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Evaluation of Simulated CO_2 Concentrations from the CarbonTracker-Asia Model Using In-situ Observations over East Asia for 2009–2013

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第6期36卷 603-613页

作者： Samuel Takele KENEA Young-Suk OH Jae-Sang RHEE Tae-Young GOO Young-Hwa BYUN Shanlan LI lev d.labzovskii Haeyoung LEE Robert F.BANKS Climate Research division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Environmental Meteorology Research division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Meteorology department Delta Air LinesInc.

The CarbonTracker(CT) model has been used in previous studies for understanding and predicting the sources, sinks, and dynamics that govern the distribution of atmospheric CO_2 at varying ranges of spatial and temporal scales. However, there are still challenges for reproducing accurate model-simulated CO_2 concentrations close to the surface, typically associated with high spatial heterogeneity and land cover. In the present study, we evaluated the performance of nested-grid CT model simulations of CO_2 based on the CT2016 version through comparison with in-situ observations over East Asia covering the period 2009–13. We selected sites located in coastal, remote, inland, and mountain areas. The results are presented at diurnal and seasonal time periods. At target stations, model agreement with in-situ observations was varied in capturing the diurnal cycle. Overall, biases were less than 6.3 ppm on an all-hourly mean basis, and this was further reduced to a maximum of 4.6 ppm when considering only the daytime. For instance, at Anmyeondo, a small bias was obtained in winter, on the order of 0.2 ppm. The model revealed a diurnal amplitude of CO_2 that was nearly flat in winter at Gosan and Anmyeondo stations, while slightly overestimated in the summertime. The model's performance in reproducing the diurnal cycle remains a challenge and requires improvement. The model showed better agreement with the observations in capturing the seasonal variations of CO_2 during daytime at most sites, with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.70 to 0.99. Also, model biases were within-0.3 and 1.3 ppm, except for inland stations(7.7 ppm).

关键词： model evaluation in-situ observations CarbonTracker East Asia

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Cavity continuum

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 391-398页

作者： FAN CHENG VLAdIMIR SHUVAYEV MARK dOUVIdZON lev dEYCH TAL CARMON School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Physics department Queens College of CUNYFlushingQueensNew York 11367USA Solid State Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel The Graduate Center of CUNY New YorkNew York 10016USA

We experimentally demonstrate and numerically analyze large arrays of whispering gallery *** fluorescent mapping,we measure the spatial distribution of the cavity ensemble’s resonances,revealing that light reaches distant resonators in various ways,including while passing through dark gaps,resonator groups,or resonator *** spatially decays exponentially in the *** practically infinite periodic array of resonators,with a quality factor(Q)exceeding 107,might impact a new type of photonic ensembles for nonlinear optics and lasers using our cavity continuum that is distributed,while having high-Q resonators as unit cells.

关键词： resonator cavity ensemble

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Flexible pavement longitudinal joint quality evaluation using non-destructive testing

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 189-202页

作者： Hamad Bin Muslim Syed Waqar Haider lev Khazanovich department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Longitudinal joint construction quality is critical to the life of flexible *** deteriorated longitudinal joints has become a challenge for many highway *** the joint's quality through better compaction during construction can help achieve flexible pavements with longer service lives and less *** quality control(QC)and quality assurance(QA)plans provide limited ***,the risk of missing areas with poor joint compaction is significant.A density profiling system(dPS)is a non-destructive alternative to conventional destructive evaluation *** can provide quick and continuous real-time coverage of the compaction during construction in *** paper presents several case studies comparing various types of longitudinal joints and demonstrating the use of dPS to evaluate the joint's compaction *** paper shows that dielectric measurements can provide valuable insight into the ability of various construction techniques to achieve adequate levels of compaction at the longitudinal *** paper proposes a dielectric-based longitudinal joint quality index(LJQI)to evaluate the relative compaction of the joint during *** also shows that adopting dPS for assessing the compaction of longitudinal joints can minimize the risk of agencies accepting poorly constructed joints,identify locations of poor quality during construction,and achieve better-performing flexible pavements.

关键词： Sustainable pavements dielectric/density profiling system Quality assurance Non-destructive testing Asphalt longitudinal joint

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Multi-gene genetic programming extension of AASHTO M-E for design oflow-volume concrete pavements

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Journal of Road Engineering 2022年第3期2卷 252-266页

作者： Haoran Li lev Khazanovich department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement designGuide (AASHTO M-E) offers an opportunity to design more economical and sustainable high-volume rigid pavementscompared to conventional design guidelines. It is achieved through optimizing pavement structural andthickness design under specified climate and traffic conditions using advanced M-E principles, thereby minimizingeconomic costs and environmental impact. However, the implementation of AASHTO M-E design for low-volumeconcrete pavements using AASHTOWare Pavement ME design (Pavement ME) software is often overly *** is because Pavement ME specifies the minimum design thickness of concrete slab as 152.4 mm (6 in.). Thispaper introduces a novel extension of the AASHTO M-E framework for the design of low-volume joint plain concretepavements (JPCPs) without modification of Pavement ME. It utilizes multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP)-based computational models to obtain rapid solutions for JPCP damage accumulation and long-term performanceanalyses. The developed MGGP models simulate the fatigue damage and differential energy accumulations. Thispermits the prediction of transverse cracking and joint faulting for a wide range of design input parameters and axlespectrum. The developed MGGP-based models match Pavement ME-predicted cracking and faulting for rigidpavements with conventional concrete slab thicknesses and enable rational extrapolation of performance predictionfor thinner JPCPs. This paper demonstrates how the developed computational model enables sustainable lowvolumepavement design using optimized ME solutions for Pittsburgh, PA, conditions.

关键词： Mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide Low-volume roads Concrete pavement Transverse cracking Joint faulting Multi-gene genetic programming(MGGP)

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Predicting elastic properties of hard-coating alloys using ab-initio and machine learning methods

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 139-148页

作者： H.levämäki F.Tasnádi d.G.Sangiovanni L.J.S.Johnson R.Armiento I.A.Abrikosov department of Physics Chemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversitySE-58183LinköpingSweden Sandvik Coromant S-12680StockholmSweden Materials Modeling and development Laboratory National University of Science and Technology‘MISIS’119049MoscowRussia

Accelerated design of hard-coating materials requires state-of-the-art computational tools,which include data-driven techniques,building databases,and training machine learning *** develop a heavily automated high-throughput workflow to build a database of industrially relevant hard-coating materials,such as binary and ternary *** use the high-throughput toolkit to automate the density functional theory calculation *** present results,including elastic constants that are a key parameter determining mechanical properties of hard-coatings,for X_(1−x)Y_(x)N ternary nitrides,where X,Y∈{Al,Ti,Zr,Hf}and fraction x=0,1/4,1/2,3/4,*** also explore ways for machine learning to support and complement the designed *** find that the crystal graph convolutional neural network trained on ordered lattices has sufficient accuracy for the disordered nitrides,suggesting that existing databases provide important data for predicting mechanical properties of qualitatively different types of materials,in our case disordered hard-coating alloys.

关键词： coating alloys ternary

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Onsite strength determination for early-opening decision making of high early strength concrete pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第2期10卷 291-303页

作者： Katelyn Kosar Lucio Salles de Salles Naser Pourakbar Sharifi Julie Vandenbossche lev Khazanovich department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA department of Civil Engineering Technology Environmental Management and SafetyRochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNY 14623USA

High early strength(HES)concrete pavements are commonly opened to traffic within the first 24 h after construction,making early-opening decisions critical for pavement quality and traffic ***,most state departments of transportation rely on compressive strength testing for early-opening decision ***,there laboratory tests are labor intensive,costly and not always representative of field strength *** this study,non-destructive testing(maturity and ultrasonic tomography)was explored for faster and reliable in-situ strength *** experimental section constructed using HES concrete was routinely monitored using compressive testing,maturity,and ultrasonic tomography in the first 24 h after *** shear wave velocity,measured using ultrasonic tomography,was able to capture the strength-gain variability within a single slab and between different slabs due to the ability to monitor several locations in a short period of *** results were consistently conservative in the first 24 h of *** show that both maturity testing and ultrasonic tomography are able to replace or add to conventional strength testing for HES concrete pavements to facilitate making the opening decision within the first 24 *** tomography proved more beneficial as a result of the device's portability,increased speed of testing,and accurate estimations of HES concrete strength for the entire pavement length.

关键词： Road engineering High early strength concrete pavement Traffic early-opening Strength Maturity Ultrasonic tomography

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Titanium oxide artificial synaptic device:Nanostructure modeling and synthesis,memristive cross-bar fabrication,and resistive switching investigation

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10222-10233页

作者： Vadim I.Avilov Roman V.Tominov Zakhar E.Vakulov lev G.Zhavoronkov Vladimir A.Smirnov Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials(NEUROMENA Lab) Southern Federal UniversityTaganrog 347922Russia Institute of Nanotechnologies Electronics and Electronic Equipment EngineeringSouthern Federal UniversityTaganrog 347922Russia

The paper shows the results of the mathematical model development and the numerical simulation of the oxygen vacancies,and the distribution of TiO,Ti_(2)O_(3),and TiO_(2)oxides in the titanium oxide nanostructure obtained by local anodic oxidation(anodization).The effect of the anodization voltage pulse duration and amplitude on the titanium oxide composition distribution and the conduction channel formation was *** device prototypes based on electrochemical titanium oxide are fabricated and *** was shown that forming free resistive switching between the low resistances state(LRS)1.43±0.54 kΩand the high resistance state(HRS)28.75±9.75 kΩwere observed during 100,000 switching cycles and LRS 1.49±0.23 kΩwas maintained for 10,000 *** resistive switching of the synaptic device prototype was *** was shown that increasing Uset from 0.5 to 1.5 V leads to different LRS from 3.96±0.19 to 0.71±0.10 kΩ.The results obtained can be used in the development of technological foundations for the formation of high-performance multilevel artificial synapses for elements of neuroelectronics and hardware neural networks.

关键词： artificial intelligence neuromorphic systems memristive cross bar resistive switching scanning probe microscopy titanium oxide

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Geometric Interpretation of the Origin of the Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2022年第2期13卷 89-99页

作者： Bohdan lev Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics NAS of Ukraine Metrolohichna 14-b Kyiv Ukraine

An approach to the theory of geometrization of the Universe is proposed. The wave function of the Universe is represented by the Clifford number with the transfer rules that have the structure of the dirac equation for any manifold. Solutions of this equation may be obtained in terms of the geometric interpretation. A new model is proposed that can explain the manifestation of the dark energy and dark matter in the Universe as a geometrical entity with a mechanism involving the spontaneous symmetry breaking.

关键词： Clifford Algebra Wave Function Geometric Interpretation Structural Equations

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Critical Equatorial Trajectories of Massless Particles in a Kerr Spacetime

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2022年第3期8卷 647-656页

作者： lev Morgovsky Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitä t Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt Germany

In the presented work a closed analytical expression is obtained that describes the critical photon orbits in the equatorial plane of a spinning Kerr black hole (BH). A significant difference in the behavior of photons with prograde and retrograde directions of rotation is shown. The photons with prograde rotation exhibit an exponential increase in the deflection angle together with the number of rotations around the BH as its spin parameter increases. The number of rotations exceeds 103 when spin parameter of the BH reaches 0.999. At the same time this value decreases insignificantly for reverse rotating photons and is less than that for the non-spinning Schwarzschild BH. The transition to a zero spin limit made it possible to determine the number of photon rotations along the critical trajectory for such BHs.

关键词： Black Holes Gravitation Light deflection Photon Trajectories

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Factorizations of Finite Groups and Related Topics

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第1期27卷 149-180页

作者： lev Kazarin department of Mathematics Yaroslavl State UniversityRussia

This is a survey on the recent progress in the theory of finite groups with factorizations and around it,done by the author and his coauthors,and this has no pretensions to cover all topics in this wide area of *** particular,we only touch the great consequences of the fundamental paper of Liebeck,Praeger and Saxl on maximal factorizations of almost simple finite groups for the theory of groups with *** each case the reader can find additional references at the end of Section *** of the methods of investigation can be used to obtain information about finite groups in general,nilpotent algebras and related nearrings.

关键词： finite groups products of groups conjugacy classes Sylow subgroups Lie type groups factorizations

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