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A Railway Fastener Inspection Method Based on Abnormal Sample Generation

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 565-592页

作者： Shubin Zheng Yue Wang liming li Xieqi Chen Lele Peng Zhanhao Shang Higher Vocational and Technical College Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai200437China School of Urban Railway Transportation Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Vibration and Noise Control Technologies for Rail Transit Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China

Regular fastener detection is necessary to ensure the safety of ***,the number of abnormal fasteners is significantly lower than the number of normal fasteners in real *** supervised inspectionmethods have insufficient detection ability in cases of imbalanced *** solve this problem,we propose an approach based on deep convolutional neural networks(DCNNs),which consists of three stages:fastener localization,abnormal fastener sample generation based on saliency detection,and fastener state ***,a lightweight YOLOv5s is designed to achieve fast and precise localization of fastener ***,the foreground clip region of a fastener image is extracted by the designed fastener saliency detection network(F-SDNet),combined with data augmentation to generate a large number of abnormal fastener samples and balance the number of abnormal and normal ***,a fastener inspection model called Fastener ResNet-8 is constructed by being trained with the augmented fastener *** show the effectiveness of our proposed method in solving the problem of sample imbalance in fastener *** and quantitative comparisons show that the proposed F-SDNet outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in clip region extraction,reaching MAE and max F-measure of 0.0215 and 0.9635,*** addition,the FPS of the fastener state inspection model reached 86.2,and the average accuracy reached 98.7%on 614 augmented fastener test sets and 99.9%on 7505 real fastener datasets.

关键词： Railway fastener sample generation inspection model deep learning

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High-visibility ghost imaging with phase-controlled discrete classical light sources

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 328-334页

作者：仵雪滢赵岳李利明 School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049China

We take phase modulation to create discrete phase-controlled sources and realize the super-bunching effect by a phasecorrelated method. From theoretical and numerical simulations, we find the space translation invariance of the bunching effect is a key point for the ghost imaging realization. Experimentally, we create the orderly phase-correlated discrete sources which can realize high-visibility second-order ghost imaging than the result with chaotic sources. Moreover, some factors affecting the visibility of ghost image are discussed in detail.

关键词： ghost imaging high visibility space translation invariance

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Variations in the Prevalence of Anemia of Varying Severity Among Urban Non-Pregnant Women—China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第10期6卷 175-180页

作者： Xiaoxi liu Bo Wang Sailimai Man Heling Bao Yuanyuan Huang Canqing Yu Jun Lyu linhong Wang liming li Hui liu Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Peking University Health Science Center Meinian Public Health Institute BeijingChina Meinian Institute of Health BeijingChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Anemia is a significant public health issue affecting women *** studies in China predominantly concentrated on anemia in pregnant or reproductiveage women,leaving a gap i... 详细信息

关键词： Anemia anemia China.

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Association of physical activity with risk of chronic kidney disease in China:A population-based cohort study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 204-211页

作者： Kexiang Shi Yunqing Zhu Jun Lv Dianjianyi Sun Pei Pei Huaidong Du Yiping Chen ling Yang Bing Han Rebecca Stevens Junshi Chen Zhengming Chen liming li Canqing Yu China Kadoorie Biobank collaborative group Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response Beijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China Clinical Trial Service Unit&Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37LFUK Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford Oxford OX37LFUK NCDs Prevention and Control Department Henan Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhengzhou 450016China China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment Beijing 100022China 不详

Background:Information on the association between physical activity(PA)and the risk of chronic kidney disease(CKD)is *** aimed to explore the associations of total,domain-specific,and intensity-specific PA with CKD and its subtypes in ***:The study included 475,376 adults from the China Kadoorie Biobank aged 30-79 years during 2004-2008 at *** interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the information about PA,which was quantified as metabolic equivalent of task hours per day(MET-h/day)and categorized into 4 groups based on *** regression was used to analyze the association between PA and CKD ***:During a median follow-up of 12.1 years,5415 incident CKD cases were documented,including 1159 incident diabetic kidney disease(DKD)cases and 362 incident hypertensive nephropathy(HTN)*** PA was inversely associated with CKD risk,with an adjusted hazard ratio(HR,95%confidence interval(95%CI))of 0.83(0.75-0.92)for incident CKD in the highest quartile of total PA as compared with participants in the lowest *** results were observed for risk of DKD and HTN,and the corresponding HRs(95%CIs)were 0.75(0.58-0.97)for DKD risk and 0.56(0.37-0.85)for HTN *** nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were significantly associated with a decreased risk of CKD,with HRs(95%CIs)of 0.80(0.73-0.88),0.85(0.77-0.94),and 0.85(0.76-0.95)in the highest quartile,***:PA,including nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA,was inversely associated with the risk of CKD,including DKD,HTN,and other CKD,and such associations were dose dependent.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Domain Intensity Physical activity

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The Association Between Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry and Mortality –– 10 CKB Study Areas, China, 2004–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第43期6卷 1120-1125,I0003页

作者： Yalei Ke Xinyi Zhang Dianjianyi Sun Pei Pei Huaidong Du Yiping Chen ling Yang Xiaoming Yang Kang Wang Junshi Chen Zhengming Chen Jun Lv liming li Canqing Yu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Clinical Trial Service Unit&Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Shibei Center for Disease Control and Prevention Qingdao CityShandong ProvinceChina China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijingChina.

What is already known about this topic?China has the world’s most significant public health and economic burden of chronic respiratory ***,the association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry(PRISm)and mortality risk is *** is added by this report?The PRISm group exhibited a 37%higher risk of allcause mortality than the normal group,and the risks of death from cardiovascular diseases,neoplasms,respiratory diseases,and infectious and parasitic diseases were also increased in ***,the presence of respiratory symptoms or disease was associated with an increased risk of mortality in *** are the implications for public health practice?It is imperative to enhance public awareness of PRISm and to implement measures to facilitate the regression of PRISm toward normal lung function.

关键词： function. impaired neoplasms

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Adults Aged 50 and Above-10 CKB Study Areas,China,2020–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第43期6卷 1126-1131页

作者： Wei Yu Yongbing Lan Dianjianyi Sun Pei Pei ling Yang Yiping Chen Huaidong Du Yingcai Yang Dan Schmidt Junshi Chen Zhengming Chen Jun Lyu liming li Canqing Yu Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Clinical Trial Service Unit&Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom Shinan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Qingdao CityShandong ProvinceChina China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijingChina.

What is already known about this topic?The prevalence of COPD in Chinese individuals aged 50 years and above was obviously higher than that in younger adults,but the risk factors for this age group were *** is added by this report?The prevalence was estimated at 12.8%and 5.7%for males and females over 50 in 2020–2021,with confirmed risk factors of cigarette smoking,a family history of respiratory diseases,respiratory symptoms,and a history of cough or respiratory diseases during *** are the implications for public health practice?The findings may help clinicians and the public identify individuals at high risk of COPD and take targeted measures in a timely manner.

关键词： respiratory diseases prevalence

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Shaping global health promotion:a comprehensive analysis of the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion Conferences(1986-2021)

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 91-96页

作者： Shiyu liu Meichen Sun Na Zhang Zhaozhang Sun Xiangyang Tian liming li Youfa Wang Global Health Institute School of Public HealthXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina School of Nursing Health Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina Department of Culture Media and Creative IndustriesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Chinese Center for Health Education BeijingChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Objective This study analyzed how the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion have played a significant role in shaping and promoting a worldwide consensus and actions on health promotion,effectively addressing diverse health challenges that evolved over different *** The textual analysis method was used in this study and text encoding was conducted to systematically examine the declarations and reports presented by the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion held during *** summarized the themes and key achievements,and key vocabulary in the conference declarations was extracted and analyzed to construct the global health promotion consensus and *** The fundamental principles of the conferences are to foster consensus and initiate actions in the realm of health promotion on a global *** primary purpose and goal are to promote health from regional to ***,our findings highlight a transition in the primary actors driving health *** underscores a shift in health promotion from being driven primarily by organizations like the World Health Organization,governments,and international bodies,to a more inclusive approach involving non-governmental organizations and the general *** development implies that health promotion has evolved into a collective global endeavor,demanding the proactive involvement of various stakeholders,and forging new alliances in public ***,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has further shaped the landscape of health promotion,underscoring the need for intensified focus on areas including disease prevention,health education,and the integration of digital health technologies,and emphasizing the importance of a multidimensional,responsive approach in public health *** Sustained collaboration and innovative strategies are pivotal to advancing health promotion ***,together with public and private entities,should intensi

关键词： Global conference on health promotion Health promotion Consensus and actions

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中美货币关系往何处去?

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文化纵横 2024年第4期 106-115页

作者：李黎明东北师范大学美国研究所

中国在改革开放后加入美元体系,既是中美货币关系的起点,也是推动中国重新融入世界经济体系的关键因素。近五十年的发展后,中国不仅成长为美元体系内的制造业大国,也成为吸纳与循环美元的主要海外空间之一,这构成了中美货币关系的基本... 详细信息

中国在改革开放后加入美元体系,既是中美货币关系的起点,也是推动中国重新融入世界经济体系的关键因素。近五十年的发展后,中国不仅成长为美元体系内的制造业大国,也成为吸纳与循环美元的主要海外空间之一,这构成了中美货币关系的基本特征。2008年的金融危机及美国向外转嫁危机的处理方式,引发了中国对美元体系与中美货币关系模式的忧虑与质疑。

关键词：美元霸权国际货币体系人民币国际化

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体制分割对老年人心理健康的影响及其中介机制

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社会学评论 2024年第2期12卷 87-107页

作者：王颉琼李黎明西安交通大学人文社会科学学院

本研究基于中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)2018年的数据,构建了“体制分割-经济资源/社会网络-老年人心理健康”的分析框架,深入讨论和验证了体制分割对老年人心理健康的影响及其多重中介机制。实证结果发现:(1)体制分割导致老年人心理健... 详细信息

本研究基于中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)2018年的数据,构建了“体制分割-经济资源/社会网络-老年人心理健康”的分析框架,深入讨论和验证了体制分割对老年人心理健康的影响及其多重中介机制。实证结果发现:(1)体制分割导致老年人心理健康水平存在差异,相比于体制外,体制内老年人心理健康状况更优;(2)体制具有庇护效应,具体通过经济资源和社会网络的有效中介机制为老年人带来正向心理健康回报;(3)经济资源路径的影响效果大于社会网络路径。

关键词：体制分割经济资源社会网络老年人心理健康

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糖尿病患者心血管疾病预测模型的研究现状

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中华糖尿病杂志 2024年第1期16卷 117-126页

作者：马爱娟吕筠董忠李立明北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系北京100191 北京市疾病预防控制中心慢性病预防与控制所北京100013

目前认为心血管疾病(CVD)是糖尿病患者的首要致死原因。防治糖尿病的同时着眼于CVD防控具有重要的公共卫生意义。CVD预测模型可以进行CVD发病风险综合评估。研究表明,可能适用于糖尿病患者的CVD预测模型包括在糖尿病患者中建立的模型,... 详细信息

目前认为心血管疾病(CVD)是糖尿病患者的首要致死原因。防治糖尿病的同时着眼于CVD防控具有重要的公共卫生意义。CVD预测模型可以进行CVD发病风险综合评估。研究表明,可能适用于糖尿病患者的CVD预测模型包括在糖尿病患者中建立的模型,或在一般人群中建立、将糖尿病作为预测因子的模型。但2型糖尿病患者中建立的模型是否适用于1型糖尿病患者,以及在一般人群中建立的预测模型在糖尿病患者中应用的准确性有待进一步探讨。由于CVD预测模型在不同人群中应用的准确性不同,应探讨适合本地人群的CVD预测模型。该文对糖尿病患者CVD预测模型研究现状进行综述。

关键词：糖尿病心血管疾病风险评估

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