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Geo-environmental parametric 3D models of SARS-CoV-2 virus circulation in hospital ventilation systems

Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 244-256页

作者： Carla Gabriela Carlot Zorzi Alcindo Neckel Laércio Stolfo Maculan Grace Tibério Cardoso leila dal moro Alexandre Almeida Del Savio Leopoldo D.Z.Carrasco Marcos L.S.Oliveira Eliane Thaines Bodah Brian William Bodah Faculdade Meridional IMED304-Passo Fundo-RS 99070-220Brazil Universidad de Lima Avenida Javier Prado Este 4600–Santiago de Surco 1503Peru Department of Civil and Environmental.Universidad de la Costa CUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia State University of New York Onondaga Community College4585 West Seneca TurnpikeSyracuseNY 13215USA Thaines and Bodah Center for Education and Development 840 South Meadowlark LaneOthelloWA 99344USA

The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has the potential to cause natural ventilation systems in hospital environments to be rendered inadequate, not only for workers but also for people who transit through these environments even for a limited duration. Studies in of the fields of geosciences and engineering,when combined with appropriate technologies, allow for the possibility of reducing the impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the environment, including those of hospitals which are critical centers for healthcare. In this work, we build parametric 3D models to assess the possible circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the natural ventilation system of a hospital built to care infected patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building Information Modeling(BIM) was performed, generating 3D models of hospital environments utilizing Revit software for Autodesk CFD 2021. The evaluation considered dimensional analyses of 0°, 45°, 90° and 180°. The analysis of natural ventilation patterns on both internal and external surfaces and the distribution of windows in relation to the displacement dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the air were considered. The results showed that in the external area of the hospital, the wind speed reached velocities up to 2.1 m/s when entering the building through open windows. In contact with the furniture, this value decreased to 0.78 m/s. In some internal isolation wards that house patients with COVID-19, areas that should be equipped with negative room pressure, air velocity was null. Our study provides insights into the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in internal hospital environments as well as external areas surrounding hospitals, both of which encounter high pedestrian traffic in cities worldwide.

关键词： COVID-19 global epidemic Dimensional analysis Wind velocity Hospital environment Contamination

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Sustainable Urbanization in a Medium-Sized City in Southern Brazil

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第4期15卷 181-185页

作者： Alcindo Neckel Laercio Stolfo Maculan Georgea Marthina Pedott Julian Grub Henrique Aniceto Kujawa leila dal moro Eliane Thaines Bodah Brian William Bodah Paula Polese Paloma Toscan Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism(PPGArq-IMED) Group of Studies and Research on Urban Mobility(NEPMOUR)Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism(PPG Arq e Urb—UNISINOS) São Leopoldo/RS 93022-750Brazil University of Perugia Piazza Universita1Perugia 06123Italy Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Administration of IMED Faculty(PPGA-IMED) Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil Onondaga Community College State University of New York4585 West Seneca TurnpikeSyracuseNY 13215USA Thaines and Bodah Center for Education and Development 840 South Meadowlark LaneOthelloWA 99344USA

Urbanization in Brazil is increasing,mainly in medium-sized *** expansion causes varying degrees of environmental *** general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the resultant impacts that urbanization has had on soil morphology in and around developing areas of the Brazilian city of Passo Fundo/*** of the methodology laid out in the Leopold Matrix allowed the location of data for the analysis of the characteristics present in the use of the soil of the study *** showed high levels of vegetative loss around the City of Passo Fundo,due to a high degree of urban expansion driven by real estate *** research suggests monitoring the degree of pollution of water resources in addition to regional air quality due to the marked intensity of vehicular flow.

关键词： Urban design environmental impacts environmental analysis public policies

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The Use of Remote Sensing and Landscape Metrics to Analyze Land Use Evolution in Rural Areas of the Municipality of Passo Fundo/RS(Brazil)

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2020年第11期14卷 625-633页

作者： Alcindo Neckel Laércio Stolfo Maculan Daniela Maroni Carla Gabriela Carlot Zorzi Larissa de Rezende Carolina Dario Camila Nardino Tânia Michel Fuga leila dal moro Henrique Aniceto Kujawa Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism of IMED Faculty(PPGARQ-IMED) Group of Studies and Research on Urban Mobility(NEPMOUR)Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Administration of IMED Faculty(PPGA-IMED) Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil Universitàdi Perugia Perugia 06123Itália

The use of remote sensing in the design of land use mapping allows analyses of landscape evolution during a certain period of time which helps studies in a global *** objective of this study is to identify and analyze changes in characteristics of rural land use in the municipality of Passo Fundo,located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil,during the years 2001 and 2020,through images taken from the Landsat TM-7 and TM-8 ***,satellite images were classified by supervised methods,generating thematic maps,and taking into account the following groups:tillage(growing area),forest,exposed soil and water *** demonstrated that the process of connecting agricultural crop patches went from 5.495 in 2001 to a figure of 10.812 in 2020,thus having an increase of 96%.

关键词： Design urban and rural landscape remote sensing land use

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Simulations of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Related to the Use of Public Transport for Students in a Higher Education Institution in Southern Brazil

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第1期15卷 28-34页

作者： Carla Gabriela Carlot Zorzi Tauana Bertoldi Alcindo Neckel Laércio Stolfo Maculan Laura PasaCambrussi Kleber Augusto Medeiros Georgea Marthina Pedott Julian Grub Henrique Aniceto Kujawa leila dal moro Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism(PPGArq-IMED) Group of Studies and Research on Urban Mobility(NEPMOUR)Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism(PPG Arq e Urb—UNISINOS) São Leopoldo/RS 93022-750Brazil University of Perugia Piazza Università1Perugia 06123Italy Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Administration of IMED Faculty(PPGA-IMED) Passo Fundo/RS 99070-220Brazil

Carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions from motor vehicles have been increasing in large urban centers,thus contributing to air *** general objective of this study is to analyze simulations of CO2 emissions among students who use public transport in the city of Passo Fundo,in the state of Rio Grande do Sul,***,this study was developed in three stages:(1)verification of the time used by higher education students at Faculdade Meridional(IMED)in relation to urban mobility;(2)understanding of the transport mode used by these students,taking into account the one which appears with the highest incidence;(3)simulating CO2 emissions from the modes of transport used by students after the application of the Environmental Impact Simulator(EIS)used by the National Public Transport Association(ANTP,in Portuguese)for the modeling of transport indexes aimed at analyzing CO2 *** considering the total of 3,079 students who assigned to a sample of 66 questionnaires,a reduction of CO2 emissions of 4,527.04 kg during a year in relation to the use of public transport was found.

关键词： Public transport urban mobility environmental impacts environmental analysis pollution reduction

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Determination of the Optimum Moisture Content ofPurple Ipe （Handroanthus heptaphyllus） Seeds forBiospeckle Tests

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2016年第5期6卷 341-348页

作者： Juliana Aparecida Fracarolli Adilson Machado Enes Inacio Maria dal Fabbro leila Martins Department of Postharvest Technology School of Agricultural Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Sao Paulo13083-875 Brazil School of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Sergipe Sao Cristovao 49100-000 Sergipe Brazil Department of Farm Machinery School of Agricultural Engineering University of Campinas Campinas 13083-875 Sao PauloBrazil Technical Assistance Coordination Integral (CA TI) Campinas 13070-178 Sao Paulo Brazil

Handroanthus heptaphyllus （botany synonymy Tabebuia heptaphylla） is considered to have very important economical,ornamental and medicinal value. It is included in the Bignoniaceae botanical family, whose multiplication is quite solely carried byseeds. Forest dispersion elements, i.e., the seeds, deserve a deep understanding on their physiological performance. The objective ofthis research work was to determine the optimum seed moisture content for laser interaction in biospeckle tests, which is based onlaser interferometry. Seeds were hydrated to the level of 69% and then divided into four subsamples, i.e., （1） seeds without teguments,（2） seeds with tegument, （3） seeds without teguments frozen at 0 ℃ and （4） seeds with teguments frozen at 0 ℃. The foursubsamples were then separated into five moisture level groups （28%, 35%, 54%, 63% and 69%） and exposed to the laser. Thebiospeckle phenomenon quantification was carried out by means of the moment of inertia （MI） approach. A positive correlationbetween MI and seed moisture content was obtained. It was also verified that seed moisture content between 28% and 54% showedbetter interaction with the laser. The results are important for the application of the biospeckle technique as a possible tool to assessthe quality of purple ipe seeds.

关键词： Purple ipe (Handroanthus heptaphyllus), seed moisture content, biospeckle, moment of inertia.

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