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Enhancing boll protein synthesis and carbohydrate conversion by the application of exogenous amino acids at the peak flowering stage increased the boll Bt toxin concentration and lint yield in cotton

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农业科学学报:英文版 2023年第6期22卷 1684-1694页

作者： LiU Zhen-yu Li Yi-yang leila.i.m.tambel LiU Yu-ting DAi Yu-yang XU Ze LENG Xin-hua ZHANG Xiang CHEN De-hua CHEN Yuan Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-innovation Center for modern Production Technology of Grain Crops YangzhouUniversityYangzhou225009P.R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 13314Sudan

in Bacillus thuringenesis(Bt) transgenic cotton, the cotton boll has the lowest insecticidal protein content when compared to the other organs. The present study investigated the effects of amino acid spray application at the peak flowering stage on the cotton boll Bt toxin concentration and yield formation. Boll protein synthesis and carbohydrate conversion were also studied to reveal the fundamental mechanism. Three treatments(i.e., CK, the untreated control;LA1, five amino acids;LA2, 21 amino acids) were applied to two Bt cultivars of G. hirsutum(i.e., the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1) in the cotton-growing seasons during 2017 and 2018. Amino acid spray application at the peak flowering stage resulted in an increase of 5.2–16.4% in the boll Bt protein concentration and an increase of 5.5–11.3%in the seed cotton yield, but there was no difference between the two amino acid treatments. in addition, amino acid applications led to increases in the amino acid content, soluble protein content, glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT)activity, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) activity, glucose content, fructose content and soluble acid invertase(SAi) activity. This study also found that Bt protein content, enhanced boll number and the weight of opened bolls were closely related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism. The Bt protein content had significant linear positive correlations with amino acid and soluble protein contents. Enhanced boll number had significant linear positive correlations with the GPT and GOT activities from 15–25 days after flowering(DAF). The weight of opened bolls from 55–65 DAF had a significant linear positive correlation with the SAi activity. These results indicate that the enhancement of boll protein synthesis and carbohydrate conversion by amino acid application resulted in a simultaneous increase in the boll Bt protein concentration and cotton lint yield.

关键词： Bt cotton boll insecticidal protein protein synthesis carbohydrate conversion

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inhibition of protein degradation increases the Bt protein concentration in Bt cotton

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Journal of integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1897-1909页

作者： Yuting Liu Hanjia Li Yuan Chen tambel leila.i.m Zhenyu Liu Shujuan Wu Siqi Sun Xiang Zhang Dehua Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-innovation Center for modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 13314Sudan

Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)cotton production is challenged by two main problems,i.e.,the low concentration of Bt protein at the boll setting stage and the lowest insect resistance in bolls among all the cotton plant’s ***,increasing the Bt protein concentration at the boll stage,especially in bolls,has become the main goal for increasing insect resistance in *** this study,two protein degradation inhibitors(ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid(EDTA)and leupeptin)were sprayed on the bolls,subtending leaves,and whole cotton plants at the peak flowering stage of two Bt cultivars(medium maturation Sikang 1(SK1))and early maturation Zhongmian 425(Zm425)in 2019 and *** Bt protein content and protein degradation metabolism were *** results showed that the Bt protein concentrations were enhanced by 21.3 to 38.8%and 25.0 to 38.6%in the treated bolls of SK1 and Zm425 respectively,while they were decreased in the subtending leaves of these treated *** the treated leaves,the Bt protein concentrations increased by 7.6 to 23.5%and 11.2 to 14.9%in SK1 and Zm425,*** combined application of EDTA and leupeptin to the whole cotton plant increased the Bt protein concentrations in both bolls and subtending *** Bt protein concentrations in bolls were higher,increasing by 22.5 to 31.0%and 19.6 to 32.5%for SK1 and Zm425,*** organs treated with EDTA or/and leupeptin showed reduced free amino acid contents,protease and peptidase activities and significant enhancements in soluble protein *** results indicated that inhibiting protein degradation could improve the protein content,thus increasing the Bt protein concentrations in the bolls or/and leaves of cotton ***,the increase in the Bt protein concentration without yield reduction suggested that these two protein degradation inhibitors may be applicable for improving insect resistance in cotton production.

关键词： Bt cotton Bt protein inhibition of protein degradation protein degradation metabolism

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Evaluation of mechanical Properties and Surface Quality of Wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina Exposed to Outdoor Conditions

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第8期12卷 1417-1431页

作者： Redžo Hasanagić UmejrŠljivo leila Fathi Pallavi Gautam mohsen Bahmani miha Humar Department of Wood Science and Technology Faculty of Technical EngineeringUniversity of BihaćBihać77000Bosnia and Herzegovina Department of Wood and Furniture industry Engineering Faculty of Resources and Earth ScienceShahrekord UniversityShahrekord64165478Iran Department of Botany Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India Biotechnical Faculty Department of Wood ScienceUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana1501Slovenia

This study investigated the mechanical properties of beech(Fagus sylvatica L.)and fir(Abies alba)wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina under outdoor *** were exposed for 3-month exposure to assess bending strength,color changes,and surface *** showed outdoor exposure negatively affected mechanical properties,particularly in samples with extended finger joints,causing significant surface cracks in uncoated *** wood exhibited notable color changes under exposure,with approximately 50%darkening without coating compared to 25%under covered *** samples displayed minimal color changes,affirming the efficacy of surface *** wood exhibited a roughness of 8.264μm,while beechwood average roughness increased from 6.767 to 13.916μm after exposure,with micro-pore development affecting water *** analysis identified prevalent fungal colonies,including Penicillium,Aureobasidium,Sclerophoma,and Chaetomium,underscoring their role in organic matter *** study highlights the importance of wood exposure and treatment selection for various applications.

关键词： mechanical properties outdoor conditions cracks wood species

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Reduced square Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein content of transgenic cotton under N deficit

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Journal of integrative Agriculture 2021年第1期20卷 100-108页

作者： CHEN Yuan LiU Zhen-yu leila.i.m.tambel ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN De-hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

To clarify the effect of the N deficit on the amount of square Bt insecticidal protein, different N application rates(0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg ha^–1) were imposed on the conventional cultivar Sikang 1(SK-1) and hybrid cultivar Sikang 3(SK-3) during 2015–2016 cotton growth seasons. Under different N application rates, the square number per plant, square volume and square dry weight reduced when the N rates decreased from conventional rate(300 kg ha^–1) to 0 kg ha^–1. And the square Bt protein content decreased accordingly. The analysis of N metabolism showed that soluble protein content, GPT and GOT activities decreased, free amino acid, peptidase and protease activities increased under N deficit. Correlation analysis indicated that the reduced Bt protein content under N deficit was related to altered N metabolism. in conclusion, square development and the amount of square Bt toxin both decreased under N deficit, indicating that promoting the square development under appropriate N application rate would also promote the insect resistance during squaring stage.

关键词： Bt cotton reproductive organ insecticidal protein N deficit N metabolism

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The effect of celastrol in combination with 5-fluorouracil on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines

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Oncology Research 2024年第7期32卷 1231-1237页

作者： mOHAmmAD-TAGHi mORADi DHiYA ALTEmEmY mAJiD ASADi-SAmANi PEGAH KHOSRAViAN mARZiYEH SOLTANi leila HASHEmi AZADEH SAmiEi-SEFAT medical Plants Research Center Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyAl-Zahraa University for WomenKarbalaIraq Cellular and molecular Research Center Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran

Background:Despite the availability of chemotherapy drugs such as 5-ﬂuorouracil(5-FU),the treatment of some cancers such as gastric cancer remains challenging due to drug resistance and side *** study aimed to investigate the effect of celastrol in combination with the chemotherapy drug 5-FU on proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human gastric cancer cell lines(AGS and EPG85-257).materials and methods:in this in vitro study,AGS and EPG85-257 cells were treated with different concentrations of celastrol,5-FU,and their *** proliferation was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(mTT)*** synergistic effect of 5-FU and celastrol was studied using Compusyn *** DNA content at different phases of the cell cycle and apoptosis rate was measured usingﬂow ***:Co-treatment with low concentrations(10%inhibitory concentration(iC10))of celastrol and 5-FU signiﬁcantly reduced iC50(pment,iC50 was calculated at 3.77 and 6.9μm for celastrol,20.7 and 11.6μm for 5-FU,and 5.03 and 4.57μm for their combination for AGS and EPG85-257 cells,*** mean percentage of apoptosis for AGS cells treated with celastrol,5-FU,and their combination was obtained 23.9,41.2,and 61.9,and for EPG85-257 cells 5.65,46.9,and 55.7,*** addition,the 5-FU and celastrol-5-FU combination induced cell cycle arrest in the synthesis ***:Although celastrol could decrease the concentration of 5-ﬂuorouracil that sufﬁced to suppress gastric cancer cells,additional studies are required to arrive at conclusive evidence on the anticancer effects of celastrol.

关键词： Gastric cancer Celastrol Terpenoid Cell cycle regulation Apoptosis Synergism

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Amino acids application enhances flowers insecticidal protein content in Bt cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第1期2卷 38-43页

作者： tambel leila.i.m. ZHOU mingyuan CHEN Yuan ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN Dehua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research Center

Background:Low insecticidal protein expression at reproductive organs affect insect resistance in Bt transgenic *** order to enhance flower insecticidal protein expression,the conventional cultivar Sikang1(S1)and the hybrid cultivar Sikang3(S3)were used as experimental materials;the applications of selected 5 types of amino acids and 21 types of amino acids were sprayed on the flowers in 2016 and 2017 cotton growing ***:The flower Bt protein contents increased significantly under the two amino acid treatments in both cultivars,the Bt protein concentration increased by 15.2 to 25.8%compared with the ***,no significant differences were detected between the two treatments of amino acid *** amino acid and soluble protein contents,enhanced GPT,GOT,protease,and peptidase activities were observed under the amino acid application at the flowering ***:These results suggest that exterior application of the amino acids treatments could bolster the flower insecticidal protein expression.

关键词： Bt cotton Flower Bt insecticidal protein Amino acid Nitrogen metabolism

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increasing plant density increases Bt toxin concentration of boll wall in cotton by decreasing boll setting speed

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Journal of Cotton Research 2021年第2期4卷 104-113页

作者： ZHOU mingyuan CHEN Chen tambel leila i.m. CHEN Yuan ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN Dehua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina Agricultural Research cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research centerKhartoumSudan

Background: in order to uncover the mechanism of significantly reduced insect resistance at the late developmental stage in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),the relationship between boll setting rate under different planting densities and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal concentrations in the boll wall were investigated in the present *** studies were arranged at Yangzhou,China during the 2017–2018 cotton growth *** planting densities(15000,25000,45000,60000 and 75000 plants per hectare)and the flower-removal treatment were imposed separately on Bt cotton cultivar Sikang3 to arrange different boll setting rates,and the boll setting rates and Bt toxin content were ***: Higher boll setting rate together with lower Bt toxin contents in boll wall was observed under low planting density,whereas lower boll setting rate and higher Bt toxin contents were found under high planting ***,higher Bt protein concentration was associated with higher soluble protein content,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT),and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT)activities,but lower amino acid content,and protease and peptidase *** was further confirmed that a higher boll setting rate with lower Bt protein content under ***: This study demonstrated that the insecticidal efficacy of boll walls was significantly impacted by boll *** protein synthesis and enhanced protein degradation were related to the reduced Bt toxin concentration.

关键词： Bt cotton Boll setting rate Bt toxin Protein metabolism

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High plant density increases seed Bt endotoxin content in Bt transgenic cotton

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Journal of integrative Agriculture 2021年第7期20卷 1796-1806页

作者： CHEN Yuan LiU Zhen-yu HENG Li leila i.mtambel CHEN De-hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

Plant density is the cultivation practice usually employed to manipulate boll distribution, boll setting and yield in cotton production. in order to determine the effect of plant density on the insecticidal protein content of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton plants, a study was conducted in Yangzhou University of China in 2015 and 2016. Five plant densities(PD1–PD5, representing 15 000, 30 000, 45 000, 60 000, and 75 000 plants ha^(–1)) were imposed on two Bt cotton cultivars, Sikang 1(the conventional cultivar, SK-1) and Sikang 3(the hybrid cultivar, SK-3). The boll number per plant, boll weight and boll volume all decreased as plant density increased. As plant density increased from 15 000 to 75 000 plants ha–1, seed Bt protein content increased, with increases of 66.5% in SK-1 and 53.4% in SK-3 at 40 days after flowering(DAF) in 2015, and 36.8% in SK-1 and 38.6% in SK-3 in 2016. Nitrogen(N) metabolism was investigated to uncover the potential mechanism. The analysis of N metabolism showed enhanced soluble protein content, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) activities, but reduced free amino acid content, and protease and peptidase activities with increasing plant density. At 20 DAF, the seed Bt toxin amount was positively correlated with soluble protein level, with correlation coefficients of 0.825** in SK-1 and 0.926** in SK-3 in 2015, and 0.955** in SK-1 and 0.965** in SK-3 in 2016. in contrast, the seed Bt protein level was negatively correlated with free amino acid content, with correlation coefficients of –0.983** in SK-1 and –0.974** in SK-3 in 2015, and –0.996** in SK-1 and –0.986** in SK-3 in 2016. To further confirm the relationship of Bt protein content and N metabolism, the Bt protein content was found to be positively correlated with the activities of GPT and GOT, but negatively correlated with the activities of protease and peptidase. in conclusion, our present study indicated that high plant density elev

关键词： Bt cotton plant density Bt insecticidal protein nitrogen metabolism

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Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system

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Journal of integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2372-2381页

作者： CHEN Yuan LiU Zhen-yu HENG Li leila imtambel ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN De-hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P.R.China Agricultural Research Cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield ***-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the upper and middle canopy layers are also required for *** objective of this study is to quantify the individual and interaction effects of plant density and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride(mC)on temporal and spatial distributions of yield bolls,as well as yield and yield *** the 2013–2016 cotton growing seasons,the experiments were conducted on a shortseason cotton cultivar CRRi50 at Yangzhou University,*** combinations of plant density(12.0,13.5 and 15.0 plants m^(–2))and mC dose(180,270 and 360 g ha^(–1))were applied on cotton *** combination of 13.5 plants m^(–2)and 270 g ha^(–1)mC resulted in the greatest boll number per unit area,the highest daily boll setting number and more than 90%of bolls positioned within 45–80 cm above the *** conclusion,appropriate mC dose in combination of high plant density could synchronize boll-setting period and retain more bolls at the upper and middle canopy layers without yield reduction in the system of direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest,and thus overcome the labor-intensive problem in current transplanting cropping system.

关键词： direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest plant density mepiquat chloride yield and yield components boll setting boll spatial distribution

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外源氨基酸对Bt棉杀虫蛋白含量影响及蛋白质周转机制

外源氨基酸对Bt棉杀虫蛋白含量影响及蛋白质周转机制

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作者： leila iBRAHim mOHAmmRD tambel 扬州大学

学位级别：硕士

转Bt基因抗虫棉生殖器官杀虫蛋白低表达量影响抗虫性。为提高生殖器官蕾花铃杀虫蛋白的表达,以常规品种泗抗1号(s1)和杂交品种泗抗3号(s3)为试验材料,分别于2016年、2017年和2018年在以前研究基础上设计构成Bt蛋白主要成份的5种氨基酸... 详细信息

转Bt基因抗虫棉生殖器官杀虫蛋白低表达量影响抗虫性。为提高生殖器官蕾花铃杀虫蛋白的表达,以常规品种泗抗1号(s1)和杂交品种泗抗3号(s3)为试验材料,分别于2016年、2017年和2018年在以前研究基础上设计构成Bt蛋白主要成份的5种氨基酸和所有21种氨基酸处理喷洒蕾花铃探讨氨基酸外用对Bt棉生殖器官杀虫蛋白表达量影响及相关的蛋白质周转机制。研究结果表明:与对照相比,两个氨基酸处理均显著提高了蕾的Bt蛋白含量,Bt蛋白含量增加7.4%-19.4%,全氨基酸应用对棉蕾Bt蛋白含量提高的幅度更大主要与蛋白质降解酶蛋白酶和肽酶活性下降幅度更大有关。氨基酸处理显著提高花中Bt蛋白含量,比对照提高了15.2%～25.8%。但两个氨基酸处理间差异不显著。相似地,2个氨基酸处理的铃壳、棉子和纤维中Bt蛋白也显著提高。如花后25天,泗抗1号Bt蛋白含量量铃壳中提高了 7.4%%-9.30%、棉子中高了23.9%-71.1%,纤维中提高了 23.8%-172.0%;泗抗3号Bt蛋白含量量铃壳中提高了39.0-41.3%、棉子中提高了 15.8%-53.8%、纤维中提高了 20.0%-230.3%。此外,花和铃的2个氨基酸处理间Bt蛋白含量则未见显著差异。蛋白质周转的生理机制研究则表明,在氨基酸处理下,蕾花铃中的氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量增加,GPT和GOT活性提高,蛋白酶和肽酶活性下降。相关分析则表明:蕾花铃中的氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量、GPT和GOT活性与其Bt蛋白含量呈显著以上水平正相关、蛋白酶和肽酶活性与其Bt蛋白含量呈负相关。以上结果揭示了氨基酸的外用导致生殖器官蕾花铃中蛋白质合成能力的提高、分解能力的下降,从而增加了蛋白质含量,包括Bt蛋白水平的提高。由于2个氨基酸处理中花和棉铃中Bt蛋白浓度在统计学上没有显著差异,且21种氨基酸混用的花费也较高。因此建议在生产时可选用构成Bt蛋白的5种氨基酸混用即可。

关键词： Bt棉氨基酸应用生殖器官 Bt蛋白蛋白质周转

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