and a novel role of rhIL-1Ra in promoting hepatocyte proliferation was also supported by an increase of PCNA staining. All these results, accompanied by a strong survival benefit in rhIL-1Ra-treated vs PBS-treated groups, demonstrated that rhIL-1Ra administration ameliorated the histological damage and accelerated the regeneration and recovery process of the liver. CONCLUSION: rhIL-1Ra could be further developed as a

关键词： Recombinant human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist Carbon tetrachloride liver injury Hepatocyte proliferation

Experimental study on the gas-stripping chamber of an E//B neutral particle analyzer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第11期35卷 98-107页

作者： Long Ma De-Hao Xie Yan-Xi Wang Shuo Wang Ji-Feng han wei-Ping lin Jian-li liu Xing-Quan liu yu-Guo liu Xiao-Bing Luo yuan Luo Guo-Feng Qu yu-Fan Qu Pei-Pei Ren Roy Wada lin-Ge Zang Jing-Jun zhu Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education Institute of Nuclear Science and TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610218China Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Stripping units take a key role in the neutral particle analyzer(NPA).A renovated gas-stripping unit was constructed for the newly designed E//B *** H_(2)as the working gas,we measured the gas inlet pressure(P_(0))and vacuum chamber pressure(P_(3)).The pressure distribution inside the gas-stripping room was calculated with Ansys Fluent,using the measured P_(0)and P_(3)as boundary *** stripping efficiency of the stripping unit was then simulated utilizing the Geant4 Monte Carlo code for the H and D *** pressure P_(0)=40 Pa,which is one-sixth of what found in the previous design and corresponds to a thickness of 1.27×10^(17)atoms∕cm^(2),was obtained as the optimum working pressure for the upgraded stripping *** 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance(ECR)ion source platform was designed and constructed for E//B NPA calibration,and its performance has been *** the ECR ion source platform,we measured the efficiency of the stripping unit through an inverse experiment with proton *** compared the current ratios of measurements with and without H_(2)gas to Geant4 simulation *** found adequate agreement between the overall trends of the experiment and the *** significant deviation for incident energies below 20 keV may result from the scattering effects of low-energy protons,leading to reduced accuracy in single-scattering physics in Geant4 *** the scattering corrections observed in the reverse experiments obtains more accurate stripping efficiencies for H and D atoms in the energy range of 20–200 keV and the global efficiency with the maximum values of 95.0%for H atoms and 78.9%for D atoms at 200 keV.

关键词： NPA Gas-stripping ECR ion source Stripping efficiency Geant4

Scintillation Arc from FRB 20220912A

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 134-142页

作者： Zi-wei Wu Robert AMain wei-wei zhu Bing Zhang Peng Jiang Jia-Rui Niu Jin-lin han Di li Ke-Jia Lee Dong-Zi li yuan-Pei Yang Fa-Yin Wang Rui Luo Pei Wang Chen-Hui Niu Heng Xu Bo-Jun Wang wei-Yang Wang Yong-Kun Zhang Yi Feng De-Jiang Zhou Yong-Hua Xu Can-Min Deng yu-Hao zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Bonn 53121Germany Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Nevada Center for Astrophysics and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA CAS Key Laboratory of FAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China NAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Centre University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of TechnologyPasadena 91125USA South-Western Institute For Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650504China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics(Nanjing University) Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China CSIRO Space and Astronomy Epping 1710Australia Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Materials ScienceGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics Department of PhysicsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

We present the interstellar scintillation analysis of fast radio burst(FRB)20220912A during its extremely active episode in 2022using data from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST).We detect a scintillation arc in the FRB’s secondary spectrum,which describes the power in terms of the scattered FRB signals’time delay and Doppler *** arc indicates that the scintillation is caused by a highly localized *** analysis favors a Milky Way origin of the ionized interstellar medium(IISM)for the localized scattering medium but cannot rule out a host galaxy *** present our method for detecting the scintillation arc,which can be applied generally to sources with irregularly spaced bursts or *** methods could help shed light on the complex interstellar environment surrounding the FRBs and in our Galaxy.

关键词： fast radio burst scintillation FRB 20220912A

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Double-network hydrogel enhanced by SS31-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles:Symphonic collaboration of near-infrared photothermal antibacterial effect and mitochondrial maintenance for full-thickness wound healing in diabetes mellitus

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 409-428页

作者： Qing-Song Deng yuan Gao Bi-yu Rui Xu-Ran li Po-lin liu Zi-Yin han Zhan-Ying wei Chang-Ru Zhang Fei Wang Helen Dawes Tong-He zhu Shi-Cong Tao Shang-Chun Guo Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine600 Yishan RoadShanghai200233China School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University227 South Chongqing RoadShanghai200025China Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine600 Yishan RoadShanghai200233China Department of Rheumatology The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNo.29XinglongxiangTianning DistrictChangzhou213000China Shanghai Clinical Research Centre of Bone Diseases Department of Osteoporosis and Bone DiseasesShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo.639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research CenterShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200125China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin Second RoadShanghai200025China Faculty of Health and life Science Oxford Brookes UniversityHeadington RoadOxfordOX30BPUK NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre OxfordOX37JXUK College of Medicine and Health St Lukes CampusUniversity of ExeterHeavitree RoadExeterEX12LUUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent EquipmentShanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-Coding RNAInstitute for Frontier Medical TechnologyShanghai University of

Diabetic wound healing has become a serious healthcare *** high-glucose environment leads to persistent bacterial infection and mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in chronic inflammation,abnormal vascular function,and tissue *** solve these issues,we developed a double-network hydrogel,constructed with pluronic F127 diacrylate(F127DA)and hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA),and enhanced by SS31-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA NPs).As components,SS31,a mitochondria-targeted peptide,maintains mitochondrial function,reduces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)and thus regulates macrophage polarization,as well as promoting cell proliferation and migration,while MPDA NPs not only scavenge ROS and exert an anti-bacterial effect by photothermal treatment under near-infrared light irradiation,but also control release of SS31 in response to *** F127DA/HAMA-MPDA@SS31(FH-M@S)hydrogel has characteristics of adhesion,superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties which can adapt to irregular wounds at different body sites and provide sustained release of MPDA@SS31(M@S)*** addition,in a diabetic rat full thickness skin defect model,the FH-M@S hydrogel promoted macrophage M2 polarization,collagen deposition,neovascularization and wound ***,the FH-M@S hydrogel exhibits promising therapeutic potential for skin regeneration.

关键词： Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA NPs) SS31 Photothermal antibacterial Mitochondrial function maintenance Diabetic wound healing

Prospective study of light dark matter search with a newly proposed DarkSHINE experiment

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第1期66卷 124-138页

作者： Jing Chen Ji-yuan Chen Jun-Feng Chen Xiang Chen Chang-Bo Fu Jun Guo Le He Zheng-Ting He Kim Siang Khaw Jia-lin li liang li Shu li Meng Lv Dan-Ning liu han-Qing liu Kun liu Qi-Bin liu Yang liu Ze-Jia Lu Cen Mo Si-yuan Song Xiao-Long Wang yu-Feng Wang Zhen Wang Zi-Rui Wang wei-Hao Wu Dao Xiang Hai-Jun Yang Jun-Hua Zhang yu-Lei Zhang Zhi-yu Zhao Xu-liang zhu Chun-Xiang zhu Yi-Fan zhu tsung-DaoLee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE) Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology(SKLPPC)Shanghai 200240China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 10087lChina School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Electronics Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China R&D Center Shanghai Instituteof CeramicsChinese Academyof SciencesShanghai 20189China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and lon-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China IKey Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MOE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study Shanghai JiaoTong UniversityShanghai 200240.China College of literature Scienceand the ArtsUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109-1040USA Deparment of Physics Swiss Federal Institnute of Technology ZurichZurich 8093Swizerland

Dark photons have been well motivated as strong candidates for dark force carriers and light dark matter in the sub-GeV mass *** with collider experiments,fixed-target experiments provide a complementary approach to searching for dark photons,particularly in the lower mass *** have studied the physics potential of the electron-on-target experiment based on the Shanghai SHINE facility,which provides 10 MHz single electron beam at 8 GeV *** analysis focuses on dark photons being produced via electron and nucleon interaction and then decays to dark matter candidates,which escape detection as missing momentum in the *** experiment takes advantage of using missing momentum to enhance signal versus background separation *** this study,signal samples as a function of dark photon mass and an inclusive background sample with 2.5 billion events are simulated with *** better background estimates,major rare background processes have also been *** paper presents the experiment and detector design,signal and background simulations,analysis strategy,and the prospective study of the experiment *** 9×10^(14) electron-on-target events(about three years running),this experiment is expected to rule out most of the sensitive regions predicted by popular dark photon models.

关键词： dark matter dark photon electron-on-target experiment

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Study of the response of 10B-doped MCP to wide-energy range neutrons from eV to MeV

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 132-141页

作者： Qiang li li‑Jiao Wang Xiang‑Biao Qiu Jing‑Wen li wei Xu Tao li Ze‑Bin lin Chang‑Jun Ning Yong‑Hao Chen Rui‑Rui Fan Kang Sun Jing‑yu Tang Rong Zhang han‑Tao Jing Bo Mei Qi An Hao‑Fan Bai Jiang‑Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi‑Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng‑Qi Cui An‑Chuan Fan Chang‑Qing Feng Fan‑Zhen Feng Ke‑Qing Gao Min‑Hao Gu Chang‑Cai han Zi‑Jie han Guo‑zhu He Yong‑Cheng He Yang Hong Yi‑wei Hu han‑Xiong Huang wei‑Hua Jia Hao‑yu Jiang wei Jiang Zhi‑Jie Jiang Zheng‑Yao Jin ling Kang Bo li Chao li Gong li Jia‑Wen li Xiao li Yang li Jie liu Rong liu Shu‑Bin liu Guang‑yuan Luan Bin‑Bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi‑Zhou Ren Xi‑Chao Ruan Zhao‑Hui Song Zhi‑Xin Tan Sheng‑Da Tang Peng‑Cheng Wang Zhao‑Hui Wang Zhong‑wei Wen Xiao‑Guang Wu Xuan Wu li‑Kun Xie Yi‑wei Yang han Yi Yong‑Ji yu Guo‑Hui Zhang lin‑Hao Zhang Mo‑han Zhang Qi‑wei Zhang Xian‑Peng Zhang yu‑liang Zhang yue Zhang Zhi‑Yong Zhang Mao‑yuan Zhao Lu‑Ping Zhou Zhi‑Hao Zhou Ke‑Jun zhu Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Songshan Lake Future School Dongguan 523808China North Night Vision Science&Technology(Nanjing)Research Institute Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211106China Sino‑French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China USTC Archaeometry Lab University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Neutron-sensitive microchannel plates(nMCPs)have applications in neutron detection,including energy spectrum measurements,neutron-induced cross sections,and neutron imaging.10B-doped MCPs(B-MCPs)have attracted significant attention owing to their potential for exhibiting a high neutron detection efficiency over a large neutron energy *** spatial and temporal resolutions are useful for neutron energy-resolved ***,their practical applications still face many technical *** this study,a B-MCP with 10 mol%10B was tested for its response to wide-energy neutrons from eV to MeV at the Back-n white neutron source at the China Spallation Neutron *** neutron detection efficiency was calibrated at 1 eV,which is approximately 300 times that of an ordinary MCP and indicates the success of 10 B *** factors that caused the reduction in the detection efficiency were simulated and *** neutron energy spectrum obtained using B-MCP was compared with that obtained by other measurement methods,and showed very good consistency for neutron energies below tens of *** response is more complicated at higher neutron energy,at which point the elastic and nonelastic reactions of all nuclides of B-MCP gradually become *** is beneficial for the detection of neutrons,as it compensates for the detection efficiency of B-MCP for high-energy neutrons.

关键词： Neutron radiation image 10B-doped MCP Neutron response Wide-energy range neutrons

Measurement of the ^(232)Th(n,f)cross section in the 1-200 MeV range at the CSNS Back-n

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第8期34卷 142-153页

作者： Zhi-Zhou Ren Yi-wei Yang Yong-Hao Chen Rong liu Bang-Jiao Ye Jie Wen Hai-Rui Guo Zi-Jie han Qi-Ping Chen Zhong-wei Wen wei-li Sun han Yi Xing-Yan liu Tao Ye Jiang-Bo Bai Qi An Jie Bao yu Bao Ping Cao Hao-Lei Chen Zhen Chen Zeng-Qi Cui Rui-Rui Fan Chang-Qing Feng Ke-Qing Gao Xiao-Long Gao Min-Hao Gu Chang-Cai han Guo-zhu He Yong-Cheng He Yang Hong Yi-wei Hu han-Xiong Huang Xi-Ru Huang Hao-yu Jiang wei Jiang Zhi-Jie Jiang han-Tao Jing ling Kang Bo li Chao li Jia-Wen li Qiang li Xiao li Yang li Jie liu Shu-Bin liu Ze Long Guang-yuan Luan Chang-Jun Ning Meng-Chen Niu Bin-Bin Qi Jie Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Zhao-Hui Song Kang Sun Zhi-Jia Sun Zhi-Xin Tan Jing-yu Tang Xin-Yi Tang Bin-Bin Tian li-Jiao Wang Peng-Cheng Wang Zhao-Hui Wang Xiao-Guang Wu Xuan Wu li-Kun Xie Xiao-yun Yang li yu Tao yu Yong-Ji yu Guo-Hui Zhang lin-Hao Zhang Qi-wei Zhang Xian-Peng Zhang yu-liang Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Lu-Ping Zhou Zhi-Hao Zhou Ke-Jun zhu Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Engineering and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The ^(232)Th(n,f)cross section is very important in basic nuclear physics and applications based on the Th/U fuel *** the time-of-flight method and a multi-cell fast-fission ionization chamber,a novel measurement of the^(232)Th(n,f)cross sec-tion relative to^(235)U in the 1–200 MeV range was performed at the China Spallation Neutron Source Back-n white neutron source(Back-n).The fission event-neutron energy spectra of^(232)Th and^(235)U fission cells were measured in the single-bunch *** 232Th/235U fission cross-sectional ratios were obtained,and the measurement uncertainties were 2.5–3.7%for energies in the 2–20 MeV range and 3.6–6.2%for energies in the 20–200 MeV ***^(232)Th(n,f)cross section was obtained by introducing the standard cross section of^(235)U(n,f).The results were compared with those of previous theoreti-cal calculations,measurements,and *** measured 232Th fission cross section agreed with the main evaluation results in terms of the experimental uncertainty,and 232Th fission resonances were observed in the 1–3 MeV *** present results provide^(232)Th(n,f)cross-sectional data for the evaluation and design of Th/U cycle nuclear systems.

关键词： 232Th(n f)cross section Fast-fission ionization chamber Back-n white neutron source

Measurement of the neutron total cross section of carbon at the Back-n white neutron beam of CSNS

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第9期30卷 73-82页

作者： Xing-Yan liu Yi-wei Yang Rong liu Jie Wen Zhong-wei Wen Zi-Jie han Zhi-Zhou Ren Qi An Huai-Yong Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi-Ping Chen Yong-Hao Chen Pin-Jing Cheng Zeng-Qi Cui Rui-Rui Fan Chang-Qing Feng Min-Hao Gu Feng-Qin Guo Chang-Cai han Guo-zhu He Yong-Cheng He yue-Feng He han-Xiong Huang wei-ling Huang Xi-Ru Huang Xiao-Lu Ji Xu-Yang Ji Hao-yu Jiang wei Jiang han-Tao Jing ling Kang Ming-Tao Kang Bo li Lun li Qiang li Xiao li Yang li Yang li Shu-Bin liu Guang-yuan Luan Ying-lin Ma Chang-Jun Ning Bin-Bin Qi Jie Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Zhao-Hui Song Hong Sun Xiao-Yang Sun Zhi-Jia Sun Zhi-Xin Tan Hong-Qing Tang Jing-yu Tang Peng-Cheng Wang Qi Wang Tao-Feng Wang Yan-Feng Wang Zhao-Hui Wang Zheng Wang Qing-Biao Wu Xiao-Guang Wu Xuan Wu li-Kun Xie han Yi li yu Tao yu Yong-Ji yu Guo-Hui Zhang Jing Zhang lin-Hao Zhang li-Ying Zhang Qing-Min Zhang Qi-wei Zhang Xian-Peng Zhang yu-liang Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Ying-Tan Zhao liang Zhou Zu-Ying Zhou Dan-Yang zhu Ke-Jun zhu Peng zhu Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking University Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic Energy Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Spallation Neutron Source Science Center University of South China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Department of Engineering and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of China Beihang University Xi’an Jiaotong University

To verify the performance of the neutron total cross-sectional spectrometer, the neutron total cross section of carbon is initially measured in the energy range of 1 eV to 20 MeV using the time-of-flight method. The measurement is performed at the Back-n white neutron source with a 76-m time-of-flight path using the China Spallation Neutron Source. A multilayer fast fission chamber with 235U and 238U is employed as the neutron detector. The diameter and thickness of the natural graphite sample are 70 mm and 40 mm, respectively. Signal waveforms are collected using a data acquisition system. Off-line data processing was used to obtain the neutron time-of-flight spectra and transmissions. The uncertainty of the counting statistics is generally approximately 3% for each bin in the energy range of 1–20 MeV. It is determined that the results for the neutron total cross section of carbon obtained using ^235U cells are in good agreement with the results obtained using 238U cells within limits of statistical uncertainty. Moreover, the measured total cross sections show good agreement with the broadening evaluated data.

关键词： CSNS Back-n white neutron source NTOX Neutron total cross section Carbon Multilayer fast fission chamber

Large circuit models: opportunities and challenges

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 25-66页

作者： Lei CHEN Yiqi CHEN zhufei CHU Wenji FANG tsung-Yi HO Ru HUANG yu HUANG Sadaf Khan Min li Xingquan li yu li yun liANG Jinwei liU Yi liU Yibo lin Guojie LUO Hongyang PAN Zhengyuan SHI Guangyu SUN Dimitrios TSARAS Runsheng WANG Ziyi WANG Xinming wei Zhiyao XIE Qiang XU Chenhao XUE Junchi YAN Jun YANG Bei yu Mingxuan yuAN Evangeline F.Y.YOUNG Xuan ZENG Haoyi ZhanG Zuodong ZhanG yuxiang ZHAO Hui-ling ZHEN Ziyang ZHENG Binwu zhu Keren zhu Sunan ZOU Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab School of Integrated Circuits Peking University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Integrated Circuits Southeast University Huawei HiSilicon Peng Cheng Laboratory School of Computer Science Peking University School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and System Fudan University School of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Within the electronic design automation(EDA) domain, artificial intelligence(AI)-driven solutions have emerged as formidable tools, yet they typically augment rather than redefine existing methodologies. These solutions often repurpose deep learning models from other domains, such as vision, text, and graph analytics, applying them to circuit design without tailoring to the unique complexities of electronic circuits. Such an “AI4EDA” approach falls short of achieving a holistic design synthesis and understanding,overlooking the intricate interplay of electrical, logical, and physical facets of circuit data. This study argues for a paradigm shift from AI4EDA towards AI-rooted EDA from the ground up, integrating AI at the core of the design process. Pivotal to this vision is the development of a multimodal circuit representation learning technique, poised to provide a comprehensive understanding by harmonizing and extracting insights from varied data sources, such as functional specifications, register-transfer level(RTL) designs, circuit netlists,and physical layouts. We champion the creation of large circuit models(LCMs) that are inherently multimodal, crafted to decode and express the rich semantics and structures of circuit data, thus fostering more resilient, efficient, and inventive design methodologies. Embracing this AI-rooted philosophy, we foresee a trajectory that transcends the current innovation plateau in EDA, igniting a profound “shift-left” in electronic design methodology. The envisioned advancements herald not just an evolution of existing EDA tools but a revolution, giving rise to novel instruments of design-tools that promise to radically enhance design productivity and inaugurate a new epoch where the optimization of circuit performance, power, and area(PPA) is achieved not incrementally, but through leaps that redefine the benchmarks of electronic systems' capabilities.

关键词： AI-rooted EDA large circuit models (LCMs) multimodal circuit representation learning circuit optimization

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