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Visual ＂playback＂ of colorful signals in the field supports sensory drive for signal detectability

Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 493-498页

作者： Alex R. GUNDERSON leo j. fleishman Manuel LEAL Department of Integrative Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Biology Union College Schenectady NY 12308 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri 105 Tucker Hall Columbia MO 65211 USA

Colorful visual signals are important systems for investigating the effects of signaling environ ments and receiver physiology on signal evolution as predicted by the sensory drive hypothesis. Support for the sensory drive hypothesis on color signal evolution is mostly based on document ing correlations between the properties of signals and habitat conditions under which the signals are given （i.e., a correlational approach） and less commonly on the use of mathematical models that integrate representations of visual environments, signal properties, and sensory systems （i.e., a functional approach）. Here, we used an experimental approach in the field to evaluate signal efficacy of colorful lizard throat fans called dewlaps that show geographic variation in the lizard Anolis cristatellus. We used a remote controlled apparatus to display ＂fake dewlaps＂ to wild lizards to test for adaptive divergence in dewlap brightness （i.e., perceived intensity） among populations in situ. We found evidence of local adaptation in dewlap brightness consistent with the sensory drive hypothesis. Specifically, dewlaps that had the brightness characteristics of local lizards were more likely to be detected than those with the brightness characteristics of nonlocal lizards. Our findings indicate that simplified mathematical representations of visual environments may allow robust estimates of relative detectability or conspicuousness in natural habitats. We have shown the feasibility of evaluating color signal efficacy experimentally under natural conditions and dem onstrate the potential advantages of presenting isolated components of signals to an intended re ceiver to measure their contribution to signal function.

关键词： Anolis color signal sensory drive signal evolution

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Nonlinear analysis of pile load-settlement behavior in layered soil

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j.urnal of Central South University 2015年第9期22卷 3615-3623页

作者：吕述晖王奎华张鹏 C.j.leo Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of Ministry of Education (Zhej.ang University) CCCC Fourth Harbon Engineering Institute Co. Ltd. School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics University of Western Sydney Locked Bag 1797 Penrith Sydney NSW 2751 Australia

A simplified approach is presented to analyze the single pile settlement in multilayered soil. First, a fictitious soil-pile model is employed to consider the effect of layered soil beneath pile toe on pile settlement behavior. Two approximation methods are proposed to simplify the nonlinear load transfer function and simulate the nonlinear compression of fictitious soil-pile, respectively. On this basis, an efficient program is developed. The procedures for determining the main parameters of mathematical model are discussed. Comparisons with two well-documented field experimental pile loading tests are conducted to verify the rationality of the present method. Further studies are also made to evaluate the practicability of the proposed approach when a soft substratum exists, and the results suggest that the proposed method can provide a constructive means for assessing the settlement of a single pile for use in engineering design.

关键词： pile load-settlement behavior fictitious soil-pile layered soil soft substratum sediment

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Longitudinal vibration of pile in layered soil based on Rayleigh-Love rod theory and fictitious soil-pile model

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j.urnal of Central South University 2015年第5期22卷 1909-1918页

作者：吕述晖王奎华吴文兵 C.j.leo Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of Ministry of Education(Zhej.ang University) Engineering Faculty China University of Geosciences School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics University of Western SydneyLocked Bag 1797 Penrith Sydney NSW 2751 Australia

The dynamic response of pile in layered soil is theoretically investigated when considering the transverse inertia ***, the fictitious soil-pile model is employed to simulate the dynamic interaction between the pile and the soil layers beneath pile toe. The dynamic interactions of adj.cent soil layers along the vertical direction are simplified as distributed Voigt ***, the pile and fictitious soil-pile are assumed to be viscoelastic Rayleigh-Love rods, and both the radial and vertical displacement continuity conditions at the soil-pile interface are taken into consideration. On this basis, the analytical solution for dynamic response at the pile head is derived in the frequency domain and the corresponding quasi-analytical solution in the time domain is then obtained by means of the convolution theorem. Following this, the accuracy and parameter value of the hypothetical boundaries for soil-layer interfaces are discussed. Comparisons with published solution and measured data are carried out to verify the rationality of the present solution. Parametric analyses are further conducted by using the present solution to investigate the relationships between the transverse inertia effects and soil-pile parameters.

关键词： viscoelastic pile layered soil longitudinal vibration fictitious soil-pile transverse inertia effect

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A Brief History of Early Sino—American Relations 1784—1844

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解放军外国语学院学报 1993年第4期16卷 94-103页

作者： leo j.Mahoney WestarkCommunity College

On February 23,1993,the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party,j.angZemin,granted an interview in Beij.ng to *** ＆World Report’s editor,*** to a relation of their conversation in the March 10,1993,issueof China Daily,Secretary j.ang made a number of important statements about China’scurrent policy towards the United *** remarks were obviously based on

关键词：上工工厂山地油灯山口孤儿扣动沙化班规上注

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Comparison of undrained behaviors of granular media using fluidcoupled discrete element method and constant volume method

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j.urnal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 1272-1289页

作者： Wei Zhang leo Rothenburg Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooN2L 3G1Canada

The fluid-coupled discrete element method(DEM)and the constant volume method as two types of discrete modeling methods for fundamental study of undrained responses of granular materials,have been discussed by many *** fluid-coupled DEM,which couples the motions of discrete particles with pore fluid movements,is theoretically robust although it requires a large amount of computation *** a substitution for the complex fluid-coupled DEM,the constant volume method simulates an undrained condition for a saturated granular material by simply preserving the total volume of a granular assembly without considering interactions between fluids and particles;hence,the validity of its results is *** this paper,the undrained behaviors of granular assemblies simulated using the aforementioned two methods are *** on a comparison of both macroscopic and microscopic responses given by the two methods,it is demonstrated that the constant volume method may reasonably simulate the responses of a loose saturated granular material with very coarse grains,which has a high permeability,and thus a rapid pore pressure ***,it is ineffective in simulating the responses of a loose material with fine components due to its failure to capture the process of a slow dissipation of the excess pore pressure among the individual *** regard to the dense material adopted,similar behaviors at the early and intermediate shearing stages given by the two methods are displayed.

关键词： Micromechanics Constant volume method Fluid-coupled discrete element method (DEM) Undrained behavior

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Fouling evaluation on membrane distillation used for reducing solvent in polyphenol rich propolis extract

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Chinese j.urnal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第3期26卷 477-483页

作者： Norhaziyana Hamzah Choe Peng leo School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Membrane distillation(MD) has not been widely studied in the concentrate of phenolic rich solution in comparison to osmotic distillation. In this work, the potential of MD to reduce solvent in the polyphenol rich propolis extract was further investigated. Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) membranes were engineered with the smaller pore size for the less hydrophobic surface in order to avoid wetting, allowing only the solvent vapor to be transferred from the warm feed into the cold permeate. All the membranes exhibited more than 95% rej.ction of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Although the hydrophilic membranes exhibited less fouling, they displayed a lower flux than the hydrophobic membrane due to the hindrance in the wetted pores. The hydrophobic membrane was seriously fouled by the phenolic acid as shown in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum. Pore plugging occurred on these hydrophobic membranes as confirmed in the scanning electron microscope images.

关键词： Membrane distillation Propolis Fouling

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Electrochemical valorization of lignin:Status,challenges,and prospects

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j.urnal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： j.an Luo Tianbiao leo Liu The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State UniversityLogan 84322United States

As the second most abundant component of lignocellulosic biomass and the largest source of renewable aromatic compounds,lignin shows great potential to replace finite,non-renewable fossil oils and becomes a renewable feedstock for the production of fuel and aromatic ***,it is highly important to develop efficient methods to convert lignin into biofuels and valuable *** approaches are considered to be scalable,oxidant/reductant free,easy to control,and can be conducted under mild *** review firstly overviews the structure and deconstruction methods of *** then,different electrochemical lignin conversion approaches,including mediated electrooxidation,electroenzymatic oxidation,photo-electrochemical oxidation,and direct electrooxidation,are discussed in *** application of lignin-derived monomeric compounds is also briefly ***,the advantages and challenges of different electrochemical lignin upgrading approaches are summarized;meanwhile,suggestions are made for future research on lignin biomass valorization.

关键词： Biomass Lignin Renewable Electrochemical valorization

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Living electronics

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1205-1213页

作者： Yixin Zhang leo(Huan-Hsuan)Hsu Xiaocheng j.ang Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA

Living electronics that converges the unique functioning modality of biological and electrical circuits has the potential to transform both fundamental biophysical/biochemical inquiries and translational biomedical/engineering *** article will review recent progress in overcoming the intrinsic physiochemical and signaling mismatches at biological/electronic interfaces,with specific focus on strategic approaches in forging the functional synergy through:(1)biohybrid electronics,where genetically encoded bio-machineries are hybridized with electronic transducers to facilitate the translation/interpretation of biologically derived signals;and(2)biosynthetic electronics,where biogenic electron pathways are designed and programmed to bridge the gap between internal biological and external electrical *** efforts are reconstructing the way that artificial electronics communicate with living systems,and opening up new possibilities for many cross-disciplinary applications in biosynthesis,sensing,energy transduction,and hybrid information processing.

关键词： bioelectronics signaling biohybrid synthetic biology extracellular electron transfer electrochemically active bacteria

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Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

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Military Medical Research 2023年第1期10卷 139-140页

作者： j.shua Levine leo Sher Veterans’Administration New York Harbor Healthcare System BrooklynNY 11209USA j.mes j.Peters Veterans’Administration Medical Center BronxNY 10468USA

Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant *** VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (... 详细信息

关键词： Suicide Depression Public health Lethal means Military veterans

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Enhanced Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for rocks exposed to chemical corrosion

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International j.urnal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 609-630页

作者： Hao Li leo Pel Zhenj.ang You David Smeulders Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Center for Sustainable Energy and Resources School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Gas and Energy Transition Research Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Underground constructions often encounter water environments,where water–rock interaction can increase porosity,thereby weakening engineering ***,the failure criterion for chemically corroded rocks becomes essential in the stability analysis and design of such *** study enhances the applicability of the Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for engineering structures operating in chemically corrosive conditions by introducing a kinetic porosity-dependent instantaneous mi(KPIM).A multiscale experimental investigation,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),pH and ion chromatography analysis,and triaxial compression tests,is employed to quantify pore structural changes and their linkage with the strength responses of limestone under coupled chemical-mechanical(C-M)*** employing ion chromatography and NMR analysis,along with incorporating the principles of free-face dissolution theory accounting for both congruent and incongruent dissolution,a kinetic chemical corrosion model is *** model aims to calculate the kinetic porosity alterations within rocks exposed to varying H+concentrations and ***,utilizing the generalized mixture rule(GMR),the kinetic porositydependent mi is *** of the KPIM-enhanced H-B criterion using compression test data from 5 types of rocks demonstrated a high level of consistency between the criterion and the experimental results,with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.96,a mean absolute percentage error less than 4.84%,and a root-mean-square deviation less than 5.95 ***,the physical significance of the porosity-dependent instantaneous mi is clarified:it serves as an indicator of a rock’s capacity to leverage the confining pressure effect.

关键词： Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion Instantaneous mi Kinetic porosity-dependency Chemical corrosion Compressive strength

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