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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 462-477页

作者： Henry Ngenyam Bang lee stuart miles Richard Duncan Gordon Disaster Management Centre Bournemouth UniversityDorsetTalbot CampusFern BarrowPoole BH125BBUK

Many African countries are prone to numerous hazardous events,exacerbated by the vulnerability of their rapidly increasing population and leading to frequent disasters that often have dire fiscal and development ***,there is declining sensitivity to these risks,contrary to the conventional wisdom of disaster management(DM)*** primary aim of this research is to understand the constraints and/or challenges limiting the ability of contemporary African DM systems/institutional frameworks from implementing adequate disaster risk reduction(DRR)*** a qualitative,case study based research strategy,this research investigates resistance to the effective implementation of DM/DRR within Cameroon’s contemporary DM system by using the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 guiding principles for DRR as *** findings reveal the existence of resistance factors that particularly complicate the communication,decision making,and coordination of DRR activities,the provision of resources,aspects of international assistance,as well as DRR planning and *** authors argue that such resistance factors contribute to making Cameroon’s DM system more reactive and further undermine risk *** article concludes by offering key recommendations that have the potential to alleviate the identified resistance factors as well as strengthen Cameroon’s DM,particularly in relation to capacity building,training,research development,and organizational resilience.

关键词： Cameroon Communication resistance Disaster management Disaster management system Disaster risk reduction West Africa

Hurricane Occurrence and Seasonal Activity: An Analysis of the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season

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American Journal of Climate Change 2019年第4期8卷 454-481页

作者： Henry Ngenyam Bang lee stuart miles Richard Duncan Gordon Disaster Management Centre Bournemouth University Dorset Talbot Campus Fern Barrow Poole UK

This article provides a reckoning of the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season’s place in history to ascertain how unique it was from other hurricane seasons. A research strategy involving qualitative, descriptive and analytical research approaches, including content analysis, sequential description of events and comparative analysis, were used to assess how and why the 2017 AHS season is distinct from others. Findings reveal that the 2017 AHS was extraordinary by all meteorological standards—in many ways, being hyperactive, and producing a frenetic stretch of huge, long-lived and dramatic, tropical storms including 10 hurricanes. The season was, arguably, the most expensive in history and will be remembered for the unprecedented devastation caused by the season’s major hurricanes (Harvey, Irma and Maria). While the extremely active season can be attributed to anomalously high, climate change induced, hurricane friendly environmental conditions in the Atlantic basin, early forecasts did not also predict the hyperactivity of the season. This article, therefore, advances for a more strategic anticipatory and proactive approach in dealing with these severe storms, underpinned by effective mitigation of their effects. Furthermore, the article adds value to the literature examining extreme natural forces, particularly in understanding variations in the ferocity of the meteorological events associated with hurricane seasons.

关键词： Hurricanes Disaster Hurricane Season Tropical Cyclones Seasonal Activity

Relationships between regulated DBPs and emerging DBPs of health concern in U.S. drinking water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 161-172页

作者： stuart W.Krasner Ai Jia Chih-Fen T.lee Raha Shirkhani Joshua M.Allen Susan D.Richardson Michael J.Plewa Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Water Quality LaboratoryCA 91750USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaSC 29208USA Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA

A survey was conducted at eight U.S. drinking water plants, that spanned a wide range of water qualities and treatment/disinfection practices. Plants that treated heavily-wastewaterimpacted source waters had lower trihalomethane to dihaloacetonitrile ratios due to the presence of more organic nitrogen and HAN precursors. As the bromide to total organic carbon ratio increased, there was more bromine incorporation into DBPs. This has been shown in other studies for THMs and selected emerging DBPs(HANs), whereas this study examined bromine incorporation for a wider group of emerging DBPs(haloacetaldehydes, halonitromethanes). Moreover, bromine incorporation into the emerging DBPs was, in general, similar to that of the THMs. Epidemiology studies that show an association between adverse health effects and brominated THMs may be due to the formation of brominated emerging DBPs of heath concern. Plants with higher free chlorine contact times before ammonia addition to form chloramines had less iodinated DBP formation in chloraminated distribution systems, where there was more oxidation of the iodide to iodate(a sink for the iodide) by the chlorine. This has been shown in many bench-scale studies(primarily for iodinated THMs), but seldom in full-scale studies(where this study also showed the impact on total organic iodine. Collectively, the THMs, haloacetic acids, and emerging DBPs accounted for a significant portion of the TOCl, TOBr, and TOI;however, ~50% of the TOCl and TOBr is still unknown. The correlation of the sum of detected DBPs with the TOCl and TOBr suggests that they can be used as reliable surrogates.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Total organic bromine Total organic iodine Trihalomethanes Haloacetonitriles Haloacetaldehydes Iodo-trihalomethanes Iodoacetic acids

Field resistance to spinosad in western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第12期15卷 2803-2808页

作者： LI Dong-gang SHANG Xiao-yong stuart Reitz Ralf Nauen LEI Zhong-ren Si Hyeock lee GAO Yu-lin State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Plant Protection Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Malheur County Extension Oregon State University Bayer Crop Science RD-SMRPest Control Biology Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University

The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is one of the most destructive sucking pests of vegetables, fruits and ornamental crops in China. Spinosad is one of the most commonly used insecticides to manage thrips. To assess the incidence of spinosad resistance in F. occidentalis field populations in eastern China, survival rates for 24 different populations were compared with those of a susceptible laboratory strain. All populations showed significantly higher resistance to spinosad compared with the control as determined by comparing median lethal concentrations. Two populations from Shouguang and Liaocheng in Shandong Province were classified as having moderate and high levels of resistance to spinosad with a mean resistance ratio of 17.0 and 89.2, respectively. Our research indicates a widespread reduction in spinosad efficacy for controlling F. occidentalis field populations, and that resistance management strategies should be implemented as soon as practicable, to reduce the potential of progressive resistance development and loss of efficacy.

关键词： insecticide resistance spinosad bioassay Frankliniella occidentalis

The Irony of Flood Risks in African Dryland Environments: Human Security in North Cameroon

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2017年第3期5卷 109-121页

作者： Henry Bang lee miles Richard Gordon Disaster Management Centre Faculty of Management Bournemouth University Bournemouth United Kingdom

North Cameroon, though located in an arid environment, ironically also suffers from the serious threat of flooding in the region. This article examines contemporary challenges resulting from frequent flooding in North Cameroon. Using Cutter’s “Hazard of Place Model” of vulnerability as the conceptual basis, the article triangulates data from a variety of sources to analyze environmental risks, social and biophysical vulnerability and flood impact, including flood risk management in North Cameroon. The findings reveal that North Cameroon is vulnerable to frequent flooding due to a combination of environmental, socio-economic, and geographic factors further compounded by low organizational resilience to flooding with dire consequences for livelihoods. We argue that, if not handled appropriately, the impact of flooding in North Cameroon risks trapping the population in a permanent and vicious cycle of destitution and poverty. The government urgently needs to review its disaster management policies to be more proactive and strategic in flood management in order to enhance human security and prevent permanent damage to the livelihoods and the micro-economy of the region. Lessons learned from this research, when applied, can help to reduce the vulnerabilities of the poverty-stricken population and enhance resilience to flood risks.

关键词： Frequent Flooding North Cameroon Vulnerability Flood Management

Regional scientific research benefits threatened-species conservation

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1076-1079页

作者： Yisi Hu Zhenhua Luo Colin A.Chapman stuart L.Pimm Samuel T.Turvey Michael J.Lawes Carlos A.Peres Tien Ming lee Pengfei Fan School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University School of Life Sciences Central China Normal University Department of Anthropology and School of Environment Mc Gill University School of Life Sciences University of Kwa Zulu-Natal The College of Life Sciences Northwest University Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University

Although conventional wisdom considers knowledge of threatened species’ ecology and status essential for conservation, few studies demonstrate this in a quantitative way across many species and within the same political entity. Here,we evaluated the impacts of scientific research against conservation interventions(including funding) and specieslevel correlates, accounting for phylogenetic relatedness, on the conservation

关键词： China Regional scientific research benefits threatened-species conservation

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小鸟,又见小鸟

疯狂英语（初中天地） 2013年第4期 20-21页

作者： stuart miles 思苇

《愤怒的小鸟》从普通版、里约版、季节版，再到太空版，让大家过足了痣。但是如果你能摸到实体的捣蛋猪王，又或者小鸟们都变成了《星球大战》里的主角，那么你是否能从中获得另一番乐趣呢？虽然以下将要介绍的两种玩法都早已推出市面... 详细信息

《愤怒的小鸟》从普通版、里约版、季节版，再到太空版，让大家过足了痣。但是如果你能摸到实体的捣蛋猪王，又或者小鸟们都变成了《星球大战》里的主角，那么你是否能从中获得另一番乐趣呢？虽然以下将要介绍的两种玩法都早已推出市面，但是经过美国消费电子展（Consumer Electronics Show，每年1月于拉斯维加斯举行，是全球最大的消费科技产品交易会之一）的再次宣传，小鸟们再度火热起来了!

关键词：消费电子展《星球大战》拉斯维加斯 Show 科技产品交易会

Trends in characteristics of neurologists who provide stroke consultations in the USA,2008-2021

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 86-88页

作者： Carter H Nakamoto Andrew D Wilcock lee H Schwamm Jennifer J Majersik Kori S Zachrison Ateev Mehrotra Department of Health Care Policy Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Division of General Medicine and Primary Care Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA

Introduction Patients with acute ischaemic strokes(AIS),on average,fare better with timely neurologist consultation,and a growing proportion of them receive ***,little is known about trends in the characteristics of neurologists who treat *** We identified AIS and transient ischaemic attack(TIA)episodes with neurologist consults in fee-for service Medicare from January 2008 to September *** each episode,we determined whether the neurologist was a vascular neurologist,was a high-volume provider,whether the patient was transferred between hospitals and the distance between the patient’s home and physician’s *** From 2008 to 2021,the share of AIS/TIA episodes(n=5073294)with neurologist consults increased(52.9%to 61.7%).Among episodes with consults,the fraction conducted by a vascular neurologist(5.2%to 13.7%)or by a high-volume neurologist(13.2%to 14.9%)also *** fraction with the patient’s home and neurologist greater than 100 miles apart(4.8%to 9.6%)or in different states(5.1%to 8.1%)increased,as did the fraction with transfers(4.2%to 8.5%).Discussion Over the study period,the proportion of AIS/TIA episodes with consultations from neurologists with either vascular neurology certifications or high volumes increased substantially.

关键词： acute characteristics consultation

Total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation vs intrathecal narcotic pump infusion for pain control in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4160-4167页

作者： Mohamad Mokadem Lama Noureddine Thomas Howard lee Mc Henry stuart Sherman Evan L Fogel James L Watkins Glen A Lehman Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Community Health Network Indianapolis IN 46219 United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis IN 46202 United States

AIM: To evaluate pain control in chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation or intrathecal narcotic pump ***: We recognized 13 patients who underwent intrathecal narcotic pump(ITNP) infusion and 57 patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with autologous islet cell transplantation(TP + ICT) for chronic pancreatitis(CP) pain control between 1998 and 2008 at Indiana University Hospital. All patients had already failed multiple other modalities for pain control and the decision to proceed with either intervention was made at the discretion of the patients and their treating physicians. All patients were evaluated retrospectively using a questionnaire inquiring about their pain control(using a 0-10 pain scale), daily narcotic dose usage, and hospital admission days for pain control before each intervention and during their last follow-up. RESULTS: All 13 ITNP patients and 30 available TP + ICT patients were evaluated. The mean age was approximately 40 years in both groups. The median duration of pain before intervention was 6 years and 7 years in the ITNP and TP + ICT groups, respectively. The median pain score dropped from 8 to 2.5(on a scale of 0-10) in both groups on their last follow up. The median daily dose of narcotics also decreased from 393 mg equivalent of morphine sulfate to 8 mg in the ITNP group and from 300 mg to 40 mg in the TP + ICT group. No patient had diabetes mellitus(DM) before either procedure whereas 85% of those who underwent pancreatectomy were insulin dependent on their last evaluation despite ICT. CONCLUSION: ITNP and TP + ICT are comparable for pain control in patients with CP however with high incidence of DM among those who underwent TP + ICT. Prospective comparative studies and longer follow up are needed to better define treatment outcomes.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Intractable pain Total pancreatectomy Islet cell transplantation Intrathecal na

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如何踏上拉力舞台

汽车测试报告 2014年第11期 143-147页

作者： OLLIE MARRIAQE lee BRIMABLE stuart PRICE TONY

这个故事始于蒂尔伯里（Tilbury）船坞。一切若是顺风顺水，剧情当于威尔士某森林圆满结束。不，大结局其实不应该发生在某某森林中。最后一幕若非直捣黄龙越过兰迪德诺（Llandudno）的正式终点，当中肯定出了大问题……

关键词：舞台拉力威尔士森林