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Impact of ozone assisted ultrasonication pre-treatment on anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 29-38页

作者： Xinbo Tian Antoine Prandota Trzcinski Li leonard Lin Wun Jern Ng Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Public Utilities Board Water Reclamation (Plants) Department Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University

Impact of ultrasonication（ULS） and ultrasonication-ozonation（ULS-Ozone） pre-treatment on the anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge was investigated with semi-continuous anaerobic reactors at solid retention time（SRT） of 10 and 20 days. The control, ULS and ULS-Ozone reactors produced 256, 309 and 348 m L biogas/g CODfedand the volatile solid（VS） removals were 35.6%, 38.3% and 42.1%, respectively at SRT of 10 days. At SRT of20 days, the biogas yields reached 313, 337 and 393 m L biogas/g CODfedand the VS removal rates were 37.3%, 40.9% and 45.3% in the control, ULS and ULS-Ozone reactors, ***-Ozone pre-treatment increased the residual organic amount in the digested *** soluble residual organics were found to contain macromolecules with molecular weights（MW） larger than 500 k Da and smaller polymeric products with MW around 19.4and 7.7 k Da. These compounds were further characterized to be humic acid-like substances with fluorescent spectroscopy analysis.

关键词： Sewage sludge Ultrasound Ozone Pre-treatment Molecular weight Anaerobic digestion

Population viability analysis: using a modeling tool to assess the viability of tapir populations in fragmented landscapes

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 356-372页

作者： Emília Patrícia MEDICI Arnaud leonard Jean DESBIEZ Lowland Tapir Conservation Initiative IPÊ-Institute for Ecological ResearchNazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group(TSG) GlandSwitzerland Escola Superior de Conservação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade(ESCAS/IPÊ) NazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group(CBSG) Brazil NetworkCampo GrandeMSBrazil Royal Zoological Society of Scotland EdinburghScotland

A population viability analysis(PVA)was conducted of the lowland tapir populations in the Atlantic Forest of the Pontal do Paranapanema region,Brazil,including Morro do Diabo State Park(MDSP)and surrounding forest *** from the model projected that the population of 126 tapirs in MDSP is likely to per-sist over the next 100 years;however,200 tapirs would be required to maintain a viable ***-ity analysis showed that sub-adult mortality and adult mortality have the strongest influence on the dynamics of lowland tapir *** road-kill has a major impact on the MDSP tapir population and can lead to population *** modeling showed that dispersal of tapirs from MDSP to the surrounding fragments can be detrimental to the overall metapopulation,as fragments act as ***,the model showed that under certain conditions the maintenance of the metapopulation dynamics might be determinant for the persistence of tapirs in the region,particularly in the smaller *** establishment of corridors con-necting MDSP to the forest fragments models resulted in an increase in the stochastic growth rate,making ta-pirs more resilient to threats and catastrophes,but only if rates of mortality were not increased when using *** PVA showed that the conservation of tapirs in the Pontal region depends on:the effective protection of MDSP;maintenance and,whenever possible,enhancement of the functional connectivity of the landscape,reducing mortality during dispersal and threats in the unprotected forest fragments;and neutralization of all threats affecting tapirs in the smaller forest fragments.

关键词： Atlantic Forest fragmentation lowland tapir minimum viable population population viability analysis

Thinking in Dewey’s Experimentalist Education:The Contribution of the Internet and Digital Tools

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ECNU Review of Education 2018年第2期1卷 1-22页

作者： leonard J.Waks Temple University

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to explain how the introduction of the Internet and digital tools renews and enriches John Dewey’s experimentalist model for teaching and learning with particular attention to the place of and resources for higher order ***/Approach/Methods-The methods include a close exposition of Dewey’s classical texts,and a thought experiment introducing ICT elements into Dewey’s design diagrams for teaching and ***-Dewey’s model has inherent difficulties,and that digital technologies helps resolve ***/Value-With the Internet and new digital tools,teachers can design new virtual learning spaces and learning *** can use online information and communication tools to act more effectively using higher-order thinking skills.

关键词： John Dewey experimentalism thinking in education instructional design Internet digital tools

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混沌理论

The microscopic origin of DMI in magnetic bilayers and prediction of giant DMI in new bilayers

作者： leonard Smith

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 934-939页

作者： Priyamvada Jadaun leonard F.Register Sanjay K.Banerjee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Skyrmions are widely regarded as promising candidates for emergent spintronic ***–Moriya interaction(DMI)is often critical to the generation and manipulation of ***,there is a fundamental lack of understanding of the origin of DMI or the mechanism by which DMI generates skyrmions in magnetic *** little is known of the material parameters that determine the value of *** knowledge is vital for rational design of skyrmion materials and further development of skyrmion *** address this important problem,we investigate DMI in magnetic bilayers using first *** present a new theoretical model that explains the microscopic origin of DMI in magnetic *** demonstrate that DMI depends on two parameters,interfacial hybridization and orbital contributions of the heavy *** these parameters,we explain the trend of DMI *** also report four new materials systems with giant DMI and new designs for magnetic multilayers that are expected to outperform the best materials known so *** results present a notably new understanding of DMI,uncover highly promising materials and put forth pathways for the controlled generation of skyrmions.

关键词： magnetic explain rational

Measuring End-to-End Delay in Low Energy SDN IoT Platform

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 19-41页

作者： Mykola Beshley Natalia Kryvinska Halyna Beshley Orest Kochan leonard Barolli Department of Telecommunications Lviv Polytechnic National University79013 LvivUkraine Department of Information Systems Faculty of ManagementComenius University in Bratislava82005 BratislavaSlovakia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Faculty of Information EngineeringFukuoka Institute of Technology(FIT)3-30-1 Wajiro-HigashiHigashi-KuFukuoka 811-0295Japan

In this paper,we developed a new customizable low energy Software Defined Networking(SDN)based Internet of Things(IoT)platform that can be reconfigured according to the requirements of the target IoT ***,the platform consists of a set of low cost and energy efficient single-board computers,which are interconnected within a network with the software defined *** proposed SDN switch is deployed on Raspberry Pi 3 board usingOpen vSwitch(OvS)software,while theFloodlight controller is deployed on the Orange Pi Prime *** firstly presented and implemented the method formeasuring a delay introduced by each component of the IoT infrastructure,ranging from the sensor,the core of SDN,the IoT broker,to an IoT ***,we presented the approach for estimating energy efficiency for SDN based IoT platform proportional to the *** experiments carried out on a real SDN topology based on single-board computers show that our approach not only saves up to 53.56%of energy at low traffic intensity,but also provides QoS guarantee for IoT applications.

关键词： Internet of things software defined networking openflow open vswitch raspberry-pi

A Review of Nonaqueous Electrolytes,Binders,and Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2022年第4期5卷 104-137页

作者： Jiale Xing Stoyan Bliznakov leonard Bonville Miodrag Oljaca Radenka Maric Department of Chemical Engineering Center for Clean Energy EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Growth and Technology KouraWalthamMA 02451USA

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are the most important electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high energy den-sity,long cycle life,and low *** the past decades,many review papers outlining the advantages of state-of-the-art LIBs have been published,and extensive efforts have been devoted to improving their specific energy density and cycle life *** papers are primarily focused on the design and development of various advanced cathode and anode electrode materials,with less attention given to the other important components of the ***“nonelectroconductive”components are of equal importance to electrode active materials and can significantly affect the performance of *** could directly impact the capacity,safety,charging time,and cycle life of batteries and thus affect their commercial *** review summarizes the recent progress in the development of nonaqueous electrolytes,binders,and separa-tors for LIBs and discusses their impact on the battery *** addition,the challenges and perspectives for future development of LIBs are discussed,and new avenues for state-of-the-art LIBs to reach their full potential for a wide range of practical applications are outlined.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Electrolytes Binders Separators

Validation of a conductometric bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as marker of organic matter in river samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 545-551页

作者： KHADRO Basma NAMOUR Philippe BESSUEILLE Franois leonard Didier JAFFREZIC-RENAULT Nicole University of Lyon Laboratory of AnalyticalCNRS UMR 5180 69622 Villeurbanne France Cemagref of Lyon

This article describes a conductometric bi-layer based bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as a marker of organic matter in rivers. Proteins were chosen to be used as indicators of urban pollution. The working mechanism of the bienzyme biosensor is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins into several fractions （peptides and amino acids）, which results in a local conductivity change depending of the concentration of proteins. In this work, we began with the optimization of biosensor response using bovine serum albumin （BSA） as standard protein. For this objective seven enzymatic biosensors were prepared： four enzymatic sensors with only one layer of enzyme （proteinase K, trypsin, pronase or protease X） and three other enzymatic sensors with two layers （first layer： membrane containing proteinase K; second layer： one of the three other enzymes： trypsin, pronase or protease X）. The biosensors were obtained through the deposition of enzymatic layers and the cross-linking process between enzymes and BSA in saturated glutaraldehyde vapour. The response of the various biosensors, described previously, were compared with the values of total organic carbon （TOC）, and those of organic nitrogen （No~）, as determined by the laboratory accredits （CEMAGREF of Lyon） using the traditional method of analysis （NF EN 1484, infrared spectroscopy） and （NF EN 25663, mineralization/colorimetry assay） respectively for each water sample obtained from different sites in Lyon （France）. The linear correlations obtained with the response of the seven biosensors showed the most important indices of correlations for the biosensor with two enzymatic layers： proteinase K ＋ pronase （pkp）. The optimum conditions for the preparation of the pkp biosensor increased the sensitivity and gave a limit of quantification of 0.583 μg/L for TOC and 0.218 μg/L for Norg in water samples. This sensor shows good reproducibility （2.28%）, a capacity to be used at temperatures range 10-- 30℃ （dependi

关键词： conductometric biosensor proteins enzyme natural water analyses total organic carbon organic nitrogen

Centralized QoS Routing Model for Delay/Loss Sensitive Flows at the SDN-IoT Infrastructure

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 3727-3748页

作者： Mykola Beshley Natalia Kryvinska Halyna Beshley Mykhailo Medvetskyi leonard Barolli Department of Telecommunications Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityLviv79013Ukraine Department of Information Systems Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaBratislava82005Slovakia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Faculty of Information EngineeringFukuoka Institute of Technology(FIT)Higashi-Ku811-0295FukuokaJapan

The rapidly increasing number of Internet of Things(IoT)devices and Quality of Service(QoS)requirements have made the provisioning of network solutions to meet this demand a major research *** fast and reliable routing paths based on the QoS requirements of IoT devices is very important task for Industry *** software-defined network is one of the most current interesting research developments,offering an efficient and effective solution for centralized control and network intelligence.A new SDN-IoT paradigm has been proposed to improve network QoS,taking advantage of SDN architecture in IoT *** the present time,most publish-subscribe IoT platforms assume the same QoS requirements for all ***,in many real-world scenarios of IoT applications,different subscribers may have different E2E delay *** reliable differentiated services has become a relevant *** this we developed a technique for classifying IoT flows with the individual subscriber recommendation on the importance of certain parameters for particular classes of traffic taken into *** improve the QoS for mission-critical IoT applications in large-scale SDN-IoT infrastructure,we focused on optimizing routing in the *** this purpose,a centralized routing model based on QoS parameters and IoT priority flow for the SDN was proposed and *** have compared the proposed routing model with the state-of-art deterministic multiconstrained centralized QoS routing model(DMCQR).The developed centralized routing model in comparison with the known DMCQR flow routing achieved better balance of channel resources load due to rational choice of transmission paths for different *** it was possible to reduce up to 3 times the average delay of real time flows service from end to end,for which with the existing DMCQR routing model the permissible delay rates were not met.

关键词： Internet of things software defined networking quality of services routing internet of video things