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Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. Ex G. Don Fruit Pulp Supplementation in the Diet of Local Chickens in Burkina Faso: Effects on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1119-1132页

作者： Hadidjatou Bélem Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda Benjamin Kouliga Koama Windmi Kagambéga Sandrine Nadege Da Anne Flora Drabo Assetou Sawadogo Cyprial Ndumiso Ncobela Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy Amadou Traoré George Anicet Ouédraogo Laboratory of Research and Teaching in Animal Health and Biotechnology Nazi-Boni University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratory of Traditional Medicine and Pharmacopoeia Research Institute of Health Sciences Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Agriculture Mangosuthu University of Technology Durban South Africa Department of Animals Sciences Laval University Quebec Canada Laboratory of Animals Biology and Health Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp flour in the CPAVI chicken ration on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of local chickens. This study involved 50 local chicks of eight weeks of age. Chickens were divided into 5 groups of 10 chicks corresponding to five experimental rations containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% pulp from fruits of P. biglobosa. The nutritional composition of P. biglobosa fruit pulps were analyzed, then growth parameters and carcass characteristics were measured. The results showed that the fruit pulps of P. biglobosa were rich in metabolizable energy (4015.02 ± 0.21 Kcal/kg), crude fiber (16.88% ADF and 19.81% NDF) and potassium (2.45% ± 0.01%). Thus, the group of local chickens fed the diet containing 1% supplementation had a significantly higher live weight (1200.85 g) and carcass yield (91.99 g) (P supplementation. Additionally, individual feed consumption and average daily gain of the group at 1% supplementation were higher. In short, the flour from the pulp of the fruit of Parkia biglobosa can be supplemented up to 1% in the CPAVI pullet type feed for local chickens.

关键词： Local Chicken Parkia biglobosa CPAVI Growth Performance Burkina Faso

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Molecular Docking and Evaluation of Antileishmania Activity of a Ruthenium Complex with Epiisopiloturine and Nitric Oxide

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第5期8卷 42-53页

作者： Joabe Lima Araújo Ruan Sousa Bastos Gardênia Taveira Santos Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves Kayo Alves Figueiredo Lucas Aires de Sousa Ionara Nayana Gomes Passos Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho Francisco das Chagas Alves Lima Jefferson Almeida Rocha Postgraduate Program in Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology Department of Genetics and Morphology University of Brasília Brasília DF Brazil Research Group in Natural Sciences and Biotechnology Department of Natural Sciences/Chemistry Federal University of Maranhao Grajaú MA Brazil Research Group in Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology QUIMEBIO Federal University of Maranhao Sao Bernardo MA Brazil Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modeling Federal University of Pará Belém PA Brazil Department of Nursing State University of Maranhao Colinas MA Brazil Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology Federal University of Piauí Teresina PI Brazil Department of Health Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Piauí Teresina PI Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science Center for Social Sciences Health and Technology Federal University of Maranhao Imperatriz MA Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Federal University of Piauí Teresina PI Brazil Department of Chemistry Quantum Computational Chemistry Laboratory Federal University of Piauí Teresina PI Brazil

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that affects both animals and humans, caused by flagellated parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. The disease is estimated to reach about 700,000 to 1 million people, causing the deaths of 20 to 30,000 individuals annually. Thus, the present study aims to perform molecular docking tests and evaluation of antileishmania activity in vitro of a ruthenium complex with epiisopiloturine and nitric oxide. AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software was used to perform molecular docking tests. Molecular targets were considered rigid, and Epiruno2 considered flexible. The genetic algorithm Lamarckian (AGL) with global search and pseudo-Solis and Wets with local search were the methods adopted in the docking. The most promising results of molecular interaction were achieved in the targets Pteridine reductase and UDP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase with rates of -10.68 Kcal·mol-1 and -10.51 Kcal·mol-1, respectively. This demonstrates that Epiruno2 has molecular affinity with the targets of L. major. In vitro assays prove the antileishmania activity of the complex in the face of promastigote forms with inhibition of growth, concluding through this study that the Epiruno2 complex has antileishmania activity.

关键词： Molecular Docking Simulation Neglected Diseases Leishmania major

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Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, Safety of Use and Spasmolytic Effects of Aqueous Decoction Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis Leaves Hochst. ex A. DC. (Ebenaceae) on the Isolated Duodenum of Rat

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第12期14卷 513-529页

作者： Mathieu Nitiéma Pegdwendé Esther Ouédraogo Tata Kadiatou Traoré Oumarou Maman Noura Boukaré Kaboré Wendkouni Leila Marie Esther Bélem-Kabré Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouédraogo Moumouni Koala Bruno Nébié Abdel Magid Arsène Ouoba Makumbu Joseph Makaya Sylvain Ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Noufou Ouédraogo Sylvin Ouédraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Développement des Phytomédicaments et Médicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Initiative Pour la Résilience et la Gouvernance (IRG) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés (IRL 3189 ESS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso UFR/Science et Technologie Université Aube Nouvelle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire du Développement du Médicament (LADME) école Doctorale Sciences et Santé Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Techniques Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquées (LABIOCA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC. (Ebenaceae) is a multi-use plant, including for therapeutic purposes. It is used in alternative medicine in Burkina Faso to treat conjunctivitis, menorrhagia, dysentery, and diarrhea. The aim of our study was to evaluate the chemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, safety of use and spasmolytic effects of the aqueous decoction of Diospyros mespiliformis leaves. Phytochemical screening by HPTLC and assay of compounds of interest were carried out. Four methods were used to assess antioxidant activity. Inhibitory activity against 15-lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2 was assessed. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was tested on female mice (NMRI). Following these tests, the extract contained bioactive compounds of interest such as flavonoids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and saponosides. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the aqueous decoctate were 70.59 ± 3.20 mg EAT/g and 31.57 ± 0.78 mg EQ/g respectively. The extract was less active than Trolox with inhibitory concentrations of 50% (IC50) for the ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and LPO tests of 7.53 ± 0.08 μg/mL, 29.47 ± 0.06 μg/mL, 1128.83 ± 4.82 mol EAA/g, and 32.30 ± 1.60 μg/mL respectively. The extract has an anti-inflammatory effect with inhibition of phospholipase A2 compared to betamethasone. In addition, the aqueous extract produced an antispasmodic effect with Emax of 70% and 80% respectively during contractions induced by BaCl2 and ACh. Finally, this study provided basic scientific data and could justify the use of D. mespiliformis leaves in the treatment of diarrhea.

关键词： Diospyros mespiliformis Phytoconstituents Antioxidants Acute Oral Toxicity Spasmolytic Leaves

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Outcome Evaluation of Early Implementation of Option B+ in Cameroon: A Prospective Cohort Observational Survey in the Northwest and Southwest Regions

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第3期8卷 90-104页

作者： Pius Tih Muffih Edouard Katayi Tshimwanga Andrew Abutu lem Edith Abongwa Jacques Chirac Awa Pascal Nji Atanga Felix Desembuin Eveline Mboh Khan Kuni Esther Bonje Nshom Emmanuel Ebeny Francois Temgbait Chimoun Thomas Welty Gladys Tayong Fosah Jennifer Lim Dana Duncan Leah Petit Gilbert Tene Jembia Mosoko Omotayo Bolu AIDS Care and Prevention Program Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services Bamenda Cameroon United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta USA Ministry of Public Health National AIDs Control Committee Northwest Region Technical Group Bamenda Cameroon Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health/Allan Rosenfield Global Health Fellowship Washington DC USA United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Yaoundé Cameroon Elizabeth Glazer Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) Washington DC USA QED Group LLC Washington DC USA

Background: Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV constitutes a major source of new pediatric infections in Cameroon. Objective: The aim of this implementation research was to assess outcomes and effectiveness of providing life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women (Option B+). Methods: From October 2013 to July 2014, HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women, not on antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis and ART, were recruited from 22 purposefully selected health facilities in the Northwest and Southwest regions for a prospective, observational cohort evaluation. Option B+ was offered to participants and outcome indicators were measured. Results: Out of 680 women eligible for this assessment, 669 (98%) were initiated on Option B+. Retention-in-care was 90% (95% CI, 87.85 - 92.61) and 79% (95% CI, 75.20 - 81.88), and loss to follow up (LTFU) was 7% (95% CI: 4.95 - 8.90) and 15% (95% CI: 12.06 - 17.56) at 6 and 12 months respectively. Maternal mortality at 12 months after ART initiation was 2% (13). As of March 2015, 538 HIV exposed infants (HEIs) were enrolled and received postpartum nevirapine prophylaxis within 72 hours of birth and 84% (454) were on cotrimoxazole at 6 to 8 weeks. By 8 weeks of age, 498 (93%) infants had HIV DNA PCR test with 486 (97.6%) negative and 12 (2.4%) positive. Conclusion: In Cameroon, successful implementation of Option B+ increased retention-in-care to 79% at one year for pregnant and breastfeeding women and reduced MTCT rate below 5% for HEIs at 8 weeks of age. Long term retention, maternal and infant mortality and final MTCT rate after cessation of breastfeeding require further evaluation.

关键词： Option B+ Implementation Research Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission HIV Exposed Infants

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Acute Oral Toxicity and Vasorelaxant Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract from Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) Trunk Barks in Mice Aortas: Possible Involvement of Intracellular Ca²⁺ Mobilization

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第12期14卷 530-549页

作者： Mathieu Nitiéma Bertrand Kafando Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouédraogo Bibata Sawadogo Boukaré Kaboré Wendkouni Leila Marie Esther Bélem-Kabré Tata Kadiatou Traoré Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé Ouédraogo Salfo Ouédraogo Lazare Belemnaba Aristide Traoré Moussa Ouédraogo Noufou Ouédraogo Bondo Félix Kini Sylvin Ouédraogo Laboratoirede Recherche-Développement de Phytomédicaments et Médicaments Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoirede Développement du Médicament (LADME)/CEA-CFOREM Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Lannea microcrapa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) is a fruit and medicinal plant widely used in Burkina Faso. This plant is traditionally used in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vasorelaxant effects of the hydroethanolic extract from Lannea microcarpa trunk barks (HE_ELM) on the aorta isolated from NMRI mice. Phytochemical screening by HPTLC, assay of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, assessment of antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and LPO), and myography of HE_ELM (1 - 2000 μg/mL) on mice thoracic aortas in the presence and absence of endothelium were carried out. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independant vasodilation were assessed by cumulative addition of Ach (1 nM - 10 μM) on aortic rings precontracted with the thromboxane analogue A2 agonist, 9,11-dideoxy9α,11α-methanoepoxy PGF2α (U46619). L-NAME was used to verify the involvement of NO production in the relaxation mechanism of the extract. Acute oral toxicity of HE_ELM was also evaluated. A phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes, saponosides, and high levels of total phenolics and flavonoids. These compounds are thought to be responsible for the extract’s antioxidant and vasorelaxant properties. HE_ELM demonstrated significant antioxidant potential and induced aortic relaxation. Indeed, pharmacological parameters gave EC50 values ranging from 596.45 ± 95.82 μg/mL to 749.48 ± 133.40 μg/mL and Emax values from 85.51% ± 9.59% to 96.81% ± 8.60% for the three conditions of vasodilation of the extract (p > 0.05). A complete antagonism of the contractile effect of U46619 was noted with 1 mg/mL HE_ELM. These results suggest that HE_ELM induces aortic relaxation through a concentration-dependent, endothelium-independent mechanism, possibly involving intracellular calcium mobilization of vascular cells. Acute oral toxicity tests of HE_ELM (2000 mg/kg) showed no mortality or adverse effects, sugge

关键词： Lannea macrocarpa Hydroethanolic Extract Phytoconstituents Antioxidant Vasorelaxant Effects Safety

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美姑山羊体尺体重相关分析及生长曲线模型拟合

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西昌学院学报（自然科学版） 2018年第3期32卷 15-19页

作者：杨世忠陈星月周潇陈益王林杰林代俊拾乙勒土沙马说布吉物拉莫凉山州畜牧兽医科学研究所四川西昌615000 四川农业大学成都611130 美姑县农牧局四川美姑616450

根据四川省凉山彝族自治州美姑县三岗种羊场的382只美姑山羊出生后各月龄的体重及体尺记载资料,采用SPSS19.0对公、母羊主要生长性状进行了显著性比较和相关性分析,对Gompertz、Bertalanffy和Logistic 3种生长拟合模型的体重增长曲线拟... 详细信息

根据四川省凉山彝族自治州美姑县三岗种羊场的382只美姑山羊出生后各月龄的体重及体尺记载资料,采用SPSS19.0对公、母羊主要生长性状进行了显著性比较和相关性分析,对Gompertz、Bertalanffy和Logistic 3种生长拟合模型的体重增长曲线拟合度进行了比较分析,对美姑山羊生长曲线选择了较为适宜的拟合方程,旨在为合理利用美姑山羊种质资源和选种繁育提供依据。结果表明:(1)美姑山羊公羊3月龄体重、6月龄体重、8月龄体重、周岁体重都极显著高于母羊同时期体重;性别对山羊体重的影响很大。(2)相关性分析结果表明,在控制变量体高和体长,体重与胸围具有显著性差异;而控制体高和胸围或控制体长和胸围后,体重与体长或体高差异均不显著。R2为0.977,所以体重可以用胸围通过方程表示,回归方程:Y=1.114x-48.174,其中Y为体重(kg);x代表胸围(cm)。真实值与预测值差异在3.564 kg之内。(3)选用Gompertz、Bertalanffy和Logistic等3种非线性生长模型分别对美姑山羊公羊母羊生长进行拟合,公羊生长曲线最佳模型选择Logistic:W=53.94×(1+2.74e-0.106t)-1;母羊生长曲线最佳模型选择Gompertz:W=50.15×e^(-1.44exp(-0.023t))。

关键词：美姑山羊生长性状相关性分析生长曲线拟合模型

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