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Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 367-389页

作者： hao WANG Bin-Bin WANG Peng CUI Yao-Ming MA Yan WANG Jian-Sheng hao Yu WANG Ya-Mei LI Li-Jun SUN Jiao WANG Guo-Tao ZHANG Wei-Mo LI Yu lei Wen-Qing Zhao Jin-Bo TANG Chao-Yue LI Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China‒Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China

High Mountain Asia(HMA)shows a remarkable warming tendency and divergent trend of regional precipitation with enhanced meteorological *** rapid thawing of the HMA cryosphere may alter the magnitude and frequency of nature *** reviewed the influence of climate change on various types of nature hazards in HMA region,including their phenomena,mechanisms and *** reveals that:1)the occurrences of extreme rainfall,heavy snowfall,and drifting snow hazards are escalating;accelerated ice and snow melting have advanced the onset and increased the magnitude of snowmelt floods;2)due to elevating trigger factors,such as glacier debuttressing and the rapid shift of thermal and hydrological regime of bedrock/snow/ice interface or subsurface,the mass flow hazards including bedrock landslide,snow avalanche,ice-rock avalanches or glacier detachment,and debris flow will become more severe;3)increased active-layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slumps slope failures,thaw settlement and thermokarst lake will damage many important engineering structures and infrastructure in permafrost region;4)multi-hazards cascading hazard in HMA,such as the glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF)and avalanche-induced mass flow may greatly enlarge the destructive power of the primary hazard by amplifying its volume,mobility,and impact force;and 5)enhanced slope instability and sediment supply in the highland areas could impose remote catastrophic impacts upon lowland regions,and threat hydropower security and future water *** future,ongoing thawing of HMA will profoundly weaken the multiple-phase material of bedrock,ice,water,and soil,and enhance activities of nature *** and cascading hazards of high magnitude will prevail in *** the glacier runoff overpasses the peak water,low flow or droughts in lowland areas downstream of glacierized mountain regions will became more frequent and *** escalating hazards in the HMA region requires tackling s

关键词： High Mountain Asia Climate change Cryosphere degradation Nature hazards Disaster risk

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人口收缩型中小城市建设用地供应动态特征及分异

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资源科学 2024年第2期46卷 321-335页

作者：周臻陈浩王磊南京大学建筑与城市规划学院南京210093 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所南京210008

【目的】收缩型中小城市普遍存在人口收缩-建设用地扩张的矛盾现象,解析建设用地供应动态特征是深入理解其机理的基础。【方法】使用中国土地市场网交易数据,基于倾向得分匹配模型遴选对照城市,解析71个收缩型中小城市样本相对于增长型... 详细信息

【目的】收缩型中小城市普遍存在人口收缩-建设用地扩张的矛盾现象,解析建设用地供应动态特征是深入理解其机理的基础。【方法】使用中国土地市场网交易数据,基于倾向得分匹配模型遴选对照城市,解析71个收缩型中小城市样本相对于增长型中小城市样本的建设用地供应动态特征(组间差异);基于系统聚类分析,探讨收缩型中小城市建设用地供应的差异特征(组内差异);基于Logistic回归,分析组间和组内供地差异形成的关键主导因素。【结果】①相比对照城市,收缩型中小城市建设用地供应特征为规模降低,价格增长明显放缓,以划拨等非市场化方式供地的比重、交通和公共设施等非经营性和非产业供地比重有较快扩大的趋势。其中,东北地区还表现为供地规模较大但价格普遍较低的区域性特征。②依据建设用地供应特征,71个收缩型中小城市样本可降维并归纳为“低水平供给型”“供给退化型”“弱增长供给型”3种类型。其中,“低水平供给型”城市多为传统农业型城市,建设用地市场发育程度较低;“供给退化型”城市多为重工业衰退城市,建设用地市场呈衰退态势;“弱增长供给型”城市多为增长区域内的人口外流城市,建设用地市场稳定发展但存在衰退风险。③组间供地差异主要与人口和产业发展等需求因素相关,组内供地差异则主要与政府供给因素和工业发展水平相关。【结论】收缩型中小城市的建设用地供应显示出群体性特征和内部差异。尽管收缩城市的建设用地供应可以被地方政府短期改变,但往往会在长时期的波动中回归到人口和产业等发展条件决定的真实水平,因此人-地增长悖论在一定程度上将有所纠正。据此,对收缩型中小城市的国土空间规划、城市更新等工作提出了政策建议。

关键词：收缩城市建设用地供应区域差异国土空间规划城市更新倾向得分匹配中国

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Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Modules Enabled by Solid-Liquid Two-Step Film Formation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 571-582页

作者： Juan Zhang Xiaofei Ji Xiaoting Wang Liujiang Zhang Leyu Bi Zhenhuang Su Xingyu Gao Wenjun Zhang lei Shi Guoqing Guan Abuliti Abudula Xiaogang hao Liyou Yang Qiang Fu Alex K.‑Y.Jen Linfeng Lu Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of ChemistryHong Kong Institute for Clean EnergyCity University of Hong Kong KowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China The Interdisciplinary Research Center Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204People’s Republic of China JINNENG Clean Energy Technology Ltd. Jinzhong 030300ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China Hangzhou Zhongneng Photoelectricity Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China Institute of Regional Innovation Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan

A considerable efficiency gap exists between large-area perovskite solar modules and small-area perovskite solar *** control of forming uniform and large-area film and perovskite crystallization is still the main obstacle restricting the efficiency of *** this work,we adopted a solid-liquid two-step film formation technique,which involved the evaporation of a lead iodide film and blade coating of an organic ammonium halide solution to prepare perovskite *** method possesses the advantages of integrating vapor deposition and solution methods,which could apply to substrates with different roughness and avoid using toxic solvents to achieve a more uniform,large-area perovskite ***,modification of the NiO_(x)/perovskite buried interface and introduction of Urea additives were utilized to reduce interface recombination and regulate perovskite *** a result,a large-area perovskite film possessing larger grains,fewer pinholes,and reduced defects could be *** inverted PSM with an active area of 61.56 cm^(2)(10×10 cm^(2)substrate)achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.56%and significantly improved *** method suggests an innovative approach to resolving the uniformity issue associated with large-area film fabrication.

关键词： Inverted perovskite solar cells Perovskite solar modules Two-step film formation Crystallization Defect passivation

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Transforming waste particles into valuable adsorbents via amyloid-mediated molecular engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Qingmin Yang Jian Zhao Yujia Zhang Xingyu Zhou hao Ren Bowen Hu Zhongli lei Lixin Chen Peng Yang School of Material and Chemical Engineering Bengbu University Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Silicon-Based Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University Xi'an Key Laboratory of Polymeric Soft Matter School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University International Joint Research Center on Functional Fiber and Soft Smart Textile School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University

The high-value utilization of industrial solid waste using a facile and eco-friendly process is of great interest and significance in reducing environmental pollution and developing a green circular economy. Herein, we propose an amyloid-mediated molecular engineering strategy to transform particulate waste into valuable adsorbents for metal ions. Our method has the advantage of aqueous solution fabrication under mild conditions without the use of high-temperature hydrothermal methods and toxic chemical reagents. Amyloid-mediated molecular engineering manipulates the phase transition of bovine serum albumin（BSA）on particulate waste surfaces, resulting in a remarkable ～3.1 times improvement in the adsorption capacity of fly ash, a typical industrial solid waste for gold ions after modification with the phase-transitioned BSA（PTB）. The resultant adsorption ability was 69–1,980 times higher than those of conventional and emerging adsorbent materials such as ion exchange resins, activated carbon（AC）, covalent organic frameworks（COFs）, and metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）. We further demonstrated the application of our PTB-modified materials in the recovery of precious metals from low-grade gold ore and electronic waste leachates. Consequently, this strategy could increase the value of waste materials nearly 27 times. In addition, this method is generally extendable to other conventional industrial adsorbents such as resin, clay, and Al2O3, and enhances their adsorption capabilities at least twofold. Overall, this work provides a simple and green approach for improving the adsorption performance of solid particles, and is expected to develop into a universal strategy for transforming waste particles into high-value-added products.

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一种相控阵雷达横滚角标校方法

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数据采集与处理 2024年第1期39卷 132-139页

作者：陈皓雷艺中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所孔径阵列与空间探测安徽省重点实验室合肥230031 合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院合肥230601

提出了一种相控阵雷达横滚角标校方法,利用相控阵雷达横滚角与目标俯仰角测量误差之间的近似线性关系,结合雷达自带的角度测量误差标定手段,快速地计算得到雷达的横滚角,进而大幅提高相控阵雷达的角度测量精度。实验证明,使用该方法计... 详细信息

提出了一种相控阵雷达横滚角标校方法,利用相控阵雷达横滚角与目标俯仰角测量误差之间的近似线性关系,结合雷达自带的角度测量误差标定手段,快速地计算得到雷达的横滚角,进而大幅提高相控阵雷达的角度测量精度。实验证明,使用该方法计算得到的横滚角与使用激光测量仪器测得的横滚角结果精度相当,完全能够满足高精度测量雷达的需求。

关键词：相控阵雷达横滚角标校测量误差

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Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuate diabetic nephropathy through the IGF1R-CHK2-p53 signalling axis in male rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第7期25卷 568-580页

作者： hao ZHANG Xinshu WANG Bo HU Peicheng LI Yierfan ABUDUAINI Hongmei Zhao Ayinaer JIEENSIHAN Xishuang CHEN Shiyu WANG Nuojin GUO Jian YUAN Yunhui LI lei LI Yuntong YANG Zhongmin LIU Zhaosheng TANG Hua WANG Department of Endocrinology Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200120China Research Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200120China Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200120China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200331China Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation Shanghai East HospitalShanghai 200120China Ji’an Hospital Shanghai East HospitalJi’an 343000China

diabetes mellitus(DM)is a disease syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia.A long-term high-glucose environment leads to reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and nuclear DNA *** umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(HUcMSC)infusion induces significant antidiabetic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)***-like growth factor 1(IGF1)receptor(IGF1R)is important in promoting glucose metabolism in diabetes;however,the mechanism by which HUcMSC can treat diabetes through IGF1R and DNA damage repair remains *** this study,a DM rat model was induced with high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin(STZ)administration and rats were infused four times with *** glucose,interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,glomerular basement membrane,and renal function were *** that interacted with IGF1R were determined through coimmunoprecipitation *** expression of IGF1R,phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2(p-CHK2),and phosphorylated protein 53(p-p53)was examined using immunohistochemistry(IHC)and western blot ***-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG).Flow cytometry experiments were used to detect the surface markers of *** identification of the morphology and phenotype of HUcMSC was performed by way of oil red“O”staining and Alizarin red *** rats exhibited abnormal blood glucose and IL-6/10 levels and renal function changes in the glomerular basement membrane,increased the expression of IGF1 and ***1R interacted with CHK2,and the expression of p-CHK2 was significantly decreased in IGF1R-knockdown *** cisplatin was used to induce DNA damage,the expression of p-CHK2 was higher than that in the IGF1R-knockdown group without cisplatin *** infusion ameliorated abnormalities and preserved kidney structure and function in DM *** expression of IGF1,IGF1R,p-CHK2,and p-p53,and the level of 8-OHdG in the DM group increased sign

关键词： Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF1R) Checkpoint kinase 2(CHK2) Protein 53(p53) Diabetes mellitus Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(HUcMSC) DNA damage repair

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Study on the dynamic contact relationship between layers under temperature gradients in CRTSⅢ ballastless track

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High-speed Railway 2024年第03期 133-142页

作者： lei Zhao Guotang Zhao Guotao Yang hao Jin Chenxi Li Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Co. Ltd China State Railway Group Co. Ltd. School of Transportation Southeast University School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University

In areas with large temperature differences, the uneven distribution of temperatures in the CRTS III ballastless track slab due to daytime sunlight can cause warpage deformation, leading to periodic rail irregularities that increase the wheel-rail impact of high-speed vehicles and accelerate track structure damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic contact relationship between the composite slab and the base plate during vehicle running. The results of the study show that: 1) Under the influence of temperature gradients, the composite slab tends to deform elliptically. With a positive temperature gradient, the middle part of the track slab bulges upward, causing the slab to be supported by its four corners. Conversely, with a negative temperature gradient, the four corners of the track slab bulge upward, resulting in the slab being supported by its center. 2)Temperature gradients can lead to separation between the composite slab and the base plate, reducing the contact area between layers. During vehicle running, the contact area between layers gradually increases, but the separation cannot be completely closed. 3) The temperature gradient significantly affects the vertical displacement of the track. The vertical displacement in the middle of the slab increases with a positive temperature gradient. In contrast, the vertical displacement at the ends of the slab increases with a negative temperature gradient. 4) The stress of self-compacting concrete at the side position significantly increases under a positive temperature gradient, with the vertical stress increasing by 2.7 times when the temperature gradient increases from 0 to 90 ℃·m-1.

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Loss of LBP triggers lipid metabolic disorder through H3K27 acetylation-mediated C/EBPβ-SCD activation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 79-94页

作者： Ya-Ling Zhu lei-lei Meng Jin-Hu Ma Xin Yuan Shu-Wen Chen Xin-Rui Yi Xin-Yu Li Yi Wang Yun-Shu Tang Min Xue Mei-Zi Zhu Jin Peng Xue-Jin Lu Jian-Zhen Huang Zi-Chen Song Chong Wu Ke-Zhong Zheng Qing-Qing Dai Fan Huang hao-Shu Fang Department of Pathophysiology Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Laboratory Animal Research Center School of Basic Medical SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230022China College of Animal Science and Technology Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with mutations in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP),but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain ***,LBP^(-/-)rats with NAFLD were established and used to conduct integrative targetingactive enhancer histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation(H3K27ac)chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput and transcriptomic sequencing analysis to explore the potential epigenetic pathomechanisms of active enhancers of NAFLD exacerbation upon LBP ***,LBP^(-/-)reduced the inflammatory response but markedly aggravated high-fat diet(HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats,with pronounced alterations in the histone acetylome and regulatory *** total,1128 differential enhancer-target genes significantly enriched in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism were identified between wild-type(WT)and LBP^(-/-)NAFLD *** on integrative analysis,CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ(C/EBPβ)was identified as a pivotal transcription factor(TF)and contributor to dysregulated histone acetylome H3K27ac,and the lipid metabolism gene SCD was identified as a downstream effector exacerbating *** study not only broadens our understanding of the essential role of LBP in the pathogenesis of NAFLD from an epigenetics perspective but also identifies key TF C/EBPβand functional gene SCD as potential regulators and therapeutic targets.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease C/EBPβ Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein H3K27ac Integrative analysis Enhancer

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Dendrite-free Zn deposition initiated by nanoscale inorganic-organic coating-modified 3D host for stable Zn-ion battery

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SusMat 2024年第2期4卷 13-27页

作者： Jiaming Dong Junwen Duan Ruirui Cao Wang Zhang Kangkang Fang hao Yang Ying Liu Zhitao Shen Fumin Li Rong Liu Mengqi Jin Longhui lei Huilin Li Chong Chen Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials College of Future TechnologyHenan UniversityKaifengChina College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Institute of Solid-State Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina

A 3D nanostructured scaffold as the host for zinc enables effective inhibition of anodic dendrite ***,the increased electrode/electrolyte interface area provided by using 3D matrices exacerbates the passivation and localized corrosion of the Zn anode,ultimately bringing about the degradation of the electrochemical ***,a nanoscale coating of inorganic-organic hybrid(α-In_(2)Se_(3)-Nafion)onto a flexible carbon nanotubes(CNTs)framework(ISNF@CNTs)is designed as a Zn plating/stripping scaffold to ensure uniform Zn nucleation,thus achieving a dendrite-free and durable Zn *** intro-duced inorganic-organic interfacial layer is dense and sturdy,which hinders the direct exposure of deposited Zn to electrolytes and mitigates the side ***,the zincophilic nature of ISNF can largely reduce the nucleation energy barrier and promote the ion-diffusion ***,the ISNF@CNTs@Zn electrode exhibits a low-voltage hysteresis and a superior cycling life(over 1500 h),with dendrite-free Zn-plating behaviors in a typical symmetrical cell ***,the superior feature of ISNF@CNTs@Zn anode is further demonstrated by Zn-MnO_(2)cells in both coin and flexible quasi-solid-state *** work puts forward an inspired remedy for advanced Zn-ion batteries.

关键词： 2D/3D configuration dendrite-free inorganic-organic layer interfacial protection Zn-ion batteries

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Megafossils of Betulaceae from the Oligocene of Qaidam Basin and their paleoenvironmental and phytogeographic implications

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 101-115页

作者： Tao Yang Jia-hao Cai Yan-Zhi Dai Hong-Yu Chen lei Han Li Zhang Wei-Yu Liang Xu-Jun Li Wen-Jia Li Jing-Yu Wu San-Ping Xie De-Fei Yan School of Earth Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China(Gansu Province) Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Center for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environments School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Understanding the paleoenvironment and phytogeographical history of the Tibetan Plateau,China relies on discovering new plant *** Qaidam Basin has long been regarded as an ideal‘field laboratory’to investigate the paleoclimate and paleobiological evolution of the northern Tibetan ***,fossil angiosperms from the Qaidam Basin are rare,and our knowledge of its paleovegetation is ***,we report fossil leaves and fruits of Betulaceae found from the Oligocene Shangganchaigou Formation of northwestern Qaidam Basin(Huatugou area).Comparative morphological analysis led us to assign the fruits to the Betula subgenus Betula and the leaves to Carpinus *** findings,together with other reported fossil plants from the same locality,reveal a close floristic linkage between the Qaidam Basin and Europe during the *** northern pathway of this floristic exchange may have crossed through the Qaidam Basin during the late *** floristic linkage may have been facilitated by the continuous narrowing of the Turgai Strait and stronger westerlies,which transported moisture and provided favorable climatic ***,fossil plants collected from the Qaidam Basin suggest that during the Oligocene this region had warm and humid deciduous broad-leaf forest,which differs from the region’s modern vegetation and indicates that the Qaidam Basin may have been a suitable region for these plants to flourish and spread during the Oligocene.

关键词： Paleoenvironment Biogeography Betulaceous fossil Qaidam basin Tibetan Plateau Oligocene

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