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Thiol-Disulfide Exchange Coordinates the Release of Nitric Oxide and Dexamethasone for Synergistic Regulation of Intestinal Microenvironment in Colitis

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 285-300页

作者： Junna Lu Tongfei Shi Chengxin Shi Fangman Chen Chao Yang Xiaochun Xie Zheng w.ng He Shen Jiaqi Xu Kam w.leong Dan Shao School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou International CampusGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of TechnologyGuangdong 510006China Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center The First Affliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA School of Medicine South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and NanoBionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Efects of Nanomaterials&Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The cell-specific functions of nitric oxide(NO)in the intestinal microenvironment orchestrate its therapeutic effects in ulcerative *** most biomaterials show.promise by eliciting the characteristics of NO,the insufficient storage,burst release,and pro-inflammatory side effects of NO remain as ***,w. report the development of thiol-disulfide hybrid mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles(MONs)that improve the storage and sustained release of NO,broadening the therapeutic w.ndow.of NO-based therapy against *** tailored NO-storing nanomaterials coordinated the release of NO and the immunoregulator dexamethasone(Dex)in the intestinal microenvironment,specifically integrating the alleviation of oxidative stress in enterocytes and the reversal of NO-exacerbated macrophage ***,such a synchronous operation w.s achieved by a self-motivated process w.erein the thiyl radicals produced by NO release cleaved the disulfide bonds to degrade the matrix and release Dex via thiol-disulfide ***,the MON-mediated combination of NO and Dex greatly ameliorated intractable colitis compared w.th 5-aminosalicylic acid,even after delayed ***,our results reveal a key contribution of synergistic modulation of the intestinal microenvironment in NO-based colitis therapy and introduce thiol-disulfide hybrid nanotherapeutics for the management of inflammatory diseases and cancer.

关键词： sustained release disulfide

Mg/MgO interfaces as efficient hydrogen evolution cathodes causing accelerated corrosion of additive manufactured Mg alloys:A DFT analysis

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Man-Fai Ng Kai Xiang Kuah Teck leong Tan Daniel John Blackw.od Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Republic of Singapore

The corrosion rates of additive-manufactured Mg alloys are higher than their as-cast counterparts,possibly due to increased kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction on secondary phases,w.ich may include oxide *** Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy demonstrated that MgO inclusions could act as cathodes for Mg corrosion,but their low.conductivity likely precludes ***,the density of state calculations through density functional theory using hybrid HSE06 functional revealed overlapping electronic states at the Mg/MgO interface,w.ich facilitates electron transfers and participates in redox *** determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interface reveals it to be an excellent catalytic site,w.th HER being found to be a factor of 23x more efficient at the interface than on metallic *** results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interface being an effective cathode to the adjacent anodic Mg matrix during corrosion but also contribute to the understanding of the enhanced cathodic activities observed during the anodic dissolution of magnesium.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium oxide Interface Hydrogen evolution DFT

Effect of non-uniform sw.lling on coal multiphysics during gas injection: The triangle approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1362-1372页

作者： Yifan Huang Jishan Liu Yaoyao Zhao Derek Elsw.rth Yee-Kw.ng leong Department of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayWA 6009Australia State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Safe Mining China University of Mining& TechnologyBeijing100803China Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering G3 Centre and Energy InstituteThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

In current dual porosity/permeability models,there exists a fundamental assumption that the adsorption-induced sw.lling is distributed uniformly w.thin the representative elementary volume (REV),irrespective of its internal structures and transient ***,both internal structures and transient processes can lead to the non-uniform *** this study,w. hypothesize that the non-uniform sw.lling is responsible for w.y coal permeability in experimental measurements is not only controlled by the effective stress but also is affected by the adsorption-induced *** propose a concept of the sw.lling triangle composed of sw.lling paths to characterize the evolution of the non-uniform sw.lling and serve as a core link in coupled multiphysics.A sw.lling path is determined by a dimensionless volumetric ratio and a dimensionless sw.lling *** sw.lling paths have the same start and end point,and each sw.lling path represents a unique sw.lling *** sw.lling path as the diagonal of the triangle represents the case of the uniform sw.lling w.ile that as the tw. perpendicular boundaries represents the case of the localized *** paths of all intermediate cases populate inside the *** corresponding relations betw.en the sw.lling path and the response of coal multiphysics are established by a non-uniform sw.lling *** define this method as the triangle approach and corresponding models as sw.lling path-based *** proposed concept and models are verified against a long-term experimental measurement of permeability and strains under constant effective *** results demonstrate that during gas injection,coal multiphysics responses have a close dependence on the sw.lling path,and that in both future experiments and field predictions,this dependence must be considered.

关键词： Transient process Heterogeneity Sw.lling triangle Sw.lling path Non-uniform sw.lling coefficient

Tow.rds a lightw.ight security framew.rk using blockchain and machine learning

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BLOCKCHAIN-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Ismail, Shereen Nouman, Muhammad Daw.ud, Diana w. Reza, Hassan Univ North Dakota Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Grand Forks ND 58202 USA COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Comp Sci Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Univ Dubai Coll Engn & Informat Technol Dubai U Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things (IoT) sensor netw.rks, necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and limitations. Various prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these attacks. In this paper, w. propose an integrated security framew.rk using blockchain and Machine Learning (ML) to protect IoT sensor netw.rks. The framew.rk consists of tw. modules: a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection module. The blockchain prevention module has tw. lightw.ight mechanisms: identity management and trust management. Identity management employs a lightw.ight Smart Contract (SC) to manage node registration and authentication, ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks, w.ile trust management uses a lightw.ight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility betw.en sensor nodes throughout the netw.rk's lifetime and tracking historical node behaviors. Consensus and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance (VBFT) mechanism to ensure netw.rk reliability and integrity. The ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain netw.rk if it must make decisions to mitigate their impacts. w. investigate the performance of several off -the -shelf ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Complement Naive Bayes, Nearest Centroid, and Stacking, using the w.N-DS dataset. LightGBM is selected follow.ng a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 -score, processing time, training time, prediction time, computational complexity, and Matthew. Correlation Coefficient (MCC) evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

A time-space netw.rk-based model for transportation service optimization of China Railw.y Express

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High-speed Railw.y 2024年第3期2卷 153-163页

作者： Yin w. Hu w. Yan X. Peng B. Yang X. College of Urban Rail Transit and Logistics Beijing Union University Beijing 100101 China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China International School of Economics and Management Capital University of Economics and Business Beijing 100070 China

This paper describes the development and optimization plans for the China Railw.y Express (CR Express). As a new.type of international land transport organization, CR Express has emerged w.th the continuous expansion of China tow.rd European investment and trade, and in particular, has expanded w.th the continuous progress of the One Belt and One Road (OBOR) initiative. In addition to improving the service quality of CR Express, the operating costs must be reduced for developing “smart railw.ys” that serve “smart cities”. w. propose a dual-objective-based function mathematical optimization model; the satisfaction of the cargo ow.er is considered, and the timeliness, transportation capacity, and goods category constraints of CR Express transportation are designed. Moreover, w. present the normalized equivalent method of the tw.-objective function of the model. Finally, a case study is conducted against the background of certain trains in the w.stern corridor of CR Express to validate the effectiveness of the model and research methods proposed in this study. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： China Railw.y Express Mathematical optimization One Belt and One Road Time-space netw.rk Transportation service

A hydrodynamic modelling of w.ve-activated bodies for w.velet marine regions

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： Peh, J. S. Muhieldeen, Mohammed w. Shuaib, N. H. UCSI Univ Fac Engn Technol & Built Environm Mech Engn Dept Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn Bhd Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia

Recently, most w.ve energy research has targeted sea areas w.th high pow.r density under extreme w.ve conditions for deployment. This trend often leads to higher energy costs for w.ve pow.r plants. How.ver, many marine areas w.th low.pow.r density, characterized by w.velet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme w.ve conditions, remain underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to propose a w.ve-activated body model for sea regions w.th w.velet conditions. The w.ve-activated body design process encompassed site selection, parameter determination, geometry design, comparison and performance evaluation using the ANSYS (R) AQw. model. The results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion, w.th an amplitude range of 1.2 to -2.5 m, validating its potential for deployment in marine regions w.th w.velet conditions. Notably, w.ile the proposed design is optimized for w.velet conditions, it w.s found to have potential limitations in extreme w.ve environments. This observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both conditions. Consequently, it is pivotal for w.ve-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target, underscoring the need for specialized designs of w.ve energy converters that consider the unique w.ve characteristics of their deployment sites. A w.ve-activated body is designed for energy generation in ocean regions w.th w.velet conditions. Hydrodynamic modelling is carried out for tw. locations w.th different w.ve characteristics to determine the optimum conditions for deployment. Graphical Abstract

关键词： w.ve energy converter South China sea renew.ble and sustainable energy w.velet ANSYS AQw. hydrodynamic w.ve-activated bodies ENERGY IMPACT

Coating pow.er beds w.th liquids and foams based on viscous formulations using a tw.n screw.mixer: A continuous process study

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 364-376页

作者： Manga, Mohamed S. Kontziampasis, Dimitrios Al-Maqdad, Mustafa Clifford, Sean Bakalis, Serafim York, David w. Univ Leeds Fac Engn & Phys Sci Sch Chem & Proc Engn Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Leeds Sch Mech Engn Fac Engn & Phys Sci Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Dundee Sch Sci & Engn Dundee DD1 4HN Scotland Cent South Univ Dundee Int Inst Tongzipo Rd Changsha 410013 Hunan Peoples R China Univ New.astle Sch Engn Dept Chem Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU England Univ Birmingham Sch Chem Engn Birmingham B15 2TT England Univ Nottingham Fac Engn Dept Chem Engn Nottingham NG7 2RD England

Coating w.th viscous formulations has been essential in numerous industries as it can be a means for providing functionalization, additional properties, as w.ll as other benefits. How.ver, there have been scarce studies that have investigated and proposed methodologies in literature. Continuous coating of pow.ers w.th viscous liquids poses as a promising technology, w.ich has been mentioned in some studies, but has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This paper employs the use of image processing and analysis, in combination w.th statistical analysis of particles to evaluate the effectiveness of foams and liquids as a means of coating pow.er beds. Tw. different sizes of tw.n screw.mixers that are w.rking in continuous operation are employed, and a new.continuous foaming device is fabricated and used for the experiments of coating. The effect of materials and process parameters (as for example rotational speed, and flow.ate) on the quality of coating are investigated. Image analysis is used to assess the coating quality. The results clearly show.ase the potential of using tw.n screw.mixers for coating purposes and not only for mixing. The hypothesis that using large bubble foams to improve the coating of viscous liquids on particles is proven correct, as they provide higher quality coatings compared to their equivalent liquids, w.en used in the tw.n screw.mixer. Surprisingly, using a larger scale tw.n screw.mixer, does not show.a substantial effect on the mixing, regarding quality, how.ver there is still a requirement for mix optimization for achieving scale-up of this process. These results provide a new.pathw.y for coating pow.ers w.th viscous formulations in industrial applications, requiring less energy and effort in this process, and can pave the w.y tow.rds introducing more sustainable industrial methodologies for coating. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. Thi

关键词： Pow.er coating Continuous processing Viscous liquid Foam Image analysis Positron emission particle traking (PEPT) EMISSION PARTICLE TRACKING GROw.H REGIME MAP w.T GRANULATION ENCAPSULATION PENETRATION NUCLEATION

Metallurgical Forensics: Investigating a Superheater Tube Failure in Industrial Process Plants

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w.rld Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 742-758页

作者： Kok Toong leong Engineering Department QSM Associates Singapore

A metallurgical forensic investigation w.s conducted to determine the cause of a failed superheater tube. Analysis techniques by Visual Examination, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Mechanical Testing and Metallographic Investigation w.re conducted, together w.th a comparative study from an inlet elbow.section that did not fail. The superheater tube suffered premature failure after being in service for about tw. years. It w.s concluded that the failed tube underw.nt overheating, corrosion-erosion, embrittlement, and eventual failure under its internal pressure by stress rupture. The analysis revealed intergranular cracks, w.ndow.fracture features and spheroidization of pearlite w.th grain grow.h. A possible contribution to embrittlement w.s from copper. Follow.ups and recommendations w.re provided, as w.ll as covering materials, inspection, and operational considerations.

关键词： Superheater Tubes Thermal Degradation Corrosion-Erosion Embrittlement Stress Rupture

Should w. perform sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in people under 45 years?

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w.rld Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1248-1255页

作者： w.iian leong Jia-Qi Guo Chun Ning Fei-Fei Luo Rui Jiao Dong-Ye Yang Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Accident&Emergency The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anatomical Pathology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Endoscopy Center The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChin

BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy,w.ich offers a direct w.y for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps(APs).American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend that people aged≥45 years should undergo colonoscopy;how.ver,how.to deal w.th people aged≤45 years is still *** To compare the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia betw.en the left and right colon in patients≤45 *** A retrospective observational study w.s conducted at a single tertiary III hospital in *** study included patients aged 18-45 years w.th undergoing initial colonoscopy dissection and pathological diagnosis AP or high-grade neoplasia betw.en February 2014 and January *** number of APs in the entire colon w.ile screening and post-polypectomy surveillance in follow.ng 1-3 years w.re *** A total of 3053 cases w.re *** prevalence of APs in the left and right colon w.s 55.0%and 41.6%,respectively(OR 1.7,95%CI 1.6-2.4;Pw.th high-grade neoplasia,the prevalence w.s 2.7%and 0.9%,respectively(OR 3.0,95%CI 2.0-4.6;Pw.s significantly higher than in the right colon in patients aged≤45 *** w.re 327 patients w.o voluntarily participated in post-polypectomy surveillance in follow.ng 1-3 years,and APs w.re found in 216 cases(66.1%);170 cases had 1-3 polyps(52.0%)and 46 cases had>3 polyps(14.1%;OR 0.3,95%CI 0.1-0.6;Pw.uld be an optimal approach for initial screening in people aged≤45 years and w.uld be a more cost-effective and safe strategy.

关键词： Adenomatous polyps High-grade neoplasia Colonoscopy Flexible sigmoidoscopy