Characterizing the diversity and structure of host–parasite communities is crucial to understandingtheir eco-evolutionary *** and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible forfitness loss and mortality in bird...
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Characterizing the diversity and structure of host–parasite communities is crucial to understandingtheir eco-evolutionary *** and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible forfitness loss and mortality in bird species ***,despite exhibiting the greatest ornithologicalbiodiversity,avian haemosporidians from Neotropical regions are quite ***,we analyze the genetic diversity of bird haemosporidian parasites(Plasmodium andHaemoproteus)in 1,336 individuals belonging to 206 bird species to explore for differences in diversityof parasite lineages and bird species across 5 well-differentiated Peruvian *** 70 different haemosporidian lineages infecting 74 bird *** showed that 25 out ofthe 70 haplotypes had not been previously ***,we also identified 81 new host–parasite interactions representing new host records for these haemosporidian *** outcomesrevealed that the effective diversity(as well as the richness,abundance,and Shannon–Weaver index)for both birds and parasite lineages was higher in Amazon basin ***,we also showed that ecoregions with greater diversity of bird species also had highparasite richness,hence suggesting that host community is crucial in explaining parasite *** parasites were found in ecoregions with lower bird diversity,implying that the abundanceand richness of hosts may shape the exploitation strategy followed by haemosporidian *** outcomes reveal that Neotropical region is a major reservoir of unidentified *** studies analyzing host distribution and specificity of these parasites inthe tropics will provide important knowledge about phylogenetic relationships,phylogeography,and patterns of evolution and distribution of haemosporidian parasites.
This study investigated on the difference of the surface characteristics of Ni/MgO-ZrO2 prepared by the Pechini sol-gel method (PCH) and the co-precipitation method (CP). The catalysts were characterized using the Aut...
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This study investigated on the difference of the surface characteristics of Ni/MgO-ZrO2 prepared by the Pechini sol-gel method (PCH) and the co-precipitation method (CP). The catalysts were characterized using the Autosorb, Scanning Electron Microscope, Elemental Dispersive X-ray, Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray Diffraction, and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy to measure the surface area, pore size, and pore volume, the surface morphology and surface elemental composition, the crystal structure, and total nickel content of the prepared catalysts, respectively. The co-precipitation catalyst resulted in a higher surface nickel concentration compared to the Pechini catalyst due to nickel encapsulation for the Pechini catalyst, which caused a higher catalytic activity for the co-precipitation catalyst. However, the co-precipitation catalyst exhibited rapid deactivation due to severe coking, as supported by the post-reaction results of the Scanning Electron Microscope, Elemental Dispersive X-ray, X-ray Diffraction and Gravimetric Analysis. The Pechini catalyst, on the other hand, maintained a lower catalytic activity for over 16 h, with minimal coking, due to a stronger metal-support interaction, and to a higher concentration of m-ZrO2.
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