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Long-Distance Signaling in bypass1 Mutants： Bioassay Development Reveals the bps Signal to Be a Metabolite

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Molecular Plant 2013年第1期6卷 164-173页

作者： Emma Adhikari Dong-Keun Lee Patrick Giavalisco leslie E. Sieburth Department of Biology University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Root-to-shoot signaling is used by plants to coordinate shoot development with the conditions experienced by the roots. A mobile and biologically active compound, the bps signal, is over-produced in roots of an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant called bypass1 （bpsl）, and might also be a normally produced signaling molecule in wild-type plants. Our goal is to identify the bps signal chemically, which will then allow us to assess its production in normal plants. To identify any signaling molecule, a bioassay is required, and here we describe the development of a robust, simple, and quantitative bioassay for the bps signal. The developed bioassay follows the growth-reducing activity of the bps signal using the pCYCB1;I：：GUS cell cycle marker. Wild-type plants carrying this marker, and provided the bps signal through either grafts or metabolite extracts, showed reduced cell division. By contrast, control grafts and treatment with control extracts showed no change in pCYCB1;I：：GUS expression. To determine the chemical nature of the bps signal, extracts were treated with RNase A, Proteinase K, or heat. None of these treatments diminished the activity of bpsl extracts, sug- gesting that the active molecule might be a metabolite. This bioassay will be useful for future biochemical fractionation and analysis directed toward bps signal identification.

关键词： hormone biology metabolic regulation physiology of plant growth secondary metabolism/natural prod-ucts signaling, organismal level development.

Research on Enterprise Risk Management of Star Assurance Company Limited

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Research on Enterprise Risk Management of Star Assurance Com...

作者： AMEGAVIE leslie OFOE 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

风险管理的质量不仅关系到保险业的生存和盈利,而且关系到整个经济的增长和发展。作为主要的风险承保人,保险公司需要采取良好的做法或质量措施来管理所有类型的风险。这些风险包括:保费风险、投资风险、追偿风险、索赔风险、再保险、... 详细信息

风险管理的质量不仅关系到保险业的生存和盈利,而且关系到整个经济的增长和发展。作为主要的风险承保人,保险公司需要采取良好的做法或质量措施来管理所有类型的风险。这些风险包括:保费风险、投资风险、追偿风险、索赔风险、再保险、政治风险、政府干预和技术风险。星安保险有限公司是一家私营保险公司,成立于1984年8月,获准在加纳经营公司和零售保险业务,它开始于1985年4月。近年来,星安保险有限公司不得不面临一些风险,包括客户不及时的支付保费,虚假的保险索赔,对保险公司如何运作有限的了解,特别是不识字的人群,导致对保险产品的低光顾率,以及其他外部性,包括汇率和通货膨胀的变化。这些挑战极大地影响了星保公司的顺利运营,也日益影响着加纳保险业的整体发展。有鉴于此,本文通过文献综述、逻辑分析等方法,结合企业风险管理理论,对星保公司的风险管理现状、风险识别和风险评价进行了分析,并提出了优化企业风险的建议管理层。该公司的主要优势在于,它在行业参与者中备受尊重,客户对该公司的积极看法。为了减少风险,保持在行业中的地位,公司应尽可能地整合风险管理工作,进一步重组风险委员会,使其对IT、销售、理赔等其他部门负有监督责任,以便掌握第一手资料关于公司风险状况的信息。公司还必须调整其组织文化和结构,纳入确保降低风险的措施。本文的研究为完善公司当前的风险管理提供了指导。

关键词：风险企业风险管理保险星光保险有限公司

Fever as the only manifestation of hypersensitivity reactions associated with oxaliplatin in a patient with colorectal cancer Oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reaction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5277-5281页

作者： M Wasif Saif Shailja Roy leslie Ledbetter Jennifer Madison Kostas Syrigos Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 United States University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL United States Athens Medical School Sotiria General HospitalAthens Greece

Hypersensitivity reactions （HSR） to oxaliplatin in patients with colorectal cancer include facial flushing, erythema, pruritis, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, tongue swelling, rash/hives, headache, chills, weakness, vomiting, burning sensations, dizziness, and edema. We report a patient with fever as the sole manifestation of initial HSR, review the literature and discuss the management of HSR. A 57-year-old female with T3N2M0 rectal adenocarcinoma received modified FOLFOX-6. She tolerated the first 8 cycles without any toxicities except grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and nausea. During 9th and 10th infusions, she developed fever to a maximum of 38.3℃ with stable hemodynamic status despite medications. During 11th infusion, she developed grade 3 HSR consisting of symptomatic bronchospasm, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, cough, and fever. On examination, she was pale, cyanotic, with a temperature of 38.8℃, BP dropped to 95/43 mm Hg, pulse of 116/min and O2 saturation of 88%-91%. She was hospitalized for management and recovered in 24 h. Fever alone is not a usual symptom of oxaliplatin HSR. It may be indicative that the patient may develop serious reactions subsequently, as did our patient who developed hypotension with the third challenge. Treatment and prevention consists of slowing the infusion rate, use of steroids and antagonists of Type 1 and 2 histamine receptor antagonists, whereas desensitization could help to provide the small number of patients who experience severe HSR with the ability to further receive an effective therapy for their colorectal cancer.

关键词： Oxaliplatin Hypersensitivity reaction Fever Colon cancer

Influence of pore pressure on tensile fracture growth in rocks： a new explanation based on numerical testing

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第3期9卷 412-426页

作者： Shou MA Jianchun GUO Lianchong LI leslie George THAM Yingjie XIA Chun'an TANG State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company Dongying 257000 China School of Civil Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

The diffusion of pore fluid pressures may create both spatial and temporal effective stress gradients that influence or control the development and evolution of fractures within rock masses. To better understand the controls on fracturing behavior, numerical simulations are performed using a progressive fracture modeling approach that shares many of the same natural kinematic features in rocks, such as fracture growth, nucleation, and termination. First, the pinch-off breaking test is numerically performed to investigate the tensile failure of a rock specimen in a uniform pore pressure field. In this numerical simulation, both mechanical and hydrological properties of a suite of rocks are measured under simulated laboratory conditions. The complete tensional failure process of the rock specimen under pore pressure was reproduced. Second, a double-notched specimen is numerically extended to investigate how the water flow direction or pore pressure gradient influences the fracture growth. An exhaustive sensitivity study is conducted that examines the effects of varying both hydrological and mechanical boundary conditions. The simulation results indicate that local fluid pressure gradients strongly influence the state of stress in the solids and, thereby, fracture growth. Fracture and strength behavior is influenced not only by the pore pressure magnitude on a local scale around the fracture tip, but also by the orientation and distribution of pore pressure gradients on a global scale. Increasing the fracture growth rate increases the local model permeability and decreases the sample strength. The results of this study may provide useful information concerning the degree of hydrological and mechanical coupling action under geologic conditions.

关键词： pore pressure effective stress heterogeneous numerical simulation fracture growth rock

Gold nanoparticles as dehydrogenase mimicking nanozymes for estradiol degradation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第9期30卷 1655-1658页

作者： Zijie Zhang leslie M. Bragg Mark R. Servos Juewen Liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Nanozyme catalysis has been mainly focused on a few chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates, while environmentally and biologically important compounds need to be tested to advance the field. In this work, we studied oxidation of estradiol(E2) in the presence of various nanomaterials including gold nanoparticles(AuNPs), nanoceria(CeO2), Fe3O4, Fe2O3, MnO2 and Mn2O3, and found that AuNPs had a dehydrogenase-mimicking activity to convert E2 to estrone(E1). This conversion was monitored using HPLC. The reaction was faster at higher pH and reached saturation at pH 8. Smaller AuNPs had a higher catalytic efficiency and 5 nm AuNPs were 4.8-fold faster than 13 nm at the same total surface area. Finally,we tried 17α-ethinylestradiol(EE2) as a substrate and found that 5 nm AuNPs can catalyze EE2 oxidation in the presence of H2O2. This work indicated that some nanomaterials can affect environmentally important hormones via oxidation reactions, and this study has expanded the scope of substrate of nanozymes.

关键词： Nanozymes Estradiol Gold nanoparticles Catalysis Environment HPLC

Classification of natural products as sources of drugs according to the biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system(BDDCS)

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第12期14卷 888-897页

作者： LI Ji Caroline A.Larregieu leslie *** Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Science University of California

Natural products(NPs) are compounds that are derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and microisms. Therapeutics has benefited from numerous drug classes derived from natural product sources. The Biopharmaceutics Drug position Classification System(BDDCS) was proposed to serve as a basis for predicting the importance of transporters and enzymes in determining drug bioavailability and disposition. It categorizes drugs into one of four biopharmaceutical classes according to their water solubility and extent of metabolism. The present paper reviews 109 drugs from natural product sources: 29% belong to class 1(high solubility, extensive metabolism), 22% to class 2(low solubility, extensive metabolism), 40% to class 3(high solubility, poor metabolism), and 9% to class 4(low solubility, poor metabolism). Herein we evaluated the characteristics of NPs in terms of BDDCS class for all 109 drugs as wells as for subsets of NPs drugs derived from plant sources as antibiotics. In the 109 NPs drugs, we piled 32 drugs from plants, 50%(16) of total in class 1, 22%(7) in class 2 and 28%(9) in class 3, none found in class 4; Meantime, the antibiotics were found 5(16%) in class 2, 22(71%) in class 3, and 4(13%) in class 4; no drug was found in class 1. Based on this classification, we anticipate BDDCS to serve as a useful adjunct in evaluating the potential characteristics of new natural products.

关键词： Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System(BDDCS) Natural products(NPs) Dose number Solubility and extent of metabolism

Preventing surgical site infection using operating room bundle of care in patients undergoing elective exploratory laparotomy cholecystectomy surgery

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Frontiers of Nursing 2023年第3期10卷 335-345页

作者： Erika leslie R Magat Josephine M De Leon Graduate School Centro Escolar UniversityManila 1005Philippines School of Nursing Centro Escolar UniversityManila 1005Philippines

Objective:Surgical procedures manifest immense risks to *** of the adverse events that healthcare professionals see as a threat to the patient’s health is the development of complications known as surgical site infection(SSI).Although several effor ts are being under taken to determine the proper means to reduce such complications,there is still a high incidence of SSI *** requires knowledge in infection control and high precision in maintaining a clean surgical *** study tested the effectiveness of an operating room(OR)bundle of care in preventing SSI in patients undergoing elective exploratory laparotomy cholecystectomy ***:A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was utilized to determine its *** study was composed of 60 par ticipants divided into two groups:30 subjects were selected to receive the OR bundle of care,while the other 30 subjects received the usual *** groupings were determined through a systematic random sampling *** OR bundle of care had three interventions,namely:(1)maintaining perioperative normothermia,(2)no pre-operative surgical site hair removal,and(3)changing gloves before abdominal wall *** patients were evaluated using the standard instrument,Bates–Jensen Wound Assessment Tool(BWAT)in the post-intervention phases of the wound healing process,which are as follows:hemostasis,inflammatory,and proliferative *** describe the difference in the patients’wound status after implementation of the OR bundle of care in each post-intervention phase,Friedman’s test was *** describe the difference in the patients’wound status in both groups after implementation of the OR bundle of care,the Mann–Whitney U test was ***:The patient’s wound status was lower,indicating a more healing *** between the wound status of the control and the experimental group were observed on the third postoperative *** indicates that the experimental gro

关键词： bundle of care exploratory laparotomy operating room bundle of care preventing surgical site infection surgery

Commercial Moon Landings Multiply

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Engineering 2023年第11期30卷 10-12页

作者： Mitch leslie Senior Technology Writer

Along with its familiar impact craters,the surface of the Moon sports numerous pale whorls and streaks known as lunar swirls[1].Likened to the pattern produced when someone pours cream into a cup of black coffee[2],the swirls can extend for more than 50 km and have puzzled researchers for centuries[3].Adding to their mystery,the features are associated with regions of magnetized rocks,an unusual attribute because the Moon lacks a magnetic field[3].Researchers do not know how the swirls are related to the magnetic fields or how they formed.

关键词： someone unusual Moon

Coming Soon: The First University-Based Cloud Lab

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 3-5页

作者： Mitch leslie Senior Technology Writer

Graduate students and scientists who spend long hours in the laboratory pipetting solutions and slogging through other repetitive,tedious procedures may feel like *** starting in the fall of 2023,researchers at one university,Carnegie Mellon University(CMU)in Pittsburgh,PA,USA,will be able to delegate the work to actual *** university is building a“cloud lab,”a 40 million USD scientific facility that is almost fully automated[1].

关键词： spend starting logging