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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 397-410页

作者： leen alrawas Abdessamad Tridane Ghassane Benrhmach Department of Physics New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Mathematical Sciences United Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Emirates Center for Mobility Research United Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Statistics and Business Analytics United Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper presents a comprehensive agent-based model for the spread of an infection in a network of *** mobility is defined between each two cities and can take different *** work examines the role that such mobility levels play in containing the infection with various vaccination coverage and age *** results indicate that mobility reduction is sufficient to control the disease under all circumstances and full lockdowns are not a *** has to be reduced to different ratios depending on the vaccination level and age distribution.A key finding is that increasing vaccination coverage above a certain level does not affect the mobility suppression level required to control the infection anymore for the cases of young population and heterogeneous age *** investigating several migration and commuting patterns,it is found that shutting mobility in a few local places is favored against reducing mobility over the entire country *** addition,commuting-and not migration-influences the spread level of the *** work offers an exclusive combined network-based and agent-based model that makes use of randomly generated mobility matrices.

关键词： Agent-based modeling Network Epidemics

Feasibility neutronic design for the reactor core configurations of a 5 MWth transportable block-type HTR

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2013年第4期24卷 75-80页

作者： DING Ming KLOOSTERMAN Jan leen College of Nuclear Science and Technology Harbin Engineering University Reactor Institute Delft Delft University of Technology

Small long-life transportable high temperature gas-cooled reactors(HTRs) are interesting because they can safely provide electricity or heat in remote areas or to industrial users in developed or developing *** paper presents the neutronic design of the U-Battery,which is a 5 MWth block-type HTR with a fuel lifetime of 5–10 *** a reactor pressure vessel diameter of less than 3.7 m,some possible reactor core configurations of the 5 MWth U-Battery have been investigated using the TRITON module in SCALE *** neutronic analysis shows that Layout 12×2B,a scattering core containing 2 layers of 12 fuel blocks each with 20% enriched235U,reaches a fuel lifetime of 10 effective full power years(EFPYs).When the diameter of the reactor pressure vessel is reduced to 1.8 m,a fuel lifetime of 4 EFPYs will be achieved for the 5 MWth U-Battery with a 25-cm thick graphite side *** 6×3 and 6×4 with a 25-cm thick BeO side reflector achieve a fuel lifetime of 7 and 10 EFPYs,*** comparison of the different core configurations shows that,keeping the number of fuel blocks in the reactor core constant,the annular and scattering core configurations have longer fuel lifetimes and lower fuel cost than the cylindrical ***,for the 5 MWth U-Battery,reducing the fuel inventory in the reactor core by decreasing the diameter of fuel kernels and packing fraction of TRISO particles is more effective to lower the fuel cost than decreasing the 235U enrichment.

关键词：高温气冷反应堆堆芯中子设计反应堆压力容器 HTR 可移动燃料成本

Global Trends of Usage of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Projections for the Next Decade

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 409-418页

作者： Alonso Zavafer leen Labeeuw Cristian Mancilla Research School of Biology The Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia University of Technology Sydney Climate Change ClusterFaculty of ScienceSydneyNSW 2007Australia Independent Researcher La FloridaChile

Chlorophyll fluorescence is the most widely used set of techniques to probe photosynthesis and plant *** great versatility has given rise to different routine methods to study plants and *** three main technical platforms are pulse amplitude modulation(PAM),fast rise of chlorophyll fluorescence,and fast repetition ***-induced fluorescence(SIF)has also gained interest in the last few *** have compared their advantages and their underlying theory,with many arguments advanced as to which method is the most accurate and *** date,no data has assessed the exact magnitude of popularity and influence for each *** this work,we have taken the bibliometrics of the past decade for each of the four platforms,have evaluated the public scientific opinion toward each method,and possibly identified a geographical *** used various metrics to assess influence and popularity for the four routine platforms compared in this study and found that,overall,PAM currently has the highest values,although the more recent SIF has increased in popularity rapidly during the last *** indicates that PAM is currently one of the fundamental tools in chlorophyll fluorescence.

关键词： algae routine Fluorescence

Current perspectives on dengue episode in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第4期9卷 386-392页

作者： Ee leen Pang Hwei-San Loh School of Biosciences.Faculty of Science.The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus Biotechnology Research Centre The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus

To Prevalence of dengue transmission has been alarmed by an estimate of 390 million infections per *** encroachment,ecological disruption and poor sanitation are all contributory factors of increased *** however arises from the fact that dengue virus inherently exists as four different *** infection is often manifested in the more severe form,such that antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE) could aggravate ailment by allowing pre-existing antibodies to form complexes with infecting viruses as means of ***,increased viraemic litter and suppression of antiviral response are *** concerns are thus expressed in regards to escalating trend of hospitalisation and mortality *** Malaysia,situation is exacerbated by improper clinical management and pending vector control *** a preparedness strategy against the potential deadly dengue pandemic,the call for development of a durable and costeffective dengue vaccine against all infecting serotypes is *** though several vaccine candidates are currently being evaluated in clinical trials,uncertainties in regards to serotypes interference,incomplete protection and dose adequacy have been *** of sole reliance on outsourcing,production of local vaccine should be considered in coherent to government's efforts to combat against dengue.

关键词： Dengue Antibody-dependent enhancement Pandemic Vaccine Malaysia

Towards development of a universal dengue vaccine-how close are we?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第3期10卷 209-218页

作者： Ee leen Pang Hwei-San Loh School of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus Biotechnology Research Centre The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus

Dengue has been ranked as one of the top emerging diseases in Asia and Latin *** epidemiological data may not even reflect the true burden of disease due to underreported *** control programmes have failed to contain the disease and worst of all,no specific treatment is available at the ***,this pushes the demand for a dengue vaccine as a long-term protective *** there are numerous vaccine candidates ahead,they could be held back by different aspects in promoting vaccine *** for developing nations,logistics and cost are the major hurdles that need to be addressed in order to provide a quick yet affordable medical *** an alternative,plantbased vaccine production system is able to offer an attractive prospect given to its advantages of biocontainment warranty,low operation cost,rapid scalability and logistics *** that have embarked on this scope are laid out and reviewed in terms of the feasibility of plant system to serve as a biofactory for dengue vaccine.

关键词： Dengue vaccine Protective efficacy Developing countries Plant molecular pharming

Novel Agents in the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy:A Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第5期9卷 749-759页

作者： leen Z.Hasan George Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Hepatic encephalopathy is an often devastating complication of chronic liver disease,associated with high mortality and increased burden on patients and healthcare *** agents(such as nonabsorbable disaccharides and oral antibiotics)are often only partially effective and associated with unpleasant side *** our improved understanding of the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy,multiple treatment modalities have emerged with promising results when used alone or as an adjunct to standard *** mechanisms of these agents vary greatly,and include the manipulation of gut microbial composition,reduction of oxidative stress,inhibition of inflammatory mediators,protection of endothelial integrity,modulation of neurotransmitter release and function,and other novel methods to reduce blood ammonia and *** their promising results,the studies assessing these treatment modalities are often limited by study design,sample size,outcome assessment heterogeneity,and paucity of data regarding their safety *** this article,we discuss these novel agents in depth and provide the best evidence supporting their use,along with a critical look at their limitations and future directions.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Liver cirrhosis Ammonia

WoRMS needs YOU!A Reply to Collareta et al.2020

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 326-327页

作者： Tammy HORTON Andreas KROH leen VANDEPITTE National Oceanography Centre SouthamptonUK Natural History Museum Vienna Austria Flanders Marine Institute(VLIZ) Wandelaarkaai 7OostendeBelgium

Editorial Note:“This response to Collareta et al.(2020)was reviewed by several taxonomists,all who expressed a degree of misgiving about the editorial processes and protocols involved in the revision of the Thoracica and publication of this revision in *** is critical that future editors ensure that any taxonomic revision is supported by peer-reviewed publication.”

关键词： al. revision Col

Portraying Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Comparative Evaluation of Diabetic Foot Infections versus Diabetic Foot Ulcers

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 297-309页

作者： Jamal Wadi Al Ramahi leen Sharqawi Sarah AL-Najafi Eman Awwad Haya M. Al-Obaidi Abdel Hafez Mohammad Sara Nofal Dina Riyadh Al-Janabi Ibrahim Zuhair Hamza Jamal Al-Masaeid Mohammed Al-Ithawi Dina Rasheed Bellal O. Al-Far Osama Al-Izi Qutaiba Al-Bustanji School of Medicine The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of the Internal Medicine The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of the Medical Al Khalidi Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Internal Medicine Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of General Surgery Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan

Background: Confusion often arises in caring for diabetic foot infections and ulcers, especially with antimicrobials;we aim to shed light on this entity and alert healthcare workers to its stewardship. Methods: Records were reviewed between February 2016 and September 2023. Data for patients diagnosed with diabetes and foot ulcers, infected or not, were examined following ICD 9 search terms. Records for patients were included if they were prediabetic/diabetic adults with foot ulcers, more than 18 years old, and on antidiabetic treatment. Patients were excluded if they insulin resistant, with normal HgbA1c levels, wheel-chair dependent, bed-bound, non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients who had vascular lower limb surgery earlier to ulcers, diabetic patients who had aortocoronary bypass, deep venous thrombosis within six months, malignancy, and severe clinical depression. A modified IWGDF/IDSA guidelines definitions for DFI and DFU was considered. Statistical analysis was done using R programming. Statistical methods were employed as appropriate, and a significant P-value was considered for P Results: Most characteristics were well balanced between DFI and DFU, on imaging osteomyelitis and tissue swelling were significantly more in DFI. Endovascular radiological procedures showed angiograms to be considerably more in DFI, while angioplasty was more in DFU, in addition to smoking. Bacteremia was uncommon, and swab cultures were mostly polymicrobial in both ulcers;no clear association with blood bacteria was detected with the polymicrobial growth, though few were concordant. Antimicrobials prescribed for both ulcers were not statistically different except for carbapenems, which were more in DFI (P Conclusion: Attention should be paid to best practices while caring for diabetic ulcers. These include swab culture interpretations, the use of antimicrobials, and plan management according to DFI or DFU to utilize either local care or combination with antimicrobials.

关键词： Diabetic Foot Ulcers Diabetic Limb Amputation Antimicrobials Stewardship Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

INVESTIGATIONS ON VINYLENE CARBONATE Ⅰ. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF POLY-(VINYLENEC ARBONATE)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1990年第3期8卷 197-203页

作者：黄家贤陈国华 EDDY TIJSMA leen VAN DER DOES ADRIAAN BANTJES Nankai University Department of Chemistry Tianjin People's Republic of China Department of Chemical Technology Biomaterials Section Twente University P. O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands

Bulk polymerization of vinylene carbonate using t-butylperoxypivalate at 40℃gave colourless, high molecular weight poly(vinylene carbonate) (PVCA). Solutions of PVCA in acetone and DMF are not stable at 25℃and this ... 详细信息

关键词： Vinylene carbonate Polymerization High Molecular Weight Degradation Mark-Houwink Equation.

New hope for hepatitis C virus:Summary of global epidemiologic changes and novel innovations over 20 years

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第29期27卷 4818-4830页

作者： Brittany B Dennis leen Naji Yasmin Jajarmi Aijaz Ahmed Donghee Kim Department of Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8ONCanada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94304United States Department of Family Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8P 1H6ONCanada Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4K1ONCanada

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a global health concern associated with significant morbidity and *** the approval of second-generation direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs),interferon therapy and liver transplantation constituted the mainstay of *** introduction of well-tolerated oral DAAs in late 2013 has revolutionized HCV management with over 95%cure *** predominance of HCV-related liver transplantations has declined following the widespread approval of *** the unparallel efficacy observed among these novel therapies,pharmaceutical costs continue to limit equitable access to healthcare and likely contribute to the differential HCV infection rates observed *** reduce the burden of disease worldwide,essential agenda items for all countries must include the prioritization of integrated care models and access to DAAs *** transparent negotiations with the pharmaceutical industry,the consideration for compassionate release of medications to promote equitable division of care is *** we provide a literature review of HCV,changes in epidemiologic trends,access issues for current therapies,and global inequities in disease burden.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Direct-acting antivirals Global health Liver transplantation People who inject drugs Liver cirrhosis