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controversies in fecal incontinence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 113-119页

作者： Andreia Albuquerque satish s c Rao school of Medicine and Biomedical sciences Fernando Pessoa UniversityGondomar 4420-096PortoPortugal Precancerous Lesions and Early cancer Management Research Group RIsE@cI-IPO(Health Research Network) Portuguese Oncology Institute of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Fecal incontinence is a common condition that can significantly impact patients’quality of *** anal sphincter injury and anorectal surgeries are common *** ultrasound and anorectal manometry are important diagnostic tools for evaluating *** are various treatment options,including diet,lifestyle modifications,drugs,biofeedback therapy,tibial and sacral nerve neuromodulation therapy,and *** this editorial,we will discuss current controversies and novel approaches to fecal *** for asymptomatic anal sphincter defects after obstetric anal sphincter injury and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is not generally recommended,but may be helpful in selected *** Garg incontinence score is a new score that includes the assessment of solid,liquid,flatus,mucous,stress and urge fecal *** tests such as translumbosacral anorectal magnetic stimulation and novel therapies such as translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy are promising diagnostic and treatment options,for both fecal incontinence and *** biofeedback therapy can overcome some limitations of the office-based *** muscle-derived cell implantation of the external anal sphincter has been further studied as a possible treatment *** neuromodulation may be useful in scleroderma,congenital fecal incontinence and inflammatory bowel disease but merits further study.

关键词： Fecal incontinence Endoanal ultrasound Anal sphincter defects Biofeedback Neuropathy sacral neuromodulation

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and c(PKA and PKc)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKc activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

A review of potential mechanisms and uses of sGLT2 inhibitors in ischemia-reperfusion phenomena

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第9期13卷 683-695页

作者： victor Quentin Manveer singh lee s Nguyen Intensive care Medicine CMC Ambroise ParéNeuilly-sur-Seine 92200France Research and Innovation CMC Ambroise ParéNeuilly-sur-Seine 92200France

Recently added to the therapeutic arsenal against chronic heart failure as a first intention drug,the antidiabetic drug-class sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(sGLT2i)showed efficacy in decreasing overall mortality,hospitalization,and sudden death in patients of this very population,in whom chronic or acute ischemia count among the first ***,this benefit was observed independently from diabetic status,and benefited both preserved and altered ventricular ejection *** feature,observed in several large randomized controlled trials,suggests additional effects from sGLT2i beyond isolated glycemia ***,both in-vitro and animal models suggest that inhibiting the Na+/H+exchanger(NHE)may be key to preventing ischemia/reperfusion injuries,and by extension may hold a similar role in ischemic damage control and ischemic ***,several other mechanisms may be explored which may help better target those who may benefit most from sGLT2i *** of a large therapeutic margin with few adverse events,ease of prescription and potential pharmacological efficacity,sGLT2i could be candidate for wider *** this review,we aim to summarize all evidence which link sGLT2i and ischemia/reperfusion injuries modulation,by first listing known mechanisms,including metabolic switch,prevention of lethal arrythmias and others,which portend the latter,and second,hypothesize how the former may interact with these mechanisms.

关键词： sGLT2 inhibitors Ischemia-reperfusion injuries sodium-proton exchanger Myocardial ischemia Immunomodulation

Temperature and Thermal stress Distribution for Metal Mold in squeeze casting Process

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 347-350页

作者： c.H.lee s.H.lee Institute of Technology and science Chung-Ang University

In the squeeze casting process, loaded high pressure （over approximately 200 MPa） and high temperature influence the thermo-mechanical behavior and performance of the used metal mold. Therefore, to safely maintain the metal molds, the thermo-mechanical characteristics （temperature and thermal stress） of metal mold in the squeeze casting must be investigated. In this paper, temperature and thermal stress distribution of steel mold in squeeze casting process were investigated by using a three-dimensional non-steady heat conduction analysis and a three-dimensional thermal elastic-plastic analysis considering temperature-dependent thermophysical and mechanical properties of the steel mold.

关键词： squeeze casting steel mold Thermal stress Thermo-Mechanical analysis

serological surveillance for sARs-coV-2 antibodies among students,faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 99-107页

作者： Marcos G Pinheiro Gabriela G O Alves Maria Eduarda R conde sofia L costa Regina c s sant’Anna Isa M F Antunes Mônica c carneiro Fabio s Ronzei Julia c scaffo Felipe R Pinheiro Lialyz s Andre Helvecio c Povoa Valéria T Baltar Fabíola Giordani Eduarda s Hemerly Gisele c Alexandre Karla c de Paula Márcio Watanabe Antonio claudio L da Nóbrega Jackeline christiane P Lobato Fabio Aguiar-Alves Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biotechnology Rodolpho Albino University LaboratoryFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24241000Rio de JaneiroBrazil Estácio de sáUniversity Nova Friburgo 28611135Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pathology Program Medicine schoolFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24070090Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Lloyd L.Gregory School of PharmacyPalm Beach Atlantic UniversityWest Palm BeachFL 33401United States Health Institute of Nova Friburgo Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo 28613001Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Collective Health(ISC)Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24033900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physical Education Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24020005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of statistics Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210200Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210130Rio de JaneiroBrazil

BAcKGROUND At the end of December 2019,the world faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(sARs-coV-2),which led to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),associated with respiratory *** virus has shown significant challenges,especially for senior citizens,patients with other underlying illnesses,or those with a sedentary *** tests conducted early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its *** study hypothesis was that the rapid serological test for sARs-coV-2 antibodies could indicate the immunoreactive profile during the cOVID-19 pandemic in a university *** To conduct active surveillance for serological expression of anti-sARs-coV-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the cOVID-19 *** This sectional study by convenience sampling was conducted in a large university in Niteroi-RJ,Brazil,from March 2021 to July *** study population consisted of students,faculty,and administrative staff employed by the university.A total of 3433 faculty members,60703 students,and 3812 administrative staff were invited to *** were gathered through rapid serological tests to detect immunoglobulin(Ig)M and IgG against ***χ²or Fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical analysis.A 0.20 significance level was adopted for variable selection in a multiple logistic regression model to evaluate *** A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the *** proportion of cOVID-19 positivity was 164/1648(9.8%).The adjusted logistic model indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age[odds ratio(OR)=1.16,95%cI:1.02-1.31](Ps who had been in contact with a cOVID-19-positive case(OR=3.49,95%cI:2.34-5.37)(Pse who had received the cOVID-19 vaccine(OR=2.33,95%cI:1.61-3.35)(Psocial isolation(OR=0.59,95%cI:0.41-0.84)(Psho

关键词： serological surveillance sARs-coV-2 antibodies cOVID-19 serological rapid test Risk factors for cOVID-19

Influence of carrier Gas on Analysis of MgO Powders by Laser Ablation Inductively coupled Plasma Mass spectrometry

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2009年第3期25卷 333-335页

作者： J.s. lee Y.s. lee c.J. Park H.s. lee D.s. lee Department of chemistry Yonsei University Material Analysis Team Korea Testing Laboratory Korea Research Institute of standards and science school of Material science and Engineering Pusan National Univirsity

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （LA-IcP-Ms） has been widely adopted for the direct multi-elemental analysis with high sensitivity. Especially analysis of fine ceramics by LA-IcP-Ms without time-consuming sample decomposition process has been one of the most expecting application field. small additive elements in MgO powders were analyzed by LA-IcP-Ms. For precise and accurate analysis influence of carrier gas （Ar or He） was presented by the signal intensities of IcP-Ms, relative standard deviation of signal intensities and ablated particle size distribution. Ablated particles were collected and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （sEM） to investigate the particle size distribution, and the ablated sample surface was examined by camscope. In He gas atmosphere, the signal was more stable than in Ar gas atmosphere. The signal intensity was higher in Ar than in He. Examination of ablated particles and sample surface reveals that more particles were generated in Ar atmosphere and the distribution of particle size was larger.

关键词： Laser ablation MgO powders carrier gas IcP-Ms

FORGING AsIA′s GLOBAL TRANsPARK IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA AT ZHUHAI

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chinese Geographical science 2003年第4期13卷 300-309页

作者： victor F s sIT .

The main purpose of the paper is to introduce the concept of the Global TransPark (GTP). It is a critical time to develop air logistics infrastructure in the New Economy. The paper also presents a brief review of the air cargo industry in the Asian-Pacific region and china,in particular china’s development in the industry as its economy has grown rapidly and globalized in the past two decades. The paper argues that china needs to develop a GTP to support its future growth,and explains why the Pearl River Delta-Hong Kong-Macao city-region or Extended Metropolitan Region (EMR) is the best location. Finally,it proposes that Zhuhai Airport,one of the five airports in the EMR,is the best site for the GTP. New policies from chinese government as well as close cooperation between local governments of Guangdong and the two special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macao will be needed to make the establishment of the GTP possible.

关键词： Global TransPark airport air cargo transport Hong Kong Extended Metropolitan Region the Pearl River Delta New Economy

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL J.cHOI s.F.sHAH c.lee s.lee Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMc)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary NMc particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of NMc active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMc)

A single Mooring system with sag-Extensibility and Flexural Rigidity Applied to Offshore Platform

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china Ocean Engineering 2013年第3期27卷 335-350页

作者： M.-c. Tsai Hsien Hua lee Jun-Yen lee s.-s. Hsiao Department of Marine Environment and Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Harbor and River Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University

Floating platform system has been extensively used in ocean exploitation, particularly for a tension-leg platform （TLP） system in deep water. Most of the TLPs are multi-mooring systems, where multi-joints are connected to the tension-legs so that the platform is not allowed to twist freely and may subject to enormous force induced by large incident waves in the weak-direction of the structure. This study aims to exploit a single moored offshore platform system that may attract less force and can be operated with less effort. In our analysis, in addition to mechanical properties of the tether, two important properties are also taken into consideration for the single mooring tether with expanded cross sectional dimension and utilization of stronger material, namely, the sag-extensibility and the flexural rigidity. Finally, the dynamic structural behavior produced by the mechanical effects on the new system is investigated and compared with that of traditional design while the wave-structure interactions of large body are also accounted for. Our study finds that the neglect of sag-extensibility or the flexural rigidity of large, strong mooring cable may result in a conservative but not necessarily safe design.

关键词： tention leg platform (TLP) single mooring platform system flexural rigidity sag extensibility wave-structure interactions